Investigating the Relationship between Blood Group and the Severity, Complications, and Mortality of COVID-19
Student Research in Translational Medicine,
Vol. 7 (2025),
1 March 2025
,
Page 1-8
https://doi.org/10.22037/srtm.v7.49309
Abstract
Background and Aim: The association between blood groups and susceptibility to certain infectious diseases has been previously explored. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ABO and Rh blood groups and the severity, complications, and mortality of COVID-19.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2021, 632 patients aged over 18 years hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 (positive PCR) at Masih Daneshvari Hospital were enrolled. After obtaining consent, their ABO and Rh blood groups were determined. Disease severity was classified as moderate, severe, or critical based on the lowest recorded oxygen saturation in room air. Data on the highest disease severity during hospitalization, acute renal failure, ICU admission, and mortality were collected without interfering with treatment.
Results: His most prevalent blood type was A+ (192 patients, 30.4%), while the least common was AB- (4 patients, 0.6%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between the A- blood group and disease severity. Specifically, 46.2% of A- patients required ICU admission, compared to 27.9% of patients with other blood groups (P-value= 0.044; OR=2.216, 95% CI: 1.005-4.890). Furthermore, the incidence of acute renal failure was significantly higher in A+ patients (19.8%) compared to others (13.6%) (P-value=0.049; OR=1.56, 95% CI: 0.999-2.455).
Conclusion: The A- blood group was associated with increased COVID-19 severity, indicated by a higher rate of ICU admission. The A+ blood group was linked to a greater incidence of acute renal failure. However, no significant relationship was found between any ABO or Rh blood group and mortality.
- Blood group
- Coronavirus
- COVID-19
- Mortality
- Severity
How to Cite
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