The The Photobiomodulation Effect of 940nm Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis in Human Root Dentin Slices of Varying Thicknesses Enterococcus Faecalis Photobiomodulation Through Dentin Slices
Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences,
Vol. 12 (2021),
13 February 2021
,
Page e48
Abstract
Introduction: An increase in dentine thickness could result in an inadequate depth of laser energy penetration. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 940 nm laser on Enterococcus faecalis through varying thicknesses of human root dentin slices.
Methods: Thirty-five dentin slices of root dentin with thicknesses ranging between 500 and 3000 µm were produced. Six experimental groups (500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 µm (n=5 each) were lased and the seventh, non-lased group served as the positive control with a dentine thickness of 2000 µm. The slices were inoculated with 2 µL of E. faecalis suspension of 1.5 × 108 E. faecalis cells/mL. All the lased slices were lased from the opposing side of the inoculation. A non-initiated 200 μm bare end fiber at the power of 1 W, in a continuous wave, was used. Four doses of laser irradiation of 5 seconds with a side-to-side movement with the tip held at a 5º angle to the dentine slice were performed. The colony-forming units of E. faecalis were determined and the bacterial photobiomodulation effect analysed using one-way ANOVA with a Bonferroni and Holm post hoc test at a significance level of P>0.05.
Results: There were statistical differences between the dentin slices of 500, 1000, and 1500 μm treated with the laser compared to the positive control (P<0.01). However, there were no statistical differences between the lased 2000 and 2500 μm slices compared to the positive control. There was significantly more photobiomodulation of the E. faecalis for the dentine slices of 3000 μm than the positive control (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Laser treatment through dentine slices of 2000 μm and thinner significantly reduced bacterial growth. The photobiomodulation effects started to occur in dentine slices thicker than 2500 μm compared to the positive control.
- Laser; Enterococcus faecalis; Dentine thickness; 940 nm; Photobiomodulation
How to Cite
References
Haapasalo M, Ørstavik D. In vitro Infection and Disinfection of Dentinal Tubules. J Dent Res. 1987;66(8):1375-1379. doi:10.1177/00220345870660081801.
Vatkar NA, Hegde V, Sathe S. Vitality of Enterococcus faecalis inside dentinal tubules after five root canal disinfection methods. J Conserv Dent. 2016;19(5):445-449. doi:10.4103/0972-0707.190019.
George S, Kishen A, Song KP. The role of environmental changes on monospecies biofilm formation on root canal wall by Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod. 2005;31(12):867-872. doi:10.1097/01.don.0000164855.98346.fc.
Siqueira JF, Rôças IN, Alves FRF, Santos KRN. Selected endodontic pathogens in the apical third of infected root canals: A molecular investigation. J Endod. 2004;30(9):638-643. doi:10.1097/01.don.0000125875.88377.85.
Klinke T, Klimm W, Gutknecht N. Antibacterial effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation within root canal dentin. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 1997;15(1):29-31. doi:10.1089/clm.1997.15.29.
Schoop U, Kluger W, Moritz A, Nedjelik N, Georgopoulos A, Sperr W. Bactericidal effect of different laser systems in the deep layers of dentin. Lasers Surg Med. 2004;35(2):111-116. doi:10.1002/lsm.20026.
Gutknecht N, Hassan N Al, Martins RM, Conrads G, Franzen R. Bactericidal effect of 445-nm blue diode laser in the root canal dentin on Enterococcus faecalis of human teeth. Lasers Dent Sci. 2018;2:247-254. doi:10.1186/s12903-018-0611-6.
Lee BS, Lin YW, Chia JS, et al. Bactericidal effects of diode laser on Streptococcus mutans after irradiation through different thickness of dentin. Lasers Surg Med. 2006;38(1):62-69. doi:10.1002/lsm.20279.
American Association of Endodontists. Guide to Clinical Endodontics. 6th Edition. Chicago; 2016. https://www.aae.org/specialty/clinical-resources/guide-clinical-endodontics/
Boschetti E, Silva-Sousa YTC, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Leoni GB, Versiani MA, Pécora JD, Saquy PC, Sousa-Neto MD. Micro-CT Evaluation of Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular First Premolars with Radicular Grooves. Braz Dent J. 2017;28(5):597-603. doi:10.1590/0103-6440201601784.
Hmud R, Kahler WA, Walsh LJ. Temperature changes accompanying near-infrared diode laser endodontic treatment of wet canals. J Endod. 2010;36(5):908-911. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.01.007.
Naidoo S, Mulder R. The use of laser-based technologies in dentistry: Ethical issues and safety considerations. S Afr Dent J. 2015;70(10):464-466.
Anderson AC, Jonas D, Huber I, et al. Enterococcus faecalis from food, clinical specimens, and oral sites: Prevalence of virulence factors in association with biofilm formation. Front Microbiol. 2016;6:1534. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01534.
Gutknecht N, Moritz A, Conrads G, Sievert T, Lampert F. Bactericidal effect of the Nd: YAG laser in vitro root canals. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 1996;14(2):77-80. doi:10.1089/clm.1996.14.77.
Gutknecht N, Franzen R, Schippers M, Lampert F. Bactericidal Effect of a 980-nm Diode Laser in the Root Canal Wall Dentin of Bovine Teeth. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 2004;22(1):9-13. doi:10.1089/104454704773660912.
Dworkin M. Endogenous photosensitization in a carotinoidless mutant of Rhodopseudomonas spheroids. J Gen Physiol. 1958;43:1099-1112.
- Abstract Viewed: 408 times
- PDF Downloaded: 229 times