Effect of Glucose on Attachment and Proliferation of Human Gingival Fibroblasts on Zirconia and Titanium Surfaces Glucose Effect on Cellular Behavior on Zirconia and Titanium
Regeneration, Reconstruction & Restoration (Triple R),
Vol. 10 (2025),
1 January 2025
https://doi.org/10.22037/rrr.v10.50316
Abstract
Background and objectives: Diabetes-induced delayed wound healing compromises dental implant success by impairing junctional epithelium formation. This study evaluated the effects of various glucose concentrations on human gingival fibroblast (HGF) proliferation and attachment to titanium and zirconia surfaces.
Materials and methods: Titanium and zirconia discs (2 × 10 mm) were prepared. HGFs were cultured on the discs or empty polystyrene plates (control) at glucose concentrations of 5.5, 11, 22, and 33 mM. Cell viability/proliferation and attachment were evaluated after 24 and 72 h using MTT assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test (P < 0.05).
Results: Glucose concentration did not significantly affect cell viability/attachment within each material group. However, HGFs proliferated significantly between 24 and 72 h at 5.5 and 11 mM glucose on titanium, and at all concentrations on zirconia. Cell viability was similar between titanium and zirconia at all concentrations except 11 mM, where zirconia performed better. At 72 h, zirconia showed significantly higher cell attachment than titanium at high glucose concentrations (22 and 33 mM).
Conclusion: Glucose did not affect initial cell attachment, but prolonged incubation (72 h) reduced cell-surface affinity on both metals compared to polystyrene. Nevertheless, zirconia promoted better HGF proliferation and attachment than titanium under high glucose conditions, suggesting zirconia as a preferable abutment material for diabetic patients.
- Proliferation
- Attachment
- Human gingival fibroblast
- Glucose
- Zirconia
- Titanium
How to Cite
References
1. Pavlovic MD, Milenkovic T, Dinic M, Misovic M, Dakovic D, Todorović S, et al. The prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in young patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes care. 2007;30(8):1964-7.
2. Greenhalgh DG. Wound healing and diabetes mellitus. Clinics in plastic surgery. 2003;30(1):37-45.
3. Kern P, Moczar M, Robert L. Biosynthesis of skin collagens in normal and diabetic mice. Biochemical Journal.
1979;182(2):337-45.
4. Franzén LE, Roberg K. Impaired connective tissue repair in streptozotocin-induced diabetes shows ultrastructural signs of impaired contraction. Journal of Surgical Research. 1995;58(4):407-14.
5. Brown DL, Kane CD, Chernausek SD, Greenhalgh DG. Differential expression and localization of insulin-like growth factors I and II in cutaneous wounds of diabetic and nondiabetic mice. The American journal of pathology. 1997;151(3):715.
6. Loots MA, Lamme EN, Mekkes JR, Bos JD, Middelkoop E. Cultured fibroblasts from chronic diabetic wounds on the lower extremity (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) show disturbed proliferation. Archives of dermatological research. 1999;291:93-9.
7. Ardlin BI. Transformation-toughened zirconia for dental inlays, crowns and bridges: chemical stability and effect of low-temperature aging on flexural strength and surface structure. Dental Materials. 2002;18(8):590-5.
8. Christel P, Meunier A, Heller M, Torre J, Peille C. Mechanical properties and short‐term in vivo evaluation of yttrium‐oxide‐partially‐stabilized zirconia. Journal of biomedical materials research. 1989;23(1):45-61.
9. Denry I, Kelly JR. State of the art of zirconia for dental applications. Dental materials. 2008;24(3):299-307.
10. Aldafeeri HR, Al-Zordk W, Ghazy MH. Marginal Accuracy of Machinable Monolithic Zirconia Laminate Veneers. Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2019.
11. Park JB, Bronzino J. The biomedical engineering handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. 2000;4:1-8.
12. Ishizawa H, Ogino M. Formation and characterization of anodic titanium oxide films containing Ca and P. Journal of biomedical materials research. 1995;29(1):65-72.
13. Cate AT, Deporter D. The degradative role of the fibroblast in the remodelling and turnover of collagen in soft connective tissue. The Anatomical Record. 1975;182(1):1-13.
14. Deveci M, Gilmont RR, Dunham W, Mudge B, Smith D, Marcelo CL. Glutathione enhances fibroblast collagen contraction and protects keratinocytes from apoptosis in hyperglycaemic culture. British Journal of Dermatology. 2005;152(2):217-24.
15. Benazzoug Y, Borchiellini C, Labat-Robert J, Robert L, Kern P. Effect of high-glucose concentrations on the expression of collagens and fibronectin by fibroblasts in culture. Experimental gerontology. 1998;33(5):445-55.
16. Torshabi M, Rezaei Esfahrood Z, Jamshidi M, Mansuri Torshizi A, Sotoudeh S. Efficacy of vitamins E and C for reversing the cytotoxic effects of nicotine and cotinine. European Journal of Oral Sciences. 2017 Dec;125(6):426-37.
17. Torshabi M, Esfahrood ZR, Gholamin P, Karami E. Effects of nicotine in the presence and absence of vitamin E on morphology, viability and osteogenic gene expression in MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology. 2016 Nov 1;27(6):595-602.
18. Esfahanizadeh N, Motalebi S, Daneshparvar N, Akhoundi N, Bonakdar S. Morphology, proliferation, and gene expression of gingival fibroblasts on Laser-Lok, titanium, and zirconia surfaces. Lasers in medical science. 2016;31(5):863-73.
19. Nothdurft FP, Fontana D, Ruppenthal S, May A, Aktas C, Mehraein Y, et al. Differential behavior of fibroblasts and epithelial cells on structured implant abutment materials: A comparison of materials and surface topographies. Clinical implant dentistry and related research. 2015;17(6):1237-49.
20. Kim Y-S, Ko Y, Kye S-B, Yang S-M. Human gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) attachment and proliferation on several abutment materials with various colors. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2014;29(4):969-75.
21. Pandoleon P, Bakopoulou A, Papadopoulou L, Koidis P. Evaluation of the biological behaviour of various dental implant abutment materials on attachment and viability of human gingival fibroblasts. Dental Materials. 2019;35(7):1053-63.
22. Jung S, Moser MM, Kleinheinz J, Happe A. Biocompatibility of lithium disilicate and zirconium oxide ceramics with different surface topographies for dental implant abutments. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(14):7700.
23. Jia-qiang L, Hong-chen L, Yi W, Yuan F, Hui G. The biological effect of high glucose on human periodontal ligament fibroblast. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology. 2011;20(3).
24. Lavenus S, Pilet P, Guicheux J, Weiss P, Louarn G, Layrolle P. Behaviour of mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts and osteoblasts on smooth surfaces. Acta biomaterialia. 2011;7(4):1525-34.x]
- Abstract Viewed: 24 times
- PDF Downloaded: 4 times