Comparing the Prevalence of Muscle Weakness and Hypotonia Between Children With and Without Vesicoureteral Reflux Muscle Weakness and Hypotonia in VUR
Journal of Pediatric Nephrology,
Vol. 13 (2025),
12 May 2026
https://doi.org/10.22037/jpn.v13i1.50758
Abstract
Background and Aim: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal return of urine from the
bladder to the urethra and kidney. Muscle weakness means the decrease in muscle force. This
study aimed to evaluate the presence of clinically detectable muscle weakness and hypotonia
in children with VUR compared with children without reflux.
Methods: This research was a case-control study conducted at Amirkabir Hospital in Arak
City, Iran. A total of 117 children were enrolled and divided into two groups. The first group,
children with VUR confirmed by voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) (N=58) and the second
group, children with normal VCUG findings (N=59) approved by urologists. The two groups
were then examined by a neurologist for hypotonia and muscle weakness. The information
obtained was recorded in the checklist.
Results: There was a significant difference in regards to the gender of the case and control
groups; however, no significant difference was observed regarding their age, birth weight,
birth order, and neonatal situation. None of the patients had a history of hypotonia or muscle
weakness. Out of the patients who had reflux, 16(27.58%) had right side reflux, 13(22.41%)
had left side reflux, and 29(50%) had double sided reflux.
Conclusion: No patient from either group had signs of hypotonia or muscle weakness.
- Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
- Muscle weakness
- Hypotonia
How to Cite
References
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