Bladder Volume Wall Index In Children With Urinary Tract Infections
Journal of Pediatric Nephrology,
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013),
24 July 2013
,
Page 18-22
https://doi.org/10.22037/jpn.v1i1.4500
Abstract
How to Cite This Article: Hooman N, Hallaji F, Mostafavi SH, Sharif MR, Tatarpoor P, Otukesh H. Bladder Volume Wall Index in Children with Urinary Tract Infections. J Ped. Nephrology 2013 July;1(1):18-22.
Introduction: Few studies have focused on the correlation between bladder ultrasound and urinary tract infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bladder volume wall index in children with single or recurrent urinary tract infection.
Materials & Methods: This case-control study was conducted between March 2008 and December 2009. The study was performed on one hundred children (8 boys, 92 girls) aged 4-15 years with a history of urinary tract infection and thirty-nine (20 males, 19 females) age- matched healthy children who had negative urine culture one month before investigation. The kidneys, ureters, and bladder sonography were performed in all children. Bladder volume wall index was calculated for each child and the result of 70-130 was presumed normal. Student T-test, chi-square, likelihood ratio, and risk ratio were used. P-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean bladder volume was 262.5 (±82) in recurrent urinary tract infection, 235 (±54) in single urinary tract infection, and 278 (±80) in controls (P<0.05). The bladder was thick (<70) in 37 (28 cases, 9 controls) and thin (>130) in 38 children (28 cases, 10 controls) (P>0.05). The median residual volume was not different between the two groups. The abnormal BVWI in children with vesicoureteral (VU) reflux was 75% as compared to 51% in those without VU reflux (P>0.05). There was no correlation between BVWI and age, gender, groups, vesicoureteral reflux status, or residual volume (P>0.05).
Conclusions: According to our findings, the bladder volume wall index is not sensitive enough to discriminate children who are prone to urinary tract infection.
Keywords: Urography; Urinary Tract Infections; Ultrasonography; Urinary Bladder
How to Cite
References
- Mori R, Lakhanpaul M, Verrier-Jones K. Diagnosis and management of urinary tract infection in children: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ 2007;335:395-397.
- Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection, Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management, Roberts KB. Urinary tract infection: clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of the initial UTI in febrile infants and children 2 to 24 months. Pediatrics 2011;128(3):595-610.
- Liu JX, Leung VY, Chu WC, Sreedhar B, Metreweli C, Yeung CK. Characteristics of the bladder in infants with urinary tract infections: an ultrasound study. Pediatr Radiol 2008;38:1084-1088.
- Yeung CK, Sreedhar B, Leung YF, Sit KY. Correlation between ultrasonographic bladder measurements and urodynamic findings in children with recurrent urinary tract infection. BJU Int 2007;99: 651-655.
- Leung VY, Chu WC, Yeung CK, et al. Normograms of total renal volume, urinary bladder volume and bladder wall thickness index in 3376 children with a normal urinary tract. Pediatr Radiol 2007;37:181-188.
- Yeung CK, Sreedhar B, Leung VT, Metreweli C. Ultrasound bladder measurements in patients with primary nocturnal enuresis: a urodynamic and treatment outcome correlation. J Urol 2004;171:2589-2594.
- Yeung CK, Chiu HN, Sit FK. Bladder dysfunction in children with refractory monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis. J Urol 1999;162:1049-1054.
- Hooman N, Hallaji F, Mostafavi SH, Mohsenifar S, Otukesh H, Moradi-Lakeh M. Correlation between Lower Urinary Tract Scoring System, Behavior Check List, and Bladder Sonography in Children with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms. Korean J Urol 2011;52:210-215.
- Mostafavi SH, Hooman N, Hallaji F, et.al. The correlation between bladder volume wall index and the pattern of uroflowmetry/external sphincter electromyography in children with lower urinary tract malfunction. J Pediatr Urol 2011; 8:367-374.
- Chang SJ, Yang SS. Variability, related factors and normal reference value of postvoid residual urine in healthy kindergarteners. J Urol 2009;182:1933-1938.
- South M. Radiological investigations following urinary tract infection: changes in Australian practice. Arch Dis Child 2009;94:927-930.
- Azhir A, Nasseri F, Fazel A, Adibi A, Frajzadegan Z, Divband AH. Etiology and pathology of enuresis among primary school children in Isfahan, Iran. Saudi Med J 2007;28:1706-1710.
- Azhir A, Gheissari A, Fragzadegan Z, Adebi A.New treatment protocol for primary nocturnal enuresis in children according to ultrasound bladder measurements. Saudi Med J 2008;29:1475-1479.
- Jequier S, Rousseau O. Sonographic measurements of the normal bladder wall in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1987;149:563-566.
- Kaefer M, Barnewolt C, Retik AB, Peters CA. The sonographic diagnosis of infravesical obstruction in children: evaluation of bladder wall thickness indexed to bladder filling. J Urol 1997;157:989-991.
- Uluocak N, Erdemır F, Parlaktas BS, Caglar MK, Hasiloglu Z, Etikan I. Bladder wall thickness in healthy school-aged children. Urology 2007;69:763-766.
- Hooman N, Mostafavi SH, Hallaji F, Otukesh H. Bladder Volume Wall Index In Children With Urinary Tract Infections. Iran J Kidney Dis 2011;5:7 (Abs.).
- Abstract Viewed: 548 times
- PDF Downloaded: 932 times