Renal Complications Due to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pediatric Population
Journal of Pediatric Nephrology,
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022),
1 October 2022
,
Page 59-66
https://doi.org/10.22037/jpn.v10i2.37615
Abstract
Background and Aim: COVID-19 pandemic originated in Wuhan City, China, in 2019.
The disease spectrum ranges from asymptomatic to severe respiratory failure leading
to death. Although in a lower percentage, pediatric patients also have complications,
not only pulmonary but also systemic, affecting other organs. This article aims to study
the renal involvement of pediatric patients infected by the Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Methods: We designed a retrospective observational cohort study of patients
hospitalized in the emergency department and intensive care unit of a tertiary medical
facility hospital Infantil de México Federico Gomez in Mexico City, from March 1,
2020, to May 16, 2021. The inclusion criteria included patients younger than 18 years
who had a positive Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test or
a positive rapid antigen test of nasopharyngeal sample for SARS-CoV-2 at admission.
Results: We included 165 patients, of whom 29(17.6%) patients developed renal
complications during hospitalization. In these patients, 12(41.3%) patients developed
proteinuria, 10(34.5%) developed any type of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), i.e., Acute
Kidney Injury Network (AKIN-1) in 26.6%, AKIN-2 in 40% and AKIN-3 in 33.3%.
Also, 5(17.2%) patients had arterial hypertension, 2(6.9%) required renal replacement
therapy, 4(13.8%) had hematuria. Only 1(3.4%) patient had developed rapidly
progressive glomerulonephritis.
Conclusion: COVID-19 infection within its spectrum can cause kidney disease; the
most common complications are proteinuria and AKI. Older age and admission to the
intensive care unit are risk factors for kidney damage.
- SARS-CoV-2
- Kidney Disease
- Pediatrics
- México
- Complication
How to Cite
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