Journal of Clinical Physiotherapy Research

Introduction: Symmetry and asymmetry of lower limbs are introduced as main critical challenges of human movement. The aim of this study was to compare the kinematic symmetry of lower limbs during running at different speeds. Material and Methods: The study was conducted as a quasi-experimental design. Twenty-eight professional runners (aged: 34.75±6.63 years) voluntarily participated in this study. Running at three progressive speeds (2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 m/s) was conducted by each subject on a treadmill while kinematic data were captured at 150 Hz. Peak angle of hip, knee and ankle joints during flexion were derived in the stance phase of running. Independent T-test were performed to examine the symmetry of peak flexion angles of hip, knee and ankle joints during running at different speeds using SPSS ver. 22 (P<0.05). Results: Findings showed no significant difference between two limbs in peak flexion angles of lower joints at every speed. Conclusions: Symmetry exists in peak flexion angles of lower joints in stance phase during running at the different progressive speeds. Coaches and biomechanists would achieve benefits of kinematic symmetry of lower joints in order to prevent injuries and optimize athletes’ running performance.

Introduction: shoulder muscle fatigue in exercise is very common among bodybuilders. Fatigue can lowers the performance quality and seriously damage athletes’ shoulder joints. This study aimed to determine the effect of fatigue on the force of flexor, extensor, elevator, depressor, retractor, and abductor shoulder muscles in young bodybuilders after a session of debilitating fatigue. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, 25 active athletes in the field of bodybuilding (age: 26.12±2.78 years, height: 1.82±0.035 m, weight: 78.92±4.23 kg, BMI: 23.71±1.40 kg / m2, and sport history: 2.96±0.97 years) were selected. Before and after the fatigue, the force of flexor, extensor, elevator, depressor, retractor, and abductor muscles of shoulder was evaluated using a portable tensile-compression tachometer. To analyze the statistical part, the paired samples t-test was used to compare the fatigue protocol. Results: The results of the study showed a reprise of debilitating fatigue reduced the force of flexor (P=0.001), extensor (P=0.001), elevator (P=0.001), depressor (P=0.001), retractor (P=0.001), and abductor (P=0.001) of shoulder muscles. Conclusion: In general, the results of the present study showed the effect of fatigue on the reduction of flexor, extensor, elevator, depressor, retractor and abductor muscles of the shoulder, and this force decrease can be a factor for reducing performance quality in fatigue conditions and probably increasing the risk of injury in athletes.

Introduction & Objective: Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease  and research has shown that regular physical exercise with appropriate intensity and duration It can improve cardiovascular function, especially in patients with atherosclerosis, but little research has been done on the effect of different exercises (aerobic, resistance and strength) on arterial biomechanics (peripheral and central) and there are contradictory results. In addition, few studies have been done on middle-aged people. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on selected variables bilateral femoral artery biomechanics in middle-aged men, three to seven days after coronary angioplasty. Methodology: Thirty patients with coronary angioplasty who underwent coronary angioplasty, ranging in age from 45 to 60 years, were randomly selected from the patients referred to the Rehabilitation Clinic of Tehran Cardiac Center. Arterial resting lumen diameter(LD) in systolic and diastolic phases and intima-medial thickness(IMT) of bilateral femoral artery, compliance and ratio of intima-media thickness to lumen diameter(IMT/LD) were measured before and after exercise. The aerobic exercise program was performed for eight weeks and three sessions per week, each session lasting 40 minutes on three devices: treadmills, an arm ergometer and a workhorse, for each patient. In this study, analysis of covariance tests at the significance level of 0.05, paired t-test and Will Coxon test were used. Results: The results showed that aerobic exercise on selected variables of vascular biomechanics [resting lumen diameter in systolic and diastolic phase] , Was confirmed at the significance level of 0.05 and Although the effect of aerobic exercise was not significant in some variables of vascular biomechanics [compliance and ratio of intima-media thickness to lumen diameter] . in some angioplasty patients; But in general, all variables have improved in order to improve and reach the norm of normal people. Conclusion: The present study concluded that aerobic exercise improves the biomechanical condition of the arteries and suggests that performing consistent exercises having is of paramount importance in heart patients to prevent further heart attacksheart patients.

Introduction: Running usually happens at faster speeds than walking and faster the speed of running variability of some biomechanical parameters seems to be controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impulse variability following increased velocity. Materials and Methods: twenty eight elite runners with body mass: 69.63±6.670 kg, age: 34.75±6.626 years and height: 175.96±6.74 cm participated in the present study. Kinetic data were measured at speeds of 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 meters per second at a sampling frequency of 300 Hz when running on a treadmill on a force plate, and then the total impulse and mean impulse variables were extracted. To analyze the data at three different speeds, two-factor analysis of variance with repeated measures with a significant level of P<0.05 was used. Results: These results showed that with increasing speed in the stance phase, significant differences were obvious in average impulse by increasing speed (2.5 & 3.5- 2.5 & 4.5 and 3.5& 4.5 m/s). Also, significant difference was presented in total impulse between speeds of 3.5 and 4.5 m/s. Conclusion: It seems that a change in running speed causes a change in the momentum of the running support phase and increases with higher impulse speed.

Introduction: The foot-ankle ankle has the capability to perform specific functions such as the weight bearing of body in the standing position against the gravity, moving the body to the front and creating stability to keep the balance and control the posture. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate symmetry comparison of balance performance and plantar pressure distribution in active adolescent’s girls with ankle over pronation while standing and during stance phase of gait. Materials and Methods: In this quasi- experimental study, 34 active adolescent girls between 14 and 17 were selected as simple. The navicular drop measurement by Bordy method, the plantar pressure distribution by foot pressure device (PT-Scan4452F100), and the symmetry between the two limbs and balance function by symmetry Index and Balance performance formula were used. Mean and Deviation was used to describe data, Shapiro-Wilk Test to verify the normality od the data, and independent t-test to compare the variable of the two groups at significance level of P≥0.05. Results: The symmetry comparison of balance performance and plantar pressure distribution showed that a significant difference in symmetry of rear foot pressure distribution (P=0.04), symmetry of rear foot impulse (P=0.04), symmetry of medial heel (P=0.04), symmetry of tars 1 (P=0.04) and symmetry of ankle rotation (P=0.03) between two groups, indicating more symmetry in healthy girls than those ankle hyperpronation, indicating more symmetry in healthy girls than those ankle hyperpronation. Conclusion: The current study’s findings showed that the girls with the hyperpronation had less asymmetry on the medial heel foot and increased pressure distribution on the 1^st tarsus. Also, the symmetry of balance function of heel rotation around the ankle’s axis and the impulse of rear foot in the healthy group were more than in the hyperpronation group. Furthermore, because of more contact of the inner surface of the soles with the ground in the people with hyperpronation, the pressure level on the inner edge and 1^st metatarsus was increased and the medial heel symmetry in the pronation group was decreased compared to the healthy group. Hence, more scientific evidence is needed to generalize the results.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the early and delayed weight-bearing outcomes in patients with ankle fractures who underwent surgical treatment. Materials and Methods: This retrospective analytical study was conducted on 38 patients with bimalleolar ortrimalleolar fractures referred to Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Patients who underwent ankle fracture surgical treatment were divided into the early weight-bearing group (study group) and the delayed weight-bearing group (comparison group). The outcomes were functional factors including pain, bulging, running, support, daycare, and stiffness were assessed and compared between the groups. Data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics ver.23 at significant level of P-values <0.05. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test approved the normality of data. Chi-squared test and independent T-Test were used to compare the outcomes between the groups. Results: Out of 38 patients, 30 were men (79%), and 8 were female (21%), with a mean age of 32.12 ±1.22 years old (range: 17 to 58 years). Contrary to the comparison group (delayed weight-bearing), pain (P=0.006), running (P=0.035), support (P=0.003), daycare (P=0.001), and total scores (P=0.001) were significantly higher in the intervention group (early weight-bearing) two weeks after the surgery. The other variables (bulging, stiffness, staring up, jumping, sitting/standing) did not significantly differ between the groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results, early weight-bearing compared to delayed weight-bearing, has better outcomes in patients with ankle fractures who underwent surgical management.

Bilateral asymmetric hip dislocations are rare in comparison to unilateral dislocations. We present the case of a 20-year-old man who suffered from asymmetrical bilateral hip dislocation, anterior dislocation on the left, and posterior dislocation of acetabulum fracture on the right. In the operating room, all hip dislocations were manually decreased, and skeletal traction was used due to weakness on the right side. A week later, an open reduction and internal fixing were applied to the posterior wall and column fracturing of the right acetabulum

Osteoid osteoma is a relatively common benign neoplasm of the bone. An intra-articular osteoid osteoma is a rare form of the tumor with subtle radiologic and clinical findings mimicking an inflammatory arthritis which usually leads to a delayed diagnosis. We reported a 22-year-old male patient with subacute pain and decreased range of motion in his right elbow. Paraclinical evaluations showed a cystic bony lesion of the coronoid process of the proximal ulna that went through the surgical excision. Histopathologic examination revealed an intra-articular osteoid osteoma. The patient had a favorable outcome.