Acute Kidney Injury in Iranian Children -What Do We Know About It? - Part 2
Journal of Pediatric Nephrology,
Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014),
19 Mordad 2014
,
Page 98-103
https://doi.org/10.22037/jpn.v2i3.6553
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is reversible deterioration of renal function in which waste products accumulate and fluid imbalance occurs. The epidemiology of AKI has been changing over years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of AKI in hospitalized children in Iran. A literature search from March 2000 to March 2014 was conducted through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scholar.google, IranMedex, MagIran, SID, and manual reference search of identified articles. Retrospective and prospective cross-sectional studies with a clear definition of acute kidney injury or failure were included. Seven out of twenty three articles which were found met the criteria. The incidence of AKI declined from 36% (2006-2008) to 15.4% (2010-2011) in the PICU setting of three referral teaching hospitals in Tehran. According to the classification, 10% had pre-renal failure, 86% had intrinsic renal failure, and 4% had post-obstructive uropathy. Follow-up was limited to the days of hospitalization. The overall reported mortality rate was 18% in pediatric departments. Acute glomerulonephritis including hemolytic uremic syndrome was the most common underlying disease (46.5%). Acute tubular necrosis was reported in 33% of the cases. One third of the cases of acute renal failure occurred in children less than two years. The real incidence of acute kidney injury might be higher considering a unified standard definition. Acute glomerulonephritis and acute tubular necrosis comprised the majority of the etiologies.
Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury; Middle East; Iran; Etiology; Child; Incidence; Review Systematic.
How to Cite
References
Hooman N, Nakhaii S, Sharif MR. Update on Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatrics-Part 1. J Ped. Nephrology 2014;2(2):56-62.
Alkandari O, Eddington KA, Hyder A, et al. Acute kidney injury is an independent risk factor for pediatric intensive care unit mortality, longer length of stay and prolonged mechanical ventilation in critically ill children: a two-center retrospective cohort study. Crit Care. 2011 Jun 10;15(3):R146.
Mammen C, Al Abbas A, Skippen P, et al. Long-term risk of CKD in children surviving episodes of acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: a prospective cohort study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Apr;59(4):523-30.
Askenazi DJ, Feig DI, Graham NM, Hui-Stickle S, Goldstein SL. 3-5 year longitudinal follow-up of pediatric patients after acute renal failure. Kidney Int. 2006 Jan;69(1):184-9.
Viaud M, Llanas B, Harambat J. Renal outcome in long-term survivors from severe acute kidney injury in childhood. Pediatr Nephrol. 2012 Jan;27(1):151-2;
Moghtaderi M, Yaghmaii B, Allahwerdi B, et al. Acute Kidney Injury in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis. J Ped. Nephrology 2014;2(2):76-78.
Mohkam M, Tabatabaii S, Bashardoost B, Alaii S. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Acute Renal Failure in PICU Based on RIFLE Scoring System. RJMS. 2010; 17 (73) :62-68.
Hooman N, Mehrazma M, Nakhaii S, Dianati Maleki N, Ehteshamifar A, Comparing uric acid level with RIFLE classification in predicting mortality in pediatric intensive cares unit. 20th International congress of pediatrics. 2008, 19-22 Mehr 1385.Tehran,iran p 60.
Ataei N, Bazargani B, Ameli S, et al. Early detection of acute kidney injury by serum cystatin C in critically ill children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2014 Jan;29(1):133-8.
Gheissari A, Mehrasa P, Merrikhi A, Madihi Y. Acute kidney injury: A pediatric experience over 10 years at a tertiary care center. J Nephropathology. 2012; 1(2):101-108.
Ahmadzadeh A, Hakimzadeh M, Valavi E, Behadram S. Underlying Causes of Acute Renal Failure in Children Admitted to Abuzar Children’s Hospital in Ahvaz. Sci Med J 2010; 9(3):213-219.
Otukesh H, Hoseini R, Hooman N, Chalian M, Chalian H, Tabarroki A. Prognosis of acute renal failure in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2006 Dec;21(12):1873-8.
Derakhshan A, Moadab MH, The etiology of acute renal failure in admitted children in university hospital in Shiraz. Journal of Shahid Saduughi University of Medical Sciences.2002; 10: 23-27.
Krishnamurthy S, Mondal N, Narayanan P, Biswal N, Srinivasan S, Soundravally R. Incidence and etiology of acute kidney injury in southern India. Indian J Pediatr. 2013 Mar;80(3):183-9. doi: 10.1007/s12098-012-0791-z.
Bresolin N, Silva C, Halllal A, Toporovski J, et al. Prognosis for children with acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009 Mar;24(3):537-44. doi: 10.1007/s00467-008-1054-0.
Goldstein SL, Devarajan P. Acute kidney injury in childhood: should we be worried about progression to CKD? Pediatr Nephrol. 2011 Apr;26(4):509-22. doi: 10.1007/s00467-010-1653-4.
Duzova A, Bakkaloglu A, Kalyoncu M, et al. Turkish Society for Pediatric Nephrology Acute Kidney Injury Study Group. Etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2010 Aug;25(8):1453-61. doi:10.1007/s00467-010-1541-y.
Esezobor CI, Ladapo TA, Osinaike B, Lesi FEA. Paediatric Acute Kidney Injury in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: Prevalence, Causes and Mortality Rate. PLoSONE2012;7(12):e51229.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051229.
Ademola AD, Asinobi AO, Ogunkunle OO, Yusuf BN, Ojo OE. Peritoneal dialysis in childhood acute kidney injury: experience in southwest Nigeria. Perit Dial Int. 2012 May-Jun;32(3):267-72. doi: 10.3747/pdi.2011.00275.
Bhattacharya M, Dhingra D, Mantan M, Upare S, Sethi GR. Acute renal failure in children in a tertiary care center. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2013 Mar;24(2):413-7.
Sepahi MA, Shajari A, Shakiba M, Shooshtary FK, Salimi MH. Acute glomerulonephritis: a 7 years follow up of children in center of Iran. Acta Med Iran. 2011;49(6):375-8.
Gheissari A, Adjodani TS, Hashemi M, Mokhtarian A, Sirous M. Outcome of Iranian children with mild post streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2010 May;21(3):571-4.
Hooman N, Otoukesh H, Irandoost S. Correlation of the Severity of Initial Clinical and Laboratory Findings with Prognosis in Children with Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis in Ali Asgar Children’s Hospital . RJMS. 2007; 14 (54) :209-215.
Hooman, N, Otoukesh H, Fargah, F. Does Antibiotic Reduce the Severity of Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis?. RJMS. 2007; 14 (56) :219-224.
Otukesh H, Hoseini R, Golnari P, et al. Short-term and long-term outcome of hemolytic uremic syndrome in Iranian children. J Nephrol. 2008 Sep-Oct;21(5):694-703.
Hooman N, Otukesh H, Delshad S, Farhood P. Surgical complications of hemolytic uremic syndrome: Single center experiences. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2007;12:129-32.
Mehrazma M, Hooman N, Otukesh H. Prognostic value of renal pathological findings in children with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Iran J Kidney Dis. 2011 Nov;5(6):380-5.
Arjmandi-Rafsanjani K, Hooman N, Vosoug P. Renal function in late survivors of Iranian children with cancer: Single centre experience. Indian J Cancer 2008 ;45:154-7.
Ghani AA, Al Helal B, Hussain N. Acute renal failure in pediatric patients: Etiology and predictors of outcome. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2009;20:69-76.
Vachvanichsanong P, Dissaneewate P, Lim A, McNeil E. Childhood acute renal failure: 22-year experience in a university hospital in southern Thailand. Pediatrics. 2006 Sep;118(3):e786-91.
Hooman N, Mehrazma M, Nakhaii S, et al. The Value of Serum Uric Acid as a Mortality Prediction in Critically Ill Children Iran J Pediatr. 2010; 20(3): 323–329.
Hooman N, Otukesh H. Single dose of rasburicase for treatment of hyperuricemia in acute kidney injury: a report of 3 cases. Iran J Kidney Dis. 2011;5(2):130-2.
Cerdá J, Bagga A, Kher V, Chakravarthi RM. The contrasting characteristics of acute kidney injury in developed and developing countries. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2008 Mar;4(3):138-53.
- Abstract Viewed: 349 times
- PDF Downloaded: 8008 times