International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences

Introduction: Drug abuse by a family member is associated with adverse psychological consequences for other family members. The research background indicates the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the psychological components of addiction. This study was conducted aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on improving mental health and quality of life of the addicted spouses. Methods: In double-blind randomized clinical trial, from April to September 2016, 30 patients under methadone maintenance treatment were selected through respondent-driven sampling and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups by block randomization. Cognitive-behavioral therapy was presented to the experimental group in the form of a classic protocol in eight weekly sessions and the control group was merely received routine treatments of the center. Data were collected at two intervals of before and after treatment by two mental health and quality of life questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed using covariance analysis in the software environment of SPSS 22. Results: The primary outcomes showed that the mental health index was significantly improved in the experimental group (0.000). Also, the secondary outcomes showed an increase in the scores of quality of life (0.000). Conclusion: The results of this study, while confirming the research background on the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the psychological indices of families with an addicted member, can be used in designing of treatment interventions in the field of addiction. However, further studies are needed in this regard.

Introduction: Internet addiction has negative consequences, including physical, psychological, social and educational problems. The current research intended to assess the mediation role of coping strategies in relation with psychological needs and internet addiction.Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed 375 students (129 male, 244 female) from Karaj Islamic Azad University in 2018 selected by stratified sampling. Data collected by self-report method. Research instruments were internet addiction test, satisfaction of psychological needs questionnaire and coping response scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS v.19 and using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients and Concurrent hierarchical Regression analysis.Results: Pearson correlation coefficients showed negative correlations between autonomy, relatedness, competence and internet addiction (P<0.01). There is negative correlation between autonomy, relatedness, competence and maladaptive coping strategy (P<0.01) and positive correlation between maladaptive coping and internet addiction (P<0.01). Also, Hierarchical regression analysis by Baron and Kenny method showed that maladaptive coping is mediator between and satisfaction of psychological needs and internet addiction.Conclusion: in general, this results indicate that high level of satisfaction of psychological needs are associated with low level of internet addiction and unsatisfied of psychological needs has positive impact in maladaptive coping strategy, subsequently maladaptive coping increases internet addiction.Declaration interest: None.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of object relation approach on
ego strength and communicational patterns among married women with breast cancer.
Method: The present experimental study included pre-test, post-test with the control group design. The
statistical population of this study consisted of all 40-60 years old women with breast cancer in Tabriz.
Thirty people were selected by sampling method and were randomly placed in both experimental and control
groups. The Instruments used in this study were psychological inventory of ego strength (PIES) and
Christensen and Suhhaway communicational patterns questionnaire (CPQ). The experimental group received
object relations training for six 90-minutes sessions, one session in a week. Analysis of the data was done
using descriptive and inferential tests such as covariance analysis was conducted.
Results: The findings showed that difference between two groups of the experimental and control one was
significant in terms of ego strength (p<0.001) and mutual constructive patterns (p<0.001) .
Conclusion: Based on the results, the object relation approach has a significant impact on the modulation of
the ego's strength, by modifying and improving the defense mechanisms of the patients. Also this approach
improves the communication patterns of women with breast cancer. They were able to communicate more
mature with the spouse and family thus they were able to improve their communication patterns. Object
relation approach can be used in similar cases.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is one of the most serious causes of neurodevelopmental disorder in young adults, which can reduce libido, self-esteem and emotional reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of sexual function in predicting anxiety, stress, and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis.  Method: The present study was a cross-sectional study. The data of the present study were collected during April to July 2018. For this purpose, 132 patients were selected through purposive sampling method among women with Multiple Sclerosis under the coverage of MS Society of Iran. Demographic checklist, structured clinical interview, self-esteem scale, female sexual function index, and depression, anxiety and stress scale were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test, linear regression analysis and step-by-step analysis in SPSS software environment.  Results: Data analysis showed that sexual function among patients was a predictor of anxiety and stress (all B's > 2.44; all p's <0.035), but failed to predict depression (p>0.05).  Conclusion: The results of this study reflect the difference in the fundamental and multidimensional nature of depression compared to anxiety and stress indices. This findings showed sexual function in predicting depression index is insignificant. In fact, depression index is more complex than anxiety and stress, although they have common pathologic base. The results of this study can be used to design new pathologic approaches 
Declaration of Interest: None.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mediator of spirituality in the relationship between resilience and quality of life in patients with type 2- diabetes.  Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 300 patients with type 2-diabetes participated in this study with purposive sampling method. Quality of life, resilience and spirituality questionnaires were used to collect data. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling was used. Results: The results showed that resilience and spirituality are good predictors of quality of life. Also, based on the findings of structural equation modeling, there are significant and positive causal relationships between resilience, spirituality and quality of life, and the role of mediator of spirituality in the relationship between resilience and quality of life has been confirmed. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the use of spirituality as a coping strategy in people with high resilience will lead to improvement in quality of life. Declaration of Interest: None.