International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences

Background and Aim:Considering Voluntary Function, the purpose of the present study was to predictthe addiction potential among some members of the Iranian Red Crescent Society (IRCS).Materials and Methods:The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the present study was all members of the Iranian Red Crescent Society (IRCS). The sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling, in which 620 active volunteers of the IRCS from 31 province and 175 cities of Iran (48.7% female and 50.1 Male mean age 23.27±3.32, range 14–31 years)were selected for this research.The research data was collected using theIranian Addiction Potential Scale (IAPS) and Voluntary Function Inventory (VFI).

Results:Findings proved that there was a negative significant correlation between the AP and all measurements of VF such as protective enhancement, understanding, career, values, and motives; meaning that the more time youth spent on participating in voluntary activities, the less likely they sought to resort to misusing AP. Findings of the multiple regression has proved that volunteerism could predict 15% of changes in the AP as a criterion variable.Conclusion:Voluntary function can increase happiness, mental health, expand interpersonal relationships and social networking, self-esteem and social skills in individuals. These skills can reduce the high-risk behaviors, including addiction. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to this valuable factors in preventive programs.

Background and Aim:The present study aimed to investigate the structural equations of treatment adherence based on cognitive function mediated by coping styles in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Materials and Methods:The present study was correlational and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included patients with breast cancer referred to specialized cancer clinics in Tehran between October and February 2017. The sample consisted of 250 patients with breast cancer who were selected by voluntary sampling. Data were obtained using the Folkman and Lazarus Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Cognitive Function Questionnaire, and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Data were also analyzed using correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation matrix, multiple regression, and structural equation modeling. Also, all statistical calculations were performed using Amos.22 and SPSS.22 software.

Results:The results showed that cognitive function had a direct effect on coping strategies (β=0.48, P<0.001) and adherence to treatment (β=0.63, P<0.001). Coping strategies had a mediating role in the relationship between cognitive function and adherence to treatment.

Conclusion:It can be concluded that cancer and the patient's necessity to follow treatment cause many challenges in daily life that necessitate the use of coping styles to adapt, coping styles play an important role in the course, control and psychosocial adjustment of the patient with cancer can have

Background and Aim:Marital infidelity is a traumatic interpersonal issue that can lead to cognitive, emotional, and behavioral symptoms in the victim. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of couples' relationship enrichment training with the EFT, emotion-focused approach on fear of intimacy and insecure attachment styles among couples  faced with spousal infidelity.

Materials and Methods:The method of the study was a semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, control group and with the follow-up phase. The statistical population of this study was all men and women faced with spousal infidelity in Tehran in 2019-2020.Throughconvenience sampling method, 40 people were selected and randomly divided into an intervention group by training couples' relationship enrichment with an emotion-focused approach and a control group. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes of training to enrich couples' relationships with an emotion-focused approach and the control group stayed on the waiting list. Data were collected based on an attachment styles questionnaire and fear of intimacy questionnaire. Multivariate covariance analysis test was used to eliminate the effect of pre-test using SPSS software.

Results:The results showed that emotion-focused training affected the scores of insecure attachment styles (P<0.01) and fear of intimacy (P<0.01). The results also showed that the method of training was to enrich couples' relationships with an emotion-focused approach in the follow-up phase.

Conclusion:It can be concluded that the intervention on  training couples' relationship enrichment focused on the emotion-focused approach is an effective model in women and men affected by spousal infidelity and can be used as one of the therapeutic or educational methods in couple therapy programs

Background and Aim:Adolescence is one of the most important and at the same time the most stressful and traumatic stages of individuals’ lives.   Most of them may experience anxiety during this period. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of yoga training based on mindfulness and self-management on anxiety in adolescents.

Materials and Methods:This experimental study was a pretest-posttest design with a control group and follow-up. The statistical population of this study included all the female high school studentsin Karaj city in  2018-2019 academic year.  45 students were considered as the sample size in two experimental groups (each group of 15 students) and control (15 students). The experimental groups underwent approach yoga training based on mindfulness (12 sessions 90 minutes) and self-management training (12 sessions 90 minutes): but the control group received no training.To collect data Beck anxiety inventory of Beck, Epstein, Brown, and Steer (1988). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni).

Results:The results showed that yoga training based on mindfulness and self-management was effective in decreasing anxiety symptoms in adolescents (P<0.001). The results also showed that the effect of both treatments was lasting until the follow-up stage(P<0.01).

Conclusion:It can be concluded that self-management training has more effectiveness in reducing anxiety. Self-management education has helped to reduce students' anxiety by regulating emotions and managing stress and yoga-based mindfulness training by reducing impulses and stressors through relaxation.

Background and Aim:A marital relationship forms the family, and its continuity and survival depend on the marital relationship's continuation and survival. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Self-regulated couple therapy on intimacy and marital adjustment of couples with marital problems.

Materials and Methods:The present study was an applied and quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all couples referred to counseling clinics in 2020. The sample consisted of 30 couples referred to counseling clinics in district 1 of Tehran, selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected through the marital intimacy scale and marital adjustment questionnaire. Data were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance and SPSS.22 software.

Results:The results showed that self-regulated couple therapy was effective in increasing intimacy (P<0.001) and marital adjustment (P<0.001) of couples with marital problems.

Conclusion:Considering that self-regulated couple therapy promotes husband-wife relationships, as a result, its training improves couple relationships and consequently brings adjustment to couples. The couple's communication program has helped incompatible couples to continue their marital relationships again and increase their problem-solving skills to work on their problems in a constructive way.

Background and Aim:Anxiety is one of the issues that humans have always been involved with over time and research suggests that 20 to 65 percent of mothers suffer from depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to determinethe effectiveness of reality therapy-based parenting styles training on realism, stress tolerance and self-esteem of anxious mothers of adolescents.

Materials and Methods:The present study was an applied and semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study included all mothers with children aged 11-16 years in Babol in the first quarter of 2019. The sample consisted of 50 mothers with children aged 11-16 years in Babol who were selected by convenience sampling method and were assigned to two groups of teaching reality therapy parenting methods (25) and control group (25 persons) using cluster sampling method. Data were collected using anxiety questionnaire, realism and stress tolerance scale and self-esteem questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS.22 software.

Results:The results showed that teaching reality therapy-based parenting methods was effective on realism, stress tolerance and self-esteem of anxious mothers (P<0.001).

Conclusion:It can be said that teaching parenting styles based on reality therapy emphasizes on creating and maintaining a good, intimate and satisfactory relationship between parents and children by applying relationship-linking behaviors and refraining from destructive behaviors of relationships.

Background and Aim:Infertility is defined as the absence of pregnancy after one year of adequate and regular intercourse. It is both an individual and social problem that can expose individuals to various psychological and social pressures. The present study was an attempt to predict health-related quality of life in infertile women based on mood and spiritual health and considering the mediating role of feelings of loneliness.

Materials and Methods:The study followed a descriptive (non-experimental) method with correlation and structural equations design. Participants were 348 infertile women in the age range of 18-43 years  living in Tehran who referred to the infertility clinics and centers in Tehran during 2020. Research tools included standard questionnaires and scales delving into the quality of life, alexithymia, social and emotional loneliness, and spiritual health of the participants of the study. Data analysis was performed using SmartPLS software.

Results:The intensity of the effect of alexithymia on health-related quality of life mediated by loneliness was 0.0962 and the intensity of the effect of spiritual health on health-related quality of life mediated by loneliness was 0.1602. Results also showed that the role of loneliness was partial mediation in the sense that mood and spiritual health involved both directly and indirectly, through the feeling of loneliness, in health-related quality of life in infertile women.

Conclusion:it can be concluded that alexithymia and spiritual health are the most important predictors of health-related quality of life in women with infertility and the mediating role of loneliness in this relationship signified the importance of this practical concept..