The Epidemiology, Presentation, and Outcome of Acute Post-infectious Glomerulonephritis in North East India: A Single Centre Experience Post-infectious Glomerulonephritis in North East India
Journal of Pediatric Nephrology,
Vol. 10 No. 4 (2022),
15 March 2023
https://doi.org/10.22037/jpn.v10i4.39362
Abstract
Background and Aim: Acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) can occur due to
various etiologies. Among these, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is the common cause.
Though the burden has drastically decreased over the years in developed nations, it remains a
reason for concern in developing countries. This study aimed to document the burden, clinical
presentation, etiology, and outcome of PIGN referred to a tertiary care center in a developing
country.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in
northeast India. All cases diagnosed with acute PIGN were included in the study. Cases
with an alternate diagnosis and cases with incomplete records were excluded from the study.
Data on relevant clinical, demographic, and laboratory variables were extracted from the
case records and discharge summary. Simple descriptive statistics, such as frequency and
proportion were used.
Results: A total of 202 cases of PIGN were included in the study. The Mean±SD annual
admission rate was 22.4±6.1 per year. The Mean±SD age at presentation was 10.0±3.9 years
and the male to female ratio was 1.2 to 1. The most common clinical features at the time of
presentation were hypertension in 183 patients (90.59%), edema in 168 (83.16%), history of
oliguria in 146(72.27%), and hematuria in 168 patients (83.2%). Proteinuria was present in 95
cases (47.03%). Either clinical or serological evidence of preceding streptococcal infection
was observed in 160 children (83.2 %). Two cases had scrub typhus and one case had hepatitis
B seropositivity. Hypertensive encephalopathy and left ventricular failure were observed in
20(9.90%) and 44 children (21.78%), respectively. Admission to the pediatric intensive care
unit was required in 28.21%. No mortality was observed.
Conclusion: PIGN constitutes a significant burden in this part of India. The incidence of
complications was high but the outcome was good with adequate acute care.
- Post-infectious Glomerulonephritis (PSGN)
- Hypertensive encephalopathy
- Streptococcal infection
- Hematuria
How to Cite
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