Anti-HBs Titer in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital Anti-HBs Titer in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome
Journal of Pediatric Nephrology,
Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023),
7 February 2024
https://doi.org/10.22037/jpn.v12i2.42987
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common pediatric renal
disease. Immune dysregulation, prolonged immunosuppressive treatment, and recurrent
prolonged proteinuria in NS cause alterations in serum immunoglobulins, especially
hypogammaglobulinemia. Thus, anti-HBs titer may be reduced in NS patients. We assessed
anti-HBs titer among hepatitis B-vaccinated children with NS.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted at the Department of Paediatrics of the
Institute of Child & Mother Health, Dhaka, from July 2020 to June 2021. Sixty-one children
with primary and recurrent NS previously vaccinated according to the expanded programme
on immunization program were evaluated for anti-HBs titer and compared with 61 age- and
sex-matched healthy children.
Results: Protective anti-HBs titer was found in 29(47.5%) and 40(65.6%) cases in the case and
control groups, respectively. The mean anti-HBs titer was 37.2±35.5 IU/L in the case group
and 55.7±28.3 IU/L in the control group, which showed a significant difference between the
groups. The mean anti-HBs titer was 52.9±35.5 IU/L in the first attack, 33.9±36.8 IU/L in the
infrequent relapse nephrotic syndrome (IFRNS), and 22.2±27.41 IU/L in the frequent relapse
nephrotic syndrome (FRNS), respectively. The difference was also significant statistically.
The mean anti-HBs titer was lower in the FRNS and IFRNS and significant in the FRNS
compared to the first attack. The mean anti-HBs titer was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the
IFRNS and FRNS compared to the controls.
Conclusion: Anti-HBs titer was found significantly lower than the protective level in the first
attack and relapse cases of NS.
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Hepatitis
- Immunity
- Anti-HBs titer
How to Cite
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