Vitamin D and Calcium Levels in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome, Surveillance in a Tertiary Medical Center Vitamin D and Calcium Levels in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome
Journal of Pediatric Nephrology,
Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023),
13 September 2023
https://doi.org/10.22037/jpn.v12i2.42448
Abstract
Background and Aim: The incidence rate of nephrotic syndrome (NS) is 2-7 children
per 100,000 children. Children with NS usually have some calcium homeostasis problems
leading to abnormal bone histology, hypocalcemia, reduced serum vitamin D metabolites,
and impaired intestinal absorption of calcium during their disease or following treatment.
Methods: This is a prospective study on patients with NS on their first visit before any
initial treatment. One hundred and three children aged 2-12 years referring to our nephrology
department from March 2018 to June 2019 were enrolled in this study. Serum concentrations
of calcium, phosphorus, albumin, 25(OH)2 vitamin D3, and creatinine were measured in all
patients. The correlation of 25(OH) vitamin D3 with the type of nephrotic syndrome, gender,
and age of the patients was evaluated.
Results: Sixty-two patients were male (60.2%) and 41 cases were female (39.8%). Vitamin
D deficiency (<20 ng/dL) was observed in 87 out of 103 patients (96.7%). Also, 24 patients
underwent kidney biopsy: ten patients were found with minimal change disease (41.7%),
seven patients (29.2%) showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and seven cases had
diffuse mesangial proliferation. Mean serum levels of calcium, phosphorous, albumin, and
cholesterol were 7.512, 4.756, 1.932, and 450.68 mg/dL, respectively, and there was no
correlation between vitamin D levels and these parameters except albumin.
Conclusion: Because of the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its serious
consequences in NS patients, it is recommended to measure the levels of this vitamin at the
first visit and treat this deficiency, if necessary, along with other specific treatments.
- Calcium metabolism
- Minimal change disease
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Vitamin D deficiency
How to Cite
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