Comparison of the Effectiveness of Yoga Training Based on Mindfulness and Self-Management on Anxiety Symptomsin Adolescents
International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences,
Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022),
31 May 2022
,
Page 29-37
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijabs.v9i1.35798
Abstract
Background and Aim:Adolescence is one of the most important and at the same time the most stressful and traumatic stages of individuals’ lives. Most of them may experience anxiety during this period. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of yoga training based on mindfulness and self-management on anxiety in adolescents.
Materials and Methods:This experimental study was a pretest-posttest design with a control group and follow-up. The statistical population of this study included all the female high school studentsin Karaj city in 2018-2019 academic year. 45 students were considered as the sample size in two experimental groups (each group of 15 students) and control (15 students). The experimental groups underwent approach yoga training based on mindfulness (12 sessions 90 minutes) and self-management training (12 sessions 90 minutes): but the control group received no training.To collect data Beck anxiety inventory of Beck, Epstein, Brown, and Steer (1988). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni).
Results:The results showed that yoga training based on mindfulness and self-management was effective in decreasing anxiety symptoms in adolescents (P<0.001). The results also showed that the effect of both treatments was lasting until the follow-up stage(P<0.01).
Conclusion:It can be concluded that self-management training has more effectiveness in reducing anxiety. Self-management education has helped to reduce students' anxiety by regulating emotions and managing stress and yoga-based mindfulness training by reducing impulses and stressors through relaxation.
- Adolescents, Anxiety, Mindfulness, Self-Management, Yoga training
How to Cite
References
Popova-Petrosyan E V., Kulanthaivel S, Balasundaram K. Development of Secondary Osteoporosis in Teenage Girls with Menstrual Disorders. Curr Women s Heal Rev. 2020;16(1):26–32.
Atadokht A, Gharagozloo N. The role of depression, anxiety and stress in predicting positive and negative attitudes toward delinquency in male students. Journal of School Psychology, 2018; 7(2): 115-130. (Persian)
Egbe IB, Augustina OO, Itita EV, Patrick AE, Bassey OU. Sexual behaviour and domestic violence among teenage girls in yakurr local government area, cross river state, Nigeria. Acad J Interdiscip Stud. 2020;9(2):101–8.
Bryce CI, Alexander BL, Fraser AM, Fabes RA. Dimensions of hope in adolescence: Relations to academic functioning and well-being. Psychol Sch. 2020;57(2):171–90.
Benner AD, Hou Y, Jackson KM. The Consequences of Friend-Related Stress Across Early Adolescence. J Early Adolesc. 2020;40(2):249–72.
Mewton L, Shaw B, Slade T, Birrell L, Newton NC, Chapman C, et al. The comorbidity between alcohol use and internalising psychopathology in early adolescence. Ment Heal Prev. 2020;17(1): 1-10.
Smith AR, Nelson EE, Kircanski K, Rappaport BI, Do QB, Leibenluft E, et al. Social anxiety and age are associated with neural response to social evaluation during adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2020;42(1): 5-12.
Smith BM, Smith GS, Dymond S. Relapse of anxiety-related fear and avoidance: Conceptual analysis of treatment with acceptance and commitment therapy. J Exp Anal Behav. 2020;113(1):87–104.
Zoellner LA, Ojalehto HJ, Rosencrans P, Walker RW, Garcia NM, Sheikh IS, Bedard-Gilligan MA. Anxiety and fear in PTSD. InEmotion in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 2020 (pp. 43-63). Academic Press.
Dourado DM, Rolim JA, Machado N, De Souza Ahnerth G, Batista EC. Anxiety and Depression in the Caregiver of the Family Member with Mental Disorder. Anxiety. 2020; 3(1): 1-10.
Kuringe E, Materu J, Nyato D, Majani E, Ngeni F, Shao A, Mjungu D, Mtenga B, Nnko S, Kipingili T, Mongi A. Prevalence and correlates of depression and anxiety symptoms among out-of-school adolescent girls and young women in Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2019; 14(8): 5-12.
Obeid S, Saade S, Haddad C, Sacre H, Khansa W, Al Hajj R, et al. Internet Addiction among Lebanese Adolescents: The Role of Self-Esteem, Anger, Depression, Anxiety, Social Anxiety and Fear, Impulsivity, and Aggression - A Cross-Sectional Study. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2019;207(10):838–46.
Davila J, Starr LR, Stroud CB, Li YI. Mood and anxiety disorders. In APA handbook of contemporary family psychology: Applications and broad impact of family psychology, Vol. 2 (pp. 21-36). American Psychological Association. 2019.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5thed.). Washington, DC. American Psychiatric Press. 2013.
Cotton S, Kraemer KM, Sears RW, Strawn JR, Wasson RS, McCune N, et al. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders at-risk for bipolar disorder: A psychoeducation waitlist controlled pilot trial. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2020;14(2):211–9.
Lalande L, King R, Bambling M, Schweitzer RD. An Uncontrolled Clinical Trial of Guided Respiration Mindfulness Therapy (GRMT) in the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety. J Contemp Psychother. 2017;47(4):251–8.
Gallagher MW, Long LJ, Richardson A, D’Souza J, Boswell JF, Farchione TJ, Barlow DH. Examining hope as a transdiagnostic mechanism of change across anxiety disorders and CBT treatment protocols. Behav Ther. 2020; 51(1): 190-202.
Simon E, Driessen S, Lambert A, Muris P. Challenging anxious cognitions or accepting them? Exploring the efficacy of the cognitive elements of cognitive behaviour therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy in the reduction of children’s fear of the dark. Int J Psychol. 2020;55(1):90–7.
Zoogman S, Goldberg SB, Vousoura E, Diamond MC, Miller L. Effect of Yoga-Based Interventions for Anxiety Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Spiritual Clin Pract. 2019; 6(4): 256-266.
Nazem F, Mehrabani S, Jalili M. Investigating Blood Lipid Profile and Insulin Resistance Index in Middle Aged Overweight Women who Do Yoga and Aerobics. JRUMS. 2018; 17(3):187-200. (Persian)
James-Palmer A, Anderson EZ, Zucker L, Kofman Y, Daneault J-F. Yoga as an Intervention for the Reduction of Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Front Pediatr. 2020; 8(2): 78-96.
Janjhua Y, Chaudhary R, Sharma N, Kumar K. A study on effect of yoga on emotional regulation, self-esteem, and feelings of adolescents. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2020;9(7):3381.
Karremans JC, van Schie HT, van Dongen I, Kappen G, Mori G, van As S, Ten Bokkel IM, van der Wal RC. Is mindfulness associated with interpersonal forgiveness?. Emotion. 2020;20(2): 296-303
Emerson LM, de Diaz NN, Sherwood A, Waters A, Farrell L. Mindfulness interventions in schools: Integrity and feasibility of implementation. Int J Behav Dev. 2020;44(1):62–75.
Creswell JD, Lindsay EK, Villalba DK, Chin B. Mindfulness training and physical health: mechanisms and outcomes. Psychosomatic medicine, 2019; 81(3): 224-232.
Goldberg SB, Knoeppel C, Davidson RJ, Flook L. Does practice quality mediate the relationship between practice time and outcome in mindfulness-based stress reduction? J Couns Psychol. 2020;67(1):115–22.
Baslet G, Ehlert A, Oser M, Dworetzky BA. Mindfulness-based therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2020;103(2): 1-10.
Zhang Y, Fu R, Sun L, Gong Y, Tang D. How does exercise improve implicit emotion regulation ability: Preliminary evidence of mind-body exercise intervention combined with aerobic jogging and mindfulness-based yoga. Front Psychol. 2019;10(2): 1888-1892.
Grensman A, Acharya BD, Wändell P, Nilsson GH, Falkenberg T, Sundin Ö, et al. Effect of traditional yoga, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy, on health-related quality of life: A randomized controlled trial on patients on sick leave because of burnout. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018;18(1):80-91.
Ewais T, Begun J, Kenny M, Rickett K, Hay K, Ajilchi B, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of mindfulness-based interventions and yoga in inflammatory bowel disease. Vol. 116, Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2019;116(1): 44-53.
Saeed SA, Cunningham K, Bloch RM. Depression and anxiety disorders: Benefits of exercise, yoga, and meditation. Am Fam Physician. 2019;99(10):620–7.
Kwok JY, Kwan JC, Auyeung M, Mok VC, Lau CK, Choi KC, Chan HY. Effects of mindfulness yoga vs stretching and resistance training exercises on anxiety and depression for people with Parkinson disease: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA neurology. 2019;76(7):755-63.
Tracy EL, Berg CA, Kent de Grey RG, Butner J, Litchman ML, Allen NA, et al. The role of self-regulation failures and self-care in the link between daily sleep quality and blood glucose among adults with type 1 diabetes. Ann Behav Med. 2020;54(4):249–57.
Saidian F, Bagheri F, Nili Ahmadabadi M, Salimi Bajestani H. Codification and effectiveness of instructional plan of self-management with emphasis on components of consciousness and choice on young peoples. Counseling Culture and Psychotherapy, 2017;8(30):131-165. (Persian)
Lök N, Bademli K, Canbaz M. The Effects of Anger Management Education on Adolescents’ Manner of Displaying Anger and Self-Esteem: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2018;32(1):75–81.
Martin F, Clyne W, Pearce G, Turner A. Self-Management Support Intervention for Parents of Children with Developmental Disorders: The Role of Gratitude and Hope. J Child Fam Stud. 2019;28(4):980–92.
Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometrie properties. JConsult Clin Psychol. 1988; 56(6): 893-897.
Høifødt RS, Waterloo K, Wang CE, Eisemann M, Figenschau Y, Halvorsen M. Cortisol levels and cognitive profile in major depression: A comparison of currently and previously depressed patients. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2019; 99(1), 57-65.
Karami J, Bagian M, Momeni K, Elahi A. Measurement of mental pain: Psychometric properties and confirmatory factor analysis of multidimensional mental pain questionnaire. Quarterly Journal of Health Psychology, 2018; 7(25): 146-172.(Persian)
Lemos MF, Lemos‐Neto S V., Barrucand L, Verçosa N, Tibirica E. Preoperative education reduces preoperative anxiety in cancer patients undergoing surgery: Usefulness of the self‐reported Beck anxiety inventory. Brazilian J Anesthesiol. 2019;69(1):1–6.
Pang Z, Tu D, Cai Y. Psychometric properties of the SAS, BAI, and S-AI in Chinese university students. Front Psychol. 2019;10(2): 93-104.
Østergaard T, Lundgren T, Zettle RD, Landrø NI, Haaland VØ. Norwegian Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (NAAQ): A psychometric evaluation. J Context Behav Sci. 2020;15:103–9.
Aghili, S, Afzali, S. The Effect of Yoga Yoga Breathing Exercises on chronic Low Pain, Anxiety, Psychological and Physical Well-being of Women with MS. Quarterly Journal of Health Psychology. 2017;5(20):109-124. (Persian)
Amin R, Bibi Z, Khawar R. Impact of anger management training in reducing anger & aggression among medical students. Rawal Med J. 2018;43(1):151–5.
Evazei S, Karami J, Hatamian P. The Effectiveness of Yoga-Based Mindfulness on Anxiety Reduction and Resiliency Promotion in Middle-aged Women Kermanshah City. IJNR. 2019; 14 (2): 31-37. (Persian)
Sheybani H, Mikaeili N, Narimani M. The Efficacy of Emotion Regulation Training on Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Irritability of the Students with Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder. IJPN. 2018;5(6)37-44. (Persian)
Foroughi AA, Arani AM, Bakhtyari M, Mohammadi A, Habibi M. The Efficacy of Emotion Regulation Therapy (ERT) in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): symptom reduction and improving of emotion regulation and mindfulness skills. International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences. 2016;3(1):1-9.
Dortaj F. The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training on the Fear of Negative Evaluation and Automatic Thoughtsin Female Students. International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences. 2020;7(1):11-23.
Moghaddam M, Hatami M, Baghdassarians A, Sepahmansour M. A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Therapy on Anxiety Sensitivity in patients with Cardiovascular Disease. International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences. 2020;7(1):46-55.
- Abstract Viewed: 109 times
- pdf Downloaded: 62 times