Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine

Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019)

Inhalational Toxicity of Aluminum Phosphide as an Ongoing Concern; a Report of Two Cases

Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019), 1 January 2019 , Page e69
https://doi.org/10.22037/aaem.v7i1.509

Abstract

Acute aluminium phosphide (ALP) poisoning is an extremely lethal poisoning. Ingestion is usually suicidal in intent, uncommonly accidental and rarely homicidal. Unfortunately, the absence of a specific antidote results in very high mortality and the key to successful treatment is in rapid decontamination and institution of resuscitative measures.

Phosphine gas is highly toxic, and fatality is expected even several hours after continuous exposure.  However, intensive supportive treatments may be lifesaving in some cases. Here, two cases of accidental inhalation intoxication with ALP are reported. One patient was discharged and another suffered cardiac arrest during treatment.

Keywords:
  • Aluminum phosphide
  • inhalation
  • inhalation exposure
  • gas poisoning

How to Cite

1.
Shafahi A, Mostafazadeh B, Dadpour B. Inhalational Toxicity of Aluminum Phosphide as an Ongoing Concern; a Report of Two Cases. Arch Acad Emerg Med [Internet]. 2019 Nov. 24 [cited 2026 Jul. 7];7(1):e69. Available from: https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/aaem/index.php/AAEM/article/view/509

References

Singh I, Gupta K, Agarwal S, Bansal MK, Samad A, Kalra P. Clinical efficacy of oral gabapentin versus clonidine for preemptive analgesia in knee arthroplasty under epidural anesthesia with 0.75% Ropivacaine–A comparative study. Indian Journal of Pain. 2019;33(1):15.

Mehrpour O, Amouzeshi A, Dadpour B, Oghabian Z, Zamani N, Amini S, et al. Successful treatment of cardiogenic shock with an intraaortic balloon pump following aluminium phosphide poisoning. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. 2014;65(1):121-7.

Soltaninejad K, Nelson LS, Bahreini SA, Shadnia S. Fatal aluminum phosphide poisoning in Tehran-Iran from 2007 to 2010. Indian journal of medical sciences. 2012;66(3-4):66-70.

Mehrpour O, Jafarzadeh M, Abdollahi M. A systematic review of aluminium phosphide poisoning. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. 2012;63(1):61-73.

Nosrati A, Karami M, Esmaeilnia M. Aluminum phosphide poisoning: A case series in north Iran. Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology. 2013;2(3):111-3.

Dadpour B, Mokhtarpour M, Abdollahi M, Afshari R. An outbreak of aluminium phosphide poisoning in Mashhad, Iran. Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju. 2016;67(1):65-6.

Bagheri-Moghaddam A, Abbaspour H, Tajoddini S, Mohammadzadeh V, Moinipour A, Dadpour B. Using intra-aortic balloon pump for management of cardiogenic shock following aluminum phosphide poisoning; Report of 3 cases. Emergency. 2018;6(1).

Dadpour B, Mehrpour O, Oghabian Z, Dabbagh Kakhki VR. The feasibility of evidence-based decision making in a toxicology emergency case. Future of medical education journal. 2013;3(2):36-7.

Lemoine TJ, Schoolman K, Jackman G, Vernon DD. Unintentional fatal phosphine gas poisoning of a family. Pediatric emergency care. 2011;27(9):869-71.

Pepelko B, Seckar J, Harp PR, Kim JH, Gray D, Anderson EL. Worker exposure standard for phosphine gas. Risk Analysis: An International Journal. 2004;24(5):1201-13.

Proudfoot AT. Aluminium and zinc phosphide poisoning. Clinical toxicology. 2009;47(2):89-100.

Sudakin D. Occupational exposure to aluminium phosphide and phosphine gas? A suspected case report and review of the literature. Human & experimental toxicology. 2005;24(1):27-33.

Hashemi-Domeneh B, Zamani N, Hassanian-Moghaddam H, Rahimi M, Shadnia S, Erfantalab P, et al. A review of aluminium phosphide poisoning and a flowchart to treat it. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. 2016;67(3):183-93.

  • Abstract Viewed: 450 times
  • PDF Downloaded: 250 times

Download Statastics

Make a Submission

Make a Submission

SJR

SCImago Journal & Country Rank

COPE

Current Issue

Information