Comparison of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion-focused therapy on anxiety sensitivity in cardiac patients
International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences,
Vol. 7 No. 3 (2020),
1 September 2020
,
Page 13-24
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijabs.v7i3.31482
Abstract
Introduction: The role of anxiety sensitivity in the clinical course of many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, has been confirmed, which can cause and develop a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy on Anxiety Sensitivity in cardiac patients . Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population was all patients referred to Dr. Heshmat Rasht hospital during February to March 2019. Sampling method was used to select the samples and then the samples were randomly divided into two experimental and one control group. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance by SPSS software, version 25.Results: outcomes showed that acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion focused therapy were effective on Anxiety sensitivity(P = 0.000). also the results of the covariance showed that, there was a significant difference between the groups' adjusted averages for Anxiety sensitivity (ETA=0.910, P = 0.000, F(2,41)= 208.387). In other words, there is a significant difference between the two experimental methods on Anxiety sensitivity in cardiac patients (acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion-focused therapy) with the control group. Conclusions: Anxiety sensitivity plays a predisposing, accelerating, and sustaining role in cardiovascular disease, and training in the above treatments can play an important role as adjunctive and rehabilitation therapy alongside medical treatments.
Keywords:
- Acceptance and commitment therapy, Emotion focused therapy, Anxiety sensitivity, cardiovascular disease
How to Cite
Aghel Masjedi, M., Khalatbari, J., Abolghasemi, S. ., tizdast, T. ., & Kheir Khah, J. . (2020). Comparison of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion-focused therapy on anxiety sensitivity in cardiac patients. International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences, 7(3), 13–24. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijabs.v7i3.31482
References
References
1. Safarzafegan, N., Mohammadifard, N. (2019). Cardiovascular Disease in Iran in the last 40 years: prevalence, Mortality, Morbidity, challenges and strategies for cardiovascular prevention. Arc Iran Med, 22(4): 204-210.
2. Chandrababu, R., Rathinasamy, E.L., suresh, C., Ramesh, J. (2019). Effectiveness of reflexology on anxiety of patients undergoing cardiovascular international procedures: A sgstematic review and meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Adv Nurs, 75: 43-62.
3. Begjamin et al. (2019). Heart Disease and stroke statistics 2019 update (A Report from the American Heart Association).Circulation. 139: e 56- e528. Dol: 10. 1161/CIR00000000000659.
4. Arnett, D. K., Blumenthal, R. S., Albert, M.A., Buroker, A. B., Goldberger, Z. D., et.al. (2019). 2019ACC/AHA Guideline on the primary prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. A Report of the American College of cardiology/ American Heart Association Task force on clinical practice Guidelines. 1-98. http://www.ahajournals.org/Journal/circ.
5. Kessler, R.C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R ., Merikangas, K. R., Walters, E.E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence of age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(3); 593-602.
6. McNally, R.J. (2002). Anxiety sensitivity and panic disorder.Biological psychiatry, 52, 938-946.
7. Deacon Brett, J., Jonathan, S., Carol, M., David, F. (2003). The anxiety sensitivity Index – Revised: psychometric properties and factor structure in two nonclinical samples. Behavior Research and therapy, 41: 1427-1449.
8. Zafar, M.U. et al. (2010). Anxiety is a better predictor of platelet reactivity in coronary artery disease patients than depression. Oxford Journal. Eurouq eaw Heart Journal, 31 (93): 1573-1582.
9. Hayes,. S.C., Luoma, J.B, Bond, F.W., Masuda, A., Lillis, J.(2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behav Res Ther, 44(1): 1-25.
10.Zargar Y, Hakimzadeh G, Davodi I.
(2019) The Effectiveness of
Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy on Hypertension and
Emotion CognitiveRegulation in
People with Hypertension: A Semi
Experiential Study, Jundishapur J
Chronic Dis Care. Online ahead of
Print.8(2): e79347.
11.Baradaran, M., Zare, H.,Alipour,A.,
Farzad, V. (2016). Effectiveness of
Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy (ACT) on cognitive fusion
and physical
Health Indicators in essential
Hypertensive patients. JCP, 4(1 and 2):
1- 9.
12. Pos, A.E, Greenberg, L.S. (2007).
Emotion focused therapy: The
Transformin power of affect. J contemp
Psycother, 37(1): 25-36.
13. Greenberg, L.S.(2010). Emotion
focused therapy: A clinical synthesis. J
lifelong learning psych, 8(1).
14. Goldman, R., Greenberg, L.( 2019).
Formulation of references in Emotion
Circuit Therapy. [Fazeli Sani F,
Khalatbari J, trans]. Tehran: Roshd
Culture Pub.
15. Greenberg, L.S., Watson, J.C.(2006).
Emotion focused therapy for depression
Washington: American psychological
Association.
16. Rahnama, M., Sajjadian, I., Raoufi, A.
(2017). The Effectiveness of
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
on Psychological Distress and
Medication Adherence of
Coronary Heart Patients. IJPN,
5(4): 34-43.
17. Anvari, M., Ebrahimi A, Neshatdoost
H, Afshar, H., Abed, A.(2014). The
effectiveness of Group- Based
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
on Pain Related Anxiety. Acceptance of
pain and pain intensity in patients with
chronic pain. J Isfahan Med sch
(I.U.M.S), 32(259): 1-10.
18. Fayazbakhsh, E., Mansouri, A. (2019).
Effectiveness of acceptance and
commitment therapy on intolerance of
uncertainty, experiential avoidance, and
symptoms of generalized anxiety
disorder in individuals with Type II
diabetes. Int Arch Health sci,
6(1): 30-35.
19. Beutel, M.E., Greenberg, L., Lane,
R.D., subic-wrana, C. . (2019).
Treating anxiety disorders by emotion-
focused psychodynamic
psychotherapy (EFPP)- An integrative,
trandiagnostic approach. Clin Psychol
Psychother, 26(1): 1-13.
20. Mikaeili, N., Molavi, P., Eyni, S.,
Taghavi, R.(2017). Effectiveness of
Emotion Focused Therapy on
Emotional Dysregulation,
Hopelessness and Suicidal Ideation in
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Veterans. Iran J War Pub Health,
9(3): 111-117
21. Nourizadeh Mirabadi, M., Khastari, S.,
Shirmardi, S., Khosravi faregh, A.
(2017).The Effectiveness of Emotion-
Based Intervention on Cognitive
Regulatory and Emotional Adjustment
Strategies in Patients with Coronary
Artery Disease. J Mod Ad Behav Sci,
2(10):1- 13.
22. Pasandideh, M.M., Zare, L.(2016).
Evaluation of the dimensions of
psychological well- being, resilience
and humor in coronary heart disease
patients and healthy individuals. J
Health Psychol, 5(20): 88-108.
23. Taylor, S., Cox, J. (1998). An expanded
anxiety sensitivity index; p evidence
for a hiararachic structure in a clinical
sample, J Anxiety Disorder, 12: 463-
483.
24. Moradi Manesh, F., Mirjafari,
S. A., Goodarzi, M.A.,Mohammadi,
Nourollah. (2007).
Investigating the Psychometric
Properties of the Revised Anxiety
Sensitivity Index. Journal of
Psychology, 11 (4): 446-426.
25. Naghavi, M., Asadpour, E., Kasaee, A.
(2020). The Effectiveness of Group
Counselling based on Acceptance and
Commitment Therapy on Increasing
Psychological Flexibility and Marital
Intimacy of Infertile Women. Quarterly
Journal of Health Psychology,8(4),32,
105-126.
26. Mohammadi,S. Y. & Soufi, A. (2020).
The Effectiveness of Acceptance and
Commitment Treatment on Quality of
Life and Perceived Stress in Cancer
Patients. Quarterly Journal of Health
Psychology, 8(4),32, 57-72.
27. Arjmand Ghujur1, K., Mahmoud
Aliloo, M., Khanjani, Z., Bakhshipour,
A.(2020). Effectiveness of Acceptance
and Commitment Therapy in Reduction
of Craving and Lapse
Methamphetamine Addict Patients.
Quarterly Journal of Health
Psychology, 8(4),32, 41-56.
28. Katjaa, B., Martinb, S., Hugoc, H., Ida,
K.a. F., Björnb, G., Steven, L. (2019).
International Association for the Study
ofPain, 160( 8): 1708-1718
29. Beasley, c., Ager, r. (2019).
Emotionally Focused Couples
Therapy: A Systematic Review of Its
Effectiveness over the past 19 Years.
Journal ofEvidence-Based Social
Work, 16(2):144-159.
30. Waltz, T.J., Hayes, S.C.(2015).
Acceptance and commitment therapy
[Seif AA, trans]. Tehran: Didar Pub.
31. Hokm Abadi, M.E., Bigdeli, I., Asadi, J., Asghari Ebrahim Abad, M. J.(2016).
Effectiveness of Acceptance and
Commitment Therapy on Type D
Personality and Follow-up in Coronary
Heart Disease: The Moderating Role of
Working Memory and Prospective
Memory. J Health Psychol, 6(24):
138-161.
32.Elliott, R., Watson, J.,Goldman, R.,
Greenberg, L. (2013). Emotional therapy
training. [Ramazan MA, Jamshidneghad
N, trans]. Tehran: Arasbaran Pub.
33. Timulak, L.(2017). Transforming
emotional pain in psychotherapy
[Ramezani MR, Heidari S, trans].
Tehran: Tazkieh.
.
34. Babaei Gharmkhani, M., rasouli, M.,
Davarniya, R.(2017). The Effect of
Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy
(EFCT) on Reducing Marital Stress of
Married Couples. Zanko J Med Sci.;
18(56): 56-69.
References
1. Safarzafegan, N., Mohammadifard, N. (2019). Cardiovascular Disease in Iran in the last 40 years: prevalence, Mortality, Morbidity, challenges and strategies for cardiovascular prevention. Arc Iran Med, 22(4): 204-210.
2. Chandrababu, R., Rathinasamy, E.L., suresh, C., Ramesh, J. (2019). Effectiveness of reflexology on anxiety of patients undergoing cardiovascular international procedures: A sgstematic review and meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Adv Nurs, 75: 43-62.
3. Begjamin et al. (2019). Heart Disease and stroke statistics 2019 update (A Report from the American Heart Association).Circulation. 139: e 56- e528. Dol: 10. 1161/CIR00000000000659.
4. Arnett, D. K., Blumenthal, R. S., Albert, M.A., Buroker, A. B., Goldberger, Z. D., et.al. (2019). 2019ACC/AHA Guideline on the primary prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. A Report of the American College of cardiology/ American Heart Association Task force on clinical practice Guidelines. 1-98. http://www.ahajournals.org/Journal/circ.
5. Kessler, R.C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R ., Merikangas, K. R., Walters, E.E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence of age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(3); 593-602.
6. McNally, R.J. (2002). Anxiety sensitivity and panic disorder.Biological psychiatry, 52, 938-946.
7. Deacon Brett, J., Jonathan, S., Carol, M., David, F. (2003). The anxiety sensitivity Index – Revised: psychometric properties and factor structure in two nonclinical samples. Behavior Research and therapy, 41: 1427-1449.
8. Zafar, M.U. et al. (2010). Anxiety is a better predictor of platelet reactivity in coronary artery disease patients than depression. Oxford Journal. Eurouq eaw Heart Journal, 31 (93): 1573-1582.
9. Hayes,. S.C., Luoma, J.B, Bond, F.W., Masuda, A., Lillis, J.(2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behav Res Ther, 44(1): 1-25.
10.Zargar Y, Hakimzadeh G, Davodi I.
(2019) The Effectiveness of
Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy on Hypertension and
Emotion CognitiveRegulation in
People with Hypertension: A Semi
Experiential Study, Jundishapur J
Chronic Dis Care. Online ahead of
Print.8(2): e79347.
11.Baradaran, M., Zare, H.,Alipour,A.,
Farzad, V. (2016). Effectiveness of
Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy (ACT) on cognitive fusion
and physical
Health Indicators in essential
Hypertensive patients. JCP, 4(1 and 2):
1- 9.
12. Pos, A.E, Greenberg, L.S. (2007).
Emotion focused therapy: The
Transformin power of affect. J contemp
Psycother, 37(1): 25-36.
13. Greenberg, L.S.(2010). Emotion
focused therapy: A clinical synthesis. J
lifelong learning psych, 8(1).
14. Goldman, R., Greenberg, L.( 2019).
Formulation of references in Emotion
Circuit Therapy. [Fazeli Sani F,
Khalatbari J, trans]. Tehran: Roshd
Culture Pub.
15. Greenberg, L.S., Watson, J.C.(2006).
Emotion focused therapy for depression
Washington: American psychological
Association.
16. Rahnama, M., Sajjadian, I., Raoufi, A.
(2017). The Effectiveness of
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
on Psychological Distress and
Medication Adherence of
Coronary Heart Patients. IJPN,
5(4): 34-43.
17. Anvari, M., Ebrahimi A, Neshatdoost
H, Afshar, H., Abed, A.(2014). The
effectiveness of Group- Based
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
on Pain Related Anxiety. Acceptance of
pain and pain intensity in patients with
chronic pain. J Isfahan Med sch
(I.U.M.S), 32(259): 1-10.
18. Fayazbakhsh, E., Mansouri, A. (2019).
Effectiveness of acceptance and
commitment therapy on intolerance of
uncertainty, experiential avoidance, and
symptoms of generalized anxiety
disorder in individuals with Type II
diabetes. Int Arch Health sci,
6(1): 30-35.
19. Beutel, M.E., Greenberg, L., Lane,
R.D., subic-wrana, C. . (2019).
Treating anxiety disorders by emotion-
focused psychodynamic
psychotherapy (EFPP)- An integrative,
trandiagnostic approach. Clin Psychol
Psychother, 26(1): 1-13.
20. Mikaeili, N., Molavi, P., Eyni, S.,
Taghavi, R.(2017). Effectiveness of
Emotion Focused Therapy on
Emotional Dysregulation,
Hopelessness and Suicidal Ideation in
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Veterans. Iran J War Pub Health,
9(3): 111-117
21. Nourizadeh Mirabadi, M., Khastari, S.,
Shirmardi, S., Khosravi faregh, A.
(2017).The Effectiveness of Emotion-
Based Intervention on Cognitive
Regulatory and Emotional Adjustment
Strategies in Patients with Coronary
Artery Disease. J Mod Ad Behav Sci,
2(10):1- 13.
22. Pasandideh, M.M., Zare, L.(2016).
Evaluation of the dimensions of
psychological well- being, resilience
and humor in coronary heart disease
patients and healthy individuals. J
Health Psychol, 5(20): 88-108.
23. Taylor, S., Cox, J. (1998). An expanded
anxiety sensitivity index; p evidence
for a hiararachic structure in a clinical
sample, J Anxiety Disorder, 12: 463-
483.
24. Moradi Manesh, F., Mirjafari,
S. A., Goodarzi, M.A.,Mohammadi,
Nourollah. (2007).
Investigating the Psychometric
Properties of the Revised Anxiety
Sensitivity Index. Journal of
Psychology, 11 (4): 446-426.
25. Naghavi, M., Asadpour, E., Kasaee, A.
(2020). The Effectiveness of Group
Counselling based on Acceptance and
Commitment Therapy on Increasing
Psychological Flexibility and Marital
Intimacy of Infertile Women. Quarterly
Journal of Health Psychology,8(4),32,
105-126.
26. Mohammadi,S. Y. & Soufi, A. (2020).
The Effectiveness of Acceptance and
Commitment Treatment on Quality of
Life and Perceived Stress in Cancer
Patients. Quarterly Journal of Health
Psychology, 8(4),32, 57-72.
27. Arjmand Ghujur1, K., Mahmoud
Aliloo, M., Khanjani, Z., Bakhshipour,
A.(2020). Effectiveness of Acceptance
and Commitment Therapy in Reduction
of Craving and Lapse
Methamphetamine Addict Patients.
Quarterly Journal of Health
Psychology, 8(4),32, 41-56.
28. Katjaa, B., Martinb, S., Hugoc, H., Ida,
K.a. F., Björnb, G., Steven, L. (2019).
International Association for the Study
ofPain, 160( 8): 1708-1718
29. Beasley, c., Ager, r. (2019).
Emotionally Focused Couples
Therapy: A Systematic Review of Its
Effectiveness over the past 19 Years.
Journal ofEvidence-Based Social
Work, 16(2):144-159.
30. Waltz, T.J., Hayes, S.C.(2015).
Acceptance and commitment therapy
[Seif AA, trans]. Tehran: Didar Pub.
31. Hokm Abadi, M.E., Bigdeli, I., Asadi, J., Asghari Ebrahim Abad, M. J.(2016).
Effectiveness of Acceptance and
Commitment Therapy on Type D
Personality and Follow-up in Coronary
Heart Disease: The Moderating Role of
Working Memory and Prospective
Memory. J Health Psychol, 6(24):
138-161.
32.Elliott, R., Watson, J.,Goldman, R.,
Greenberg, L. (2013). Emotional therapy
training. [Ramazan MA, Jamshidneghad
N, trans]. Tehran: Arasbaran Pub.
33. Timulak, L.(2017). Transforming
emotional pain in psychotherapy
[Ramezani MR, Heidari S, trans].
Tehran: Tazkieh.
.
34. Babaei Gharmkhani, M., rasouli, M.,
Davarniya, R.(2017). The Effect of
Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy
(EFCT) on Reducing Marital Stress of
Married Couples. Zanko J Med Sci.;
18(56): 56-69.
1. Safarzafegan, N., Mohammadifard, N. (2019). Cardiovascular Disease in Iran in the last 40 years: prevalence, Mortality, Morbidity, challenges and strategies for cardiovascular prevention. Arc Iran Med, 22(4): 204-210.
2. Chandrababu, R., Rathinasamy, E.L., suresh, C., Ramesh, J. (2019). Effectiveness of reflexology on anxiety of patients undergoing cardiovascular international procedures: A sgstematic review and meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Adv Nurs, 75: 43-62.
3. Begjamin et al. (2019). Heart Disease and stroke statistics 2019 update (A Report from the American Heart Association).Circulation. 139: e 56- e528. Dol: 10. 1161/CIR00000000000659.
4. Arnett, D. K., Blumenthal, R. S., Albert, M.A., Buroker, A. B., Goldberger, Z. D., et.al. (2019). 2019ACC/AHA Guideline on the primary prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. A Report of the American College of cardiology/ American Heart Association Task force on clinical practice Guidelines. 1-98. http://www.ahajournals.org/Journal/circ.
5. Kessler, R.C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R ., Merikangas, K. R., Walters, E.E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence of age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(3); 593-602.
6. McNally, R.J. (2002). Anxiety sensitivity and panic disorder.Biological psychiatry, 52, 938-946.
7. Deacon Brett, J., Jonathan, S., Carol, M., David, F. (2003). The anxiety sensitivity Index – Revised: psychometric properties and factor structure in two nonclinical samples. Behavior Research and therapy, 41: 1427-1449.
8. Zafar, M.U. et al. (2010). Anxiety is a better predictor of platelet reactivity in coronary artery disease patients than depression. Oxford Journal. Eurouq eaw Heart Journal, 31 (93): 1573-1582.
9. Hayes,. S.C., Luoma, J.B, Bond, F.W., Masuda, A., Lillis, J.(2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behav Res Ther, 44(1): 1-25.
10.Zargar Y, Hakimzadeh G, Davodi I.
(2019) The Effectiveness of
Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy on Hypertension and
Emotion CognitiveRegulation in
People with Hypertension: A Semi
Experiential Study, Jundishapur J
Chronic Dis Care. Online ahead of
Print.8(2): e79347.
11.Baradaran, M., Zare, H.,Alipour,A.,
Farzad, V. (2016). Effectiveness of
Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy (ACT) on cognitive fusion
and physical
Health Indicators in essential
Hypertensive patients. JCP, 4(1 and 2):
1- 9.
12. Pos, A.E, Greenberg, L.S. (2007).
Emotion focused therapy: The
Transformin power of affect. J contemp
Psycother, 37(1): 25-36.
13. Greenberg, L.S.(2010). Emotion
focused therapy: A clinical synthesis. J
lifelong learning psych, 8(1).
14. Goldman, R., Greenberg, L.( 2019).
Formulation of references in Emotion
Circuit Therapy. [Fazeli Sani F,
Khalatbari J, trans]. Tehran: Roshd
Culture Pub.
15. Greenberg, L.S., Watson, J.C.(2006).
Emotion focused therapy for depression
Washington: American psychological
Association.
16. Rahnama, M., Sajjadian, I., Raoufi, A.
(2017). The Effectiveness of
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
on Psychological Distress and
Medication Adherence of
Coronary Heart Patients. IJPN,
5(4): 34-43.
17. Anvari, M., Ebrahimi A, Neshatdoost
H, Afshar, H., Abed, A.(2014). The
effectiveness of Group- Based
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
on Pain Related Anxiety. Acceptance of
pain and pain intensity in patients with
chronic pain. J Isfahan Med sch
(I.U.M.S), 32(259): 1-10.
18. Fayazbakhsh, E., Mansouri, A. (2019).
Effectiveness of acceptance and
commitment therapy on intolerance of
uncertainty, experiential avoidance, and
symptoms of generalized anxiety
disorder in individuals with Type II
diabetes. Int Arch Health sci,
6(1): 30-35.
19. Beutel, M.E., Greenberg, L., Lane,
R.D., subic-wrana, C. . (2019).
Treating anxiety disorders by emotion-
focused psychodynamic
psychotherapy (EFPP)- An integrative,
trandiagnostic approach. Clin Psychol
Psychother, 26(1): 1-13.
20. Mikaeili, N., Molavi, P., Eyni, S.,
Taghavi, R.(2017). Effectiveness of
Emotion Focused Therapy on
Emotional Dysregulation,
Hopelessness and Suicidal Ideation in
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Veterans. Iran J War Pub Health,
9(3): 111-117
21. Nourizadeh Mirabadi, M., Khastari, S.,
Shirmardi, S., Khosravi faregh, A.
(2017).The Effectiveness of Emotion-
Based Intervention on Cognitive
Regulatory and Emotional Adjustment
Strategies in Patients with Coronary
Artery Disease. J Mod Ad Behav Sci,
2(10):1- 13.
22. Pasandideh, M.M., Zare, L.(2016).
Evaluation of the dimensions of
psychological well- being, resilience
and humor in coronary heart disease
patients and healthy individuals. J
Health Psychol, 5(20): 88-108.
23. Taylor, S., Cox, J. (1998). An expanded
anxiety sensitivity index; p evidence
for a hiararachic structure in a clinical
sample, J Anxiety Disorder, 12: 463-
483.
24. Moradi Manesh, F., Mirjafari,
S. A., Goodarzi, M.A.,Mohammadi,
Nourollah. (2007).
Investigating the Psychometric
Properties of the Revised Anxiety
Sensitivity Index. Journal of
Psychology, 11 (4): 446-426.
25. Naghavi, M., Asadpour, E., Kasaee, A.
(2020). The Effectiveness of Group
Counselling based on Acceptance and
Commitment Therapy on Increasing
Psychological Flexibility and Marital
Intimacy of Infertile Women. Quarterly
Journal of Health Psychology,8(4),32,
105-126.
26. Mohammadi,S. Y. & Soufi, A. (2020).
The Effectiveness of Acceptance and
Commitment Treatment on Quality of
Life and Perceived Stress in Cancer
Patients. Quarterly Journal of Health
Psychology, 8(4),32, 57-72.
27. Arjmand Ghujur1, K., Mahmoud
Aliloo, M., Khanjani, Z., Bakhshipour,
A.(2020). Effectiveness of Acceptance
and Commitment Therapy in Reduction
of Craving and Lapse
Methamphetamine Addict Patients.
Quarterly Journal of Health
Psychology, 8(4),32, 41-56.
28. Katjaa, B., Martinb, S., Hugoc, H., Ida,
K.a. F., Björnb, G., Steven, L. (2019).
International Association for the Study
ofPain, 160( 8): 1708-1718
29. Beasley, c., Ager, r. (2019).
Emotionally Focused Couples
Therapy: A Systematic Review of Its
Effectiveness over the past 19 Years.
Journal ofEvidence-Based Social
Work, 16(2):144-159.
30. Waltz, T.J., Hayes, S.C.(2015).
Acceptance and commitment therapy
[Seif AA, trans]. Tehran: Didar Pub.
31. Hokm Abadi, M.E., Bigdeli, I., Asadi, J., Asghari Ebrahim Abad, M. J.(2016).
Effectiveness of Acceptance and
Commitment Therapy on Type D
Personality and Follow-up in Coronary
Heart Disease: The Moderating Role of
Working Memory and Prospective
Memory. J Health Psychol, 6(24):
138-161.
32.Elliott, R., Watson, J.,Goldman, R.,
Greenberg, L. (2013). Emotional therapy
training. [Ramazan MA, Jamshidneghad
N, trans]. Tehran: Arasbaran Pub.
33. Timulak, L.(2017). Transforming
emotional pain in psychotherapy
[Ramezani MR, Heidari S, trans].
Tehran: Tazkieh.
.
34. Babaei Gharmkhani, M., rasouli, M.,
Davarniya, R.(2017). The Effect of
Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy
(EFCT) on Reducing Marital Stress of
Married Couples. Zanko J Med Sci.;
18(56): 56-69.
References
1. Safarzafegan, N., Mohammadifard, N. (2019). Cardiovascular Disease in Iran in the last 40 years: prevalence, Mortality, Morbidity, challenges and strategies for cardiovascular prevention. Arc Iran Med, 22(4): 204-210.
2. Chandrababu, R., Rathinasamy, E.L., suresh, C., Ramesh, J. (2019). Effectiveness of reflexology on anxiety of patients undergoing cardiovascular international procedures: A sgstematic review and meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Adv Nurs, 75: 43-62.
3. Begjamin et al. (2019). Heart Disease and stroke statistics 2019 update (A Report from the American Heart Association).Circulation. 139: e 56- e528. Dol: 10. 1161/CIR00000000000659.
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