Regeneration, Reconstruction & Restoration (Triple R)

Abstract

Introduction: Reprogramming different cell to neuron have yet remained attractive field in regenerative medicine, so discovery new methods
or improve existing methods could be helpful. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Carbon Nanotube-Gene Interaction in Induction of
Glial Cells to Neuron Cell.

Materials and Methods: Accordingly, we analyzed the transcriptome data of glial and neuron cells to determine the
different gene expression in both groups. Then, based on this transcriptome data, the gene chemical interaction was determined to find the most
important chemical structure which induces glial cell to neurons. Data extract from transcriptome database related rat cerebral cortex cells
generated by RNA sequencing transcriptomic (RNAseq) technique. By comparison neuron against glial cells (astrocyte, oligodenderocyte and
microglia) determined different gene expression. In Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) determined the most important chemical
to interact with this gene set. Then by using genetrail2 database determined mechanism of gene set associated to chemicals and miRNA enriched.

Results: Result determined different chemical with the risk factor and protective factor properties related to 500 genes that enriched in a neuron
in comparison with glial cells. The carbon nanotube is the first important chemicals that interact with 75 genes of 500. Gene ontology analysis
determined the carbon nanotube effect on genes that induce neurogenesis, neurodevelopment, and differentiation. Genetrail2 release the 29
significant miRNAs enriched in gene interacts with carbon nanotube in which miR-34a and miR-449a are the most significant molecules.
Network analysis of these genes represents KIT (tyrosine-protein kinase, CD117), Gria1, Syt1, Rab3c, and Tubb3 have central roles in
neurogenesis by the carbon nanotube.

Conclusion: In sum up, the carbon nanotube is an electrical stimulator that has biocompatibility to
induce glial cell to the neuron which applies as devise lonely or combination with a cell in damage part of the neural tissue.