The Effect of 8 Weeks Shallow and Deep Water Exercises on Static Balance and Dynamic Balance of Elderly Women
SOREN Student Sports & Health Open Researches e-Journal: New-Approaches,
Vol. 2 No. 1 (1400),
11 June 2021
,
Page 31-37
https://doi.org/10.22037/soren.v2i1.34276
Abstract
Background and aim: Aging is a biological phenomenon that manifests in the way of organism lives and its psychological, social status over time; therefore, paying attention to the needs of this stage of life is a social necessity. The goal of this research was to evaluate the effect of the 8-week exercise therapy in water in two different depths on static and dynamic balance in elderly women.
Methods: The research was semi-experimental. Forty-five elderly women were selected from district 1 of Tehran, who after taking a pre-test in static and dynamic balance variables were randomly divided into three groups of exercises in the deep part (N=15), exercises in the shallow part (N=15), and a control group (N=15). After dividing the subjects into relevant groups, the participants performed the relevant exercises for 8 weeks, and at the end, all subjects underwent post-test experiments. The research data were statistically analyzed by the paired (t) test and the covariance analysis test.
Results: The results showed that after doing exercise therapy interventions in water, there was a significant improvement in static and dynamic balance in the two intervention groups in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). Also, there was no significant difference in the static and dynamic balance between the two exercise therapies in deep and shallow water (P>0.05), and both groups equally improved static and dynamic balance in elderly women.
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, exercise therapy in water can be considered as one of the methods to improve static and dynamic balance in the elderly.
- Therapeutic Exercise in Water
- Elderly
- Static and Dynamic Balance
How to Cite
References
Lunenfeld B. The ageing male: demographics and challenges. World Journal of Urology. 2002;1;20(1):11-6.
Aslankhani MA, Farsi A, Abodoli B, Sani SHZ, Fathi Z. Identifying elderly people at risk of falling out, by equilibrium tests under dual duty conditions. Iranian Journal of Aging. 2009;4(12):7-15.
You SH. Effect of multisensory intervention on locomotor function in older adults with a history of frequent falls. Physical Therapy Korea. 2004;11(4):51-60.
Gregg EW, Pereira MA, Caspersen CJ. Physical activity, falls, and fractures among older adults: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2000;48(8):883-893.
Demura SI, Kitabayashi T, Aoki H. Body‐sway characteristics during a static upright posture in the elderly. Geriatrics & gerontology international. 2008;8(3):188-197.
Mansfield A, Peters AL, Liu BA, Maki BE, Horak FB, King LA. Effect of a perturbation-based balance training program on compensatory stepping and grasping reactions in older adults: a randomized controlled trial/invited commentary/author response. Physical therapy. 2010; 90(4):476.
Rogers ME, Rogers NL, Takeshima N, Islam MM. Methods to assess and improve the physical parameters associated with fall risk in older adults. Preventive Medicine. 2003;36(3):255-264.
Lund H, Weile U, Christensen R, Rostock B, Downey A, Bartels EM, Bliddal H. A randomized controlled trial of aquatic and land-based exercise in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2008;40(2):137-144.
Genuario SE, Vegso JJ. The use of a swimming pool in the rehabilitation and reconditioning of athletic injuries. Contemporary Orthopaedics. 1990;20(4):381-387.
Roth AE, Miller MG, Ricard M, Ritenour D, Chapman BL. Comparisons of static and dynamic balance following training in aquatic and land environments. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation. 2006;15(4):299-311.
Tavakol A, Daneshjoo A, Sahebozamani M. Effect of six weeks shallow and deep water exercises on static balance and pain of girls with patellofemoral pain. J Rehab Med. 2016;5(3):111-118.
Zamanian F, Vesalinaseh M, Nourollahnajafabadi M, Asadysaravi S, Haghighi M, Najafabad I. Comparison of the effects of aquatic exercise in shallow and deep water on Postural Control in elderly women with chronic knee Osteoarthritis. Life Sci J. 2012;9:5768-5771.
Sadeghi H, Noori SH. Reliability assessment of functional balance tests in endomorph healthy women 24-34 years old. J Rehab Med. 2016;5(4):1-15.
Ahmadi R, Daneshmandi H. The relationship between intelligent quotient with dynamic balance in intellectual disability children. Exceptional Education. 2015;2(130): 31-36.
Chan K, Phadke CP, Stremler D, Suter L, Pauley T, Ismail F, Boulias C. The effect of water-based exercises on balance in persons post-stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation. 2017;24(4):228-235.
Sanders ME, Islam MM, Naruse A, Takeshima N, Rogers ME. Aquatic exercise for better living on land: impact of shallow-water exercise on older japanese women for performance of activities of daily living (ADL). International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education. 2016;10(1):1.
Zamanian F, Vesalinaseh M, Nourollahnajafabadi M, Asadysaravi S, Haghighi M, Najafabad I. Comparison of the effects of aquatic exercise in shallow and deep water on Postural Control in elderly women with chronic knee Osteoarthritis. Life Sci J. 2012;9:5768-5771.
Cuesta-Vargas AI, Adams N, Salazar J, Belles A, Hazañas S, Arroyo-Morales M. Deep water running and general practice in primary care for non-specific low back pain versus general practice alone: randomized controlled trial. Clinical rheumatology. 2012;31(7):1073-8.
Katsura Y, Yoshikawa T, Ueda SY, Usui T, Sotobayashi D, Nakao H, Fujimoto S. Effects of aquatic exercise training using water-resistance equipment in elderly. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2010;108(5):957-964.
Moradi Y, Behpoor N, Ghaeeni S, Shamsakohan P. Effects of 8 weeks aquatic exercise on static balance in veterans with unilateral lower limb amputation. Iran J War Public Health. 2014;6(2):27-34.
Yalfani A, Sharifi M, Raeisi Z. A comparison between two methods of exercise in water and land to improve pain, function, static and dynamic balance in patients with chronic ankle sprain. Journal of Sport Medicine. 2015;7(2):191-175.
Punakallio A. Balance abilities of workers in physically demanding jobs: With special reference to firefighters of different ages. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2005;4(8):1-47.
Gribble P. The star excursion balance test as a measurement tool. Athletic Therapy Today. 2003;8(2):46-7.
Era P, Heikkinen E. Postural sway during standing and unexpected disturbance of balance in random samples of men of different ages. Journal of Gerontology. 1985;40(3):287-95.
Winter DA. Biomechanics and motor control of human movement: John Wiley & Sons; 2009.
Edington DW ER. Biology of physical activity. Tehran: SAMT; 2010.
Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott M. Motor control- theory and practical applications. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins. 1995;3-43.
Shumway-Cook A, Gruber W, Baldwin M, Liao S. The effect of multidimensional exercises on balance, mobility, and fall risk in community-dwelling older adults. Physical Therapy. 1997;77(1):46-57.
- Abstract Viewed: 144 times
- pdf (فارسی) Downloaded: 53 times