Influence of Dimethyl Sulfoxide as a Penetration Enhancer of Piroxicam Gel Through Biological Skin Effect of DMSO on piroxicam penetration from skin
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Vol. 2 No. 4 (2006),
1 October 2006
,
Page 177-184
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijps.v2.40167
Abstract
Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent which has an extensive use in rheumatic disorders. Since its skin penetration is still a subject for research, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on percutaneous penetration of piroxicam gel formulation through skin. In this study, as a model, two types of 0.5% piroxicam new gels, so called red and green gel, were prepared using 5% (w/w) DMSO only for the red gel. Water, ethanol and propylene glycol were the solvent composition specified by a triple phase diagram, in addition to carbomer P934 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as the gel bases. The release and dermal penetration of the drug were measured and compared with a commercial brand using static diffusion cells and hairless rat skin as a biological membrane, by UV spectrophotometer. Also, piroxicam serum level was measured after application of 1 g gel on the deltoid muscle, twice daily for two weeks, in three groups of healthy male volunteers. The results of all physico-chemical controls for the gels indicated an acceptable criteria. The penetration of piroxicam through animal skin showed a good linearity between the square root of time and amount of piroxicam released from the gels. The in vitro study showed that application of DMSO had no significant effect on percutaneous penetration of the drug through animal skin. In human study, the red gel containing DMSO had the highest piroxicam serum level with a relatively meaningful difference between the results compare to the green and commercial gels (p<0.05). But the green and commercial gels had no statistical difference. This preference might be related to the in vivo DMSO positive effect as a penetration enhancer, contrary to the in vitro results. Therefore, relying on laboratorial data is not always sufficient.
- Dimethyl sulfoxide
- Gel
- Piroxicam
- Skin penetration
How to Cite
References
[2] Sweetman S. Martindale, 34th ed. London: Pharmaceutical Prees,2005; pp. 84.2-85.10.
[3] Beringer P. Remington: The sience and practice of pharmacy. 21st ed. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams and Wilkins, 2005; p. 1540.
[4] Wickersham R M. Drug facts and comparisons. 8th ed. Missouri:Lippincott company, 2004; p. 491.
[5] Olkkola KT, Brunetto AV, Mattila M I. Pharmacokinetics of piroxicam non-strodial anti-inflammatory agents. Clin Pharmacokinet 1994; 26: 206-10.
[6] Babar A, Solani UP. Piroxicam release from dermatological bases: In vitro studies using cellulose membrane and hairless mouse skin. Drug Der Ind Pharm 1990;16: 523-40.
[7] Fourtillan JB, Giraulty J. Piroxicam plasma concentration following repeated topical application of a piroxicam 0.5% gel. Drug Invest 1992; 4: 535-40.
[8] Ishizaki T, Normura T, Abe T. Pharmacokinetics of piroxicam a new non-strodial anti-inflammatory agent under fasting and postprandial states in man. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1979; 7: 369-81.
[9] The United States Pharmacopocia, 25th ed. Eastone, USPC Inc., 2005; pp. 1976-7.
[10] Swarbrick J, Lee G, Brom J. Drug permeation through human skin: Permeability of Ionizable compounds. J Pharm Sci 1984; 73:1352-5.
[11] Shah VP, Maibach HI. Topical drug bioavailability, bioeqivalence and penetration. New York: Plenum Publishing Corporation, 1993: pp. 236-57.
[12] Connors KA. Textbook of pharmaceutical analysis. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-Interscience Publications, 1975; p. 49.
[13] Ansel HC. Introduction to pharmaceutical dosage forms. Philadelphia: Lea and Fiberger, 1985; pp.292-5.
[14] Lachman L, Lieberman H A, Kanig J. The theory and practice of industrial pharmacy. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Leo and Fiberger, 1986; pp. 534-9.
[15] Hsu LR, TsaiY, Huang YB. The effect of pretreament by penetration enhancers the in vivo percutaneus absorption of piroxicam from its gel form in rabbits. Inter J Pharm 1991; 71: 193-200.
- Abstract Viewed: 67 times
- IJPS_Volume 2_Issue 4_Pages 177-184 Downloaded: 17 times