Paraquat Poisoning and AKI –A Rare Pediatric Case Report in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Journal of Pediatric Nephrology,
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021),
14 Farvardin 2021
https://doi.org/10.22037/jpn.v8i2.33568
Abstract
Paraquat is a widely used synthetic herbicide in agriculture. Ingestion of toxic doses of paraquat can be fatal with life threatening effects on the kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal tract (GIT), liver, heart, and other organs. There is no specific antidote or effective life saving treatment for paraquat poisoning and its prognosis is very poor worldwide. Here we report a case that presented with acute renal failure, shock, GIT bleeding with oral mucosal ulceration, and pulmonary involvement due to accidental paraquat poi soning and delayed hospitalization after poison ingestion. In spite of partial improvement, the patient expired after two weeks of admission. Therefore, any case of paraquat poisoning must be hospitalized and, if needed, referred to equipped centers as early as possible after poison ingestion
Keywords:
- Paraquat
- Acute Renal Failure
- Herbicide
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
How to Cite
1.
Biswas S, Barua P, -Quader MM- ul, Chowdhury D, Biswas S, Das A. Paraquat Poisoning and AKI –A Rare Pediatric Case Report in a Tertiary Care Hospital. J Ped Nephrol [Internet]. 2021 Mar. 31 [cited 2026 Jul. 8];9(2). Available from: https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/jpn/article/view/33568
References
References :
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2.Tintinalli JE, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Yealy DM, Meckler GD, Cline DM. Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2016.
3.Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Duarte JA, Sánchez-Navarro A, Remião F, Bastos ML, Carvalho F. Paraquat poisonings: Mechanisms of lung toxicity, clinical features, and treatment. Critical Review in Toxicology. 2008; 38:13–71. DOI: 10.1080/10408440701669959
4.Bismuth C, Hall AH. Paraquat Poisoning: Mechanisms, Prevention, Treatment. 1st ed. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1995.
5. Proudfoot AT, Vale JA. Pesticides. In: Weatherall DJ, Ledingham JGG, Warrell DA, editors. Oxford Textbook of Medicine. 3rd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1996. pp. 1120–4. 5.
6.Gawarammana IB, Buckley NA. Medical management of paraquat ingestion. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2011 Nov; 72(5):745-57. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04026.x
7. Sandhu JS, Dhiman A, Mahajan R, Sandhu P. Outcome of paraquat poisoning—a five year study.Indian Journal of Nephrology. 2003;13: 64–68.
8. Olson KR. Poisoning. In: McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, editors. Current Medical Diagnosis Treatment. 46th edition. New York, NY, USA: McGraw Hill; 2007. p. p. 1663.
9. Sittipunt C. Paraquat poisoning. Respiratory Care. 2005;50 (3):383–385.
10. Agarwal R, Srinivas R, Aggarwal AN, Gupta D. Experience with paraquat poisoning in a respiratory intensive care unit in North India. Singapore Medical Journal. 2006;47(12):1033–1037.
11. Afzali S, Gholyaf M. The Effectiveness of Combined Treatment with Methylprednisolone and Cyclophosphamide in Oral Paraquat Poisoning. Archives of Iranian Medicine. 2008;11:387–91.
12.Agarwal R, Srinivas R, Aggarwal AN, Gupta D. Immunosuppressive therapy in lung injury due to Paraquat poisoning: A meta-analysis. Singapore Medical Journal . 2007;48:1000–5.
13.Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Sarmento A, Reis P, Amaro A, Remiao F, Bastos ML, et al. Acute paraquat poisoning: Report of a survival case following intake of a potential lethal dose. Pediatric Emergency Care. 2006;22:537–40. DOI: 10.1097/01.pec.0000223179.07633.8a
14. Lee EY, Hwang KY, Yang JO, Hong SY. Predictors of survival after acute paraquat poisoning. Toxicology and Industrial Health. 2002;18: 201–6. DOI: 10.1191/0748233702th141oa
1.Janeela M.A, Oommen A , Misra A.K, Ramya I. Paraquat Poisoning: Case report of a survivor. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 2017; 6(3): 672-673. DOI:10.4103/2249-4863.222042
2.Tintinalli JE, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Yealy DM, Meckler GD, Cline DM. Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2016.
3.Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Duarte JA, Sánchez-Navarro A, Remião F, Bastos ML, Carvalho F. Paraquat poisonings: Mechanisms of lung toxicity, clinical features, and treatment. Critical Review in Toxicology. 2008; 38:13–71. DOI: 10.1080/10408440701669959
4.Bismuth C, Hall AH. Paraquat Poisoning: Mechanisms, Prevention, Treatment. 1st ed. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc; 1995.
5. Proudfoot AT, Vale JA. Pesticides. In: Weatherall DJ, Ledingham JGG, Warrell DA, editors. Oxford Textbook of Medicine. 3rd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1996. pp. 1120–4. 5.
6.Gawarammana IB, Buckley NA. Medical management of paraquat ingestion. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 2011 Nov; 72(5):745-57. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04026.x
7. Sandhu JS, Dhiman A, Mahajan R, Sandhu P. Outcome of paraquat poisoning—a five year study.Indian Journal of Nephrology. 2003;13: 64–68.
8. Olson KR. Poisoning. In: McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM, editors. Current Medical Diagnosis Treatment. 46th edition. New York, NY, USA: McGraw Hill; 2007. p. p. 1663.
9. Sittipunt C. Paraquat poisoning. Respiratory Care. 2005;50 (3):383–385.
10. Agarwal R, Srinivas R, Aggarwal AN, Gupta D. Experience with paraquat poisoning in a respiratory intensive care unit in North India. Singapore Medical Journal. 2006;47(12):1033–1037.
11. Afzali S, Gholyaf M. The Effectiveness of Combined Treatment with Methylprednisolone and Cyclophosphamide in Oral Paraquat Poisoning. Archives of Iranian Medicine. 2008;11:387–91.
12.Agarwal R, Srinivas R, Aggarwal AN, Gupta D. Immunosuppressive therapy in lung injury due to Paraquat poisoning: A meta-analysis. Singapore Medical Journal . 2007;48:1000–5.
13.Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Sarmento A, Reis P, Amaro A, Remiao F, Bastos ML, et al. Acute paraquat poisoning: Report of a survival case following intake of a potential lethal dose. Pediatric Emergency Care. 2006;22:537–40. DOI: 10.1097/01.pec.0000223179.07633.8a
14. Lee EY, Hwang KY, Yang JO, Hong SY. Predictors of survival after acute paraquat poisoning. Toxicology and Industrial Health. 2002;18: 201–6. DOI: 10.1191/0748233702th141oa
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