International Clinical Neuroscience Journal

Background: There is controversy about the value of endoscopic methods compared to microsurgical methods in the treatment of challenging colloidal cysts. This study aimed to review the findings of literature which studied microsurgery or neuroendoscopy in the colloid cyst.
Methods: An advanced search in PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases performed using keywords such as: “microsurgery,” “endoscopy,” “microsurgery versus endoscopy,” and “colloid cysts.”
Results: Reviewing the findings of related studies showed some differences in sections of surgical management, microsurgery, endoscopy, complete cyst resection, recurrence rate, length of stay, and complications between the two surgical methods in the treatment of colloid cyst.
Conclusion: Despite some disadvantages of endoscopy, it seems this method has more privileges than the other methods.

Background: Neonatal seizure is a rare neurologic condition. The current study aimed at determining the etiology of neonatal seizure.
Methods: The current study evaluated the data of 100 neonates who were hospitalized at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during 2015-2017. A pediatric neurologist made the final diagnosis of seizure. Patients’ medical records were used to review neonatal seizure variables. SPSS (version 16) was used to perform the statistical analyses.
Results: The current study enrolled 100 newborns (41% female) admitted to the NICU following the first episode of seizure and the body temperature of 36.8-39.2°C (mean: 37.2°C). Of 100 participants, 94 (94%) had acute symptomatic seizure and 6 (6%) were compatible with neonatal epilepsy syndrome criteria. According to the results, the commonest etiologies were the neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy constituting 82% of participants.
Conclusion: The consequences of acute symptomatic seizures in neonates are determined mainly by the etiology of the seizures. Seizure burden and use of anti-seizure drugs may also have some impact, but this has yet to be fully defined.

Background: According to scientific evidence, high levels of sensitivity anxiety are one of the predictors of panic attacks, anxiety, and depression. The multidimensional anxiety sensitivity (cognitive, social, and physiological) is base on cognitive biases such as attention biases which are due to selecting threatening stimuli instead of neutral or positive stimuli. Despite the initial promise, attention bias modification (ABM) has a limited effect on reducing anxiety. This study aims to modify attention bias by reducing the focus on the threatening stimuli based on Bioenergy Economy (BEE) protocol; as an integrated model of care.
Methods: The present study is base on a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test and follow-up in both groups. Thirty women between the ages of 23 to 50 selected from the patients referred to Bozorgmehr Neurology clinic in Mashhad. People who scored more than 70 in anxiety test, were randomly put into the experimental and control groups. The data collection tool was dot-probe test. The experimental group participated in the entire BEE protocol.
Results: The mean score sensitivity anxiety of the experimental group in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up was significantly lower than those in the control group by using multivariate analysis of covariance. Also, the mean score of the experimental group in dot-probe test, neutral reaction time, emotional response time, and interference score in the post-test phase, as well as the components of dull reaction time and sensitive response time in the follow-up and post-test were significantly lower than the control group.
Conclusion: The BEE protocol is effective in ABM and reducing high sensitivity anxiety.

Background: Considering the evidence indicating the neuronal protective effects of curcumin in previous studies, this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, and parallel-group trial was aimed at exploring the possible nanomicelle curcumin (SinaCurcumin®, nano-micellar soft gel)-mediated impact on sleep, fatigue, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Methods: A sample of 50 PD patients were recruited and randomly divided into experimental (25) and control groups (25). Sleep quality, fatigue, and QoL were assessed based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire–39 (PDQ-39), respectively, at the beginning and the end of the study. The groups were treated for three months by 80 mg of nano-micellar soft gel twice a day.
Results: Nanomicelle curcumin significantly increased sleep quality and QoL compared with placebo (P values = 0.0001 and 0.0002, respectively) in PD patients. This significant difference has not influenced by the duration of the disease, the severity of disease progression (Hoehn & Yahr scale), and the cumulative dose of levodopa. This supplement did not have a significant effect on the fatigue severity of patients compared to placebo.
Conclusion: It has proposed that the nanomicelle curcumin can be used to improve sleep quality and QoL in PD patients.

Background: The aim of this present study was the comparison of resilience, cognitive emotion regulation, and metacognitive beliefs of primiparous and multiparous women in Rasht.
Methods: The current research was a cross-sectional analytic study. The participants of this research were all of the primiparous and multiparous women who referred to Rasht hospitals between June and October in 2016. A total of 120 persons (60 primiparous and 60 multiparous women) selected by the random clustering sampling method. The Connor-Davidson resilience scale assessed the participants, cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire by Granfsky et al and Wells et al. metacognition questionnaire. Data analysis have done by using the multivariate variance analysis by SPSS v. 22 software.
Results: The findings showed that there were significant differences in resilience, cognitive emotion regulation, and metacognitive beliefs between primiparous and multiparous women (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The results illustrated that there were significant differences in primiparous and multiparous women in resilience, cognitive emotion regulation, and metacognitive beliefs. It seems that training and practical steps to upgrade them as necessary.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stress management therapy with a cognitive-behavioral approach to cognitive emotion regulation in mothers of children with cancer.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow up design as well as the control group. The statistical population of this study included all mothers of children with cancer who referred to the Qods children’s hospital located in Qazvin province. A sample of 30 subjects was selected through purposive sampling and assigned to two groups of experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15). Both groups were pre-tested using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Then, the experimental group received 8 sessions of training in stress management skills with cognitive-behavioral approach while the control group did not receive any intervention. Subsequently, both groups administered post-test, and the data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using single variable one-way ANOVA.
Results: The results showed improvement in the scores of the experimental group mothers in cognitive emotion regulation variable and components of self-blame, acceptance, rumination, positive refocusing, refocus on planning, perspective-taking, catastrophization, and other-blame. However, no significant improvement observed in the component of positive reappraisal in parents of children with cancer (P < 0.01) and this maintained at the follow-up stage.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study it can be concluded that teaching stress coping strategies with a cognitive-behavioral approach is an effective way to teach emotion regulation strategies to mothers of children with cancer suffering from emotional distress.

Background: The present cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate the relation between fatty infiltration (FI) in multifidus muscles and spinal MRI findings among patients who referred to Sina Athar and Kosar imaging centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Methods: Discovertebral and facet joint degenerative changes, intervertebral foraminal narrowing, disk herniation and central canal stenosis in all lumbar levels and FI in multifidus muscles at the level of L5 vertebra were assessed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of 333 patients, and correlation of these MRI changes with FI was identified.
Results: Among 333 patients (174 female), whose data were analyzed, 316 patients mentioned a positive history of back pain. We observed a significant relation between female sex and higher age with degrees of multifidus FI in L5 level. No significant association was found between the existence of back pain and the rate of multifidus FI. There was a significant negative relation between the activity level and the amount of multifidus FI. Considering weekly exercise level and hours of computer use, this association was not observed. Evaluating the relation between end plate and facet joint degenerative process and also neuroforaminal stenosis with multifidus FI, a statistically significant relation was noted. This correlation was not observed for central canal stenosis.
Conclusion: We concluded that the degree of multifidus FI was remarkably higher in female gender, older ages and subjects with more sedentary lifestyle. Moreover, a significant correlation existed between abnormal MRI imaging findings (degenerative process, discopathies, foraminal stenosis) and multifidus FI.

Echinococcosis granulosus is the leading cause of spinal hydatid disease. Hydatidosis of the bone happens in 0.5%-3% of all the cases: the involvement in the vertebral column is 50%. In the endemic areas, one of the common causes of spinal cord compression is hydatid disease, and the diagnosis may remain obscure until specifying symptoms ensuing from complications due to root and cord compression. We present a case of recurrent spinal cords hydatid cyst in a 44 years old patient because it occurs rarely, and anesthetic management in such cases has never evaluated before.