A Comparative Study of Enamel Surface Roughness after Bleaching with Diode Laser and Nd: YAG Laser
Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences,
Vol. 7 No. 3 (2016),
17 July 2016
,
Page 197-200
Abstract
Introduction: Bleaching process can affect surface roughness of enamel, which is a vital factor in esthetic and resistance of tooth. The aim of this study was to compare surface roughness of enamel in teeth bleached using Diode and Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd: YAG) lasers with those bleached using conventional method.
Methods: In this study, 75 anterior human teeth from upper and lower jaws were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1: Laser white gel (Biolase, USA) with 45% hydrogen peroxide concentration and GaAlAs Diode laser (CHEESETM, GIGAA, China), group 2: Heydent gel (JW, Germany) with 30% Hydrogen peroxide concentration and Diode laser, group 3: Laser white gel and Nd:YAG laser (FIDELISTM, Fotona, Slovenia), group 4: Heydent gel and Nd:YAG laser and group 5: The Iranian gel Kimia (Iran) with 35% hydrogen peroxide concentration were used. Surface roughness of the samples was measured using the Surface Roughness Tester system (TR 200 Time Group, Germany) before and after bleaching. In each group, one sample was randomly selected for SEM analysis.
Results: The results showed that the mean surface roughness of the teeth before and after bleaching had a significant difference in all the study groups. It was indicated that after bleaching, the mean surface roughness had increased in all the study groups. The highest surface roughness was seen in the conventional bleaching group and the lowest surface roughness was reported in group 3 (laser white gel + diode laser), in which the average surface roughness increased by only 0.1 μm.
Conclusion: It was concluded that using the Laser white gel and the diode laser for bleaching resulted in the least surface roughness compared to conventional method.
- Bleaching
- Micro roughness
- Hydrogen Peroxide
- Laser.
How to Cite
References
Leonard RH, Haywood VB, Eagle JC, et al. Nightguard vital bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth: 54 months post treatment. J Esthet Dent. 1999;11:265-277. doi:10.1111/j.1708-8240.1999.tb00408.x.
Ahamed S, Thayyil S, Sathyanarayana SS, Kulandaivelu A, Satheesh Kumar KS, Deepa VK. The effect of power bleaching on enamel microhardness activated by three different light sources: an in vitro study. J Dent Lasers. 2013;7:48-53. doi:10.4103/0976-2868.124262.
Goldstein RE, Garber DA. Complete Dental Bleaching. Chicago: Quintessence Books; 1995. 3.
Fasanaro TS. Bleaching teeth: History, chemicals, and methods used for common tooth discolorations. J Esthet Dent. 1992;4:71 78. doi:10.1111/j.1708-8240.1992. tb00666.x.
Marcondes M, Paranhos MP, Spohr AM, et al. The influence of the Nd:YAG laser bleaching on physical and mechanical properties of the dental enamel. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2009;90(1):388-395. doi:10.1002/jbm.b.31297.
Cadenaro M, Breschi L, Nucci C, et al . Effect of two in-office whitening agents on the enamel surface in vivo: a morphological and non-contact profilometric study. Oper Dent. 2008; 33(2):127-134. doi:10.2341/07-89.
Bitter NC. A scanning electron microscope study of the long-term effect of bleaching agents on the enamel surface in vivo. Gen Dent. 1998;46(1):84-8.
Xu B, Li Q, Wang Y. Effects of pH values of hydrogen peroxide bleaching agents on enamel surface properties. Oper Dent. 2011;36(5):554-62. doi:10.2341/11-045-1.
Berger SB, Cavalli V, Ambrosano GM, Giannini M. Changes in surface morphology and mineralization level of human enamel following in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide and light irradiation. Gen Dent. 2010;58(2):e74-e79.
Joiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2006;34(7):412-419. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2006.02.002.
Pinto CF, de Oliveira R, Cavalli V, Giannini M. Peroxide bleaching agent effects on enamel surface microhardness, roughness and morphology. Braz Oral Res. 2004;18(4):306-311. doi:10.1590/s1806- 83242004000400006.
Dominguez JA, Bittencourt B, Michel M, Sabino N, Gomes JC, Gomes OM . Ultrastructural evaluation of enamel after dental bleaching associated with fluoride. Microsc Res Tech. 2012;75(8):1093-1098. doi:10.1002/jemt.22035.
De Vasconcelos AA, Cunha AG, Borges BC, Vitoriano Jde O, Alves- Junior C, Machado CT . Enamel properties after tooth bleaching with hydrogen/carbamide peroxides in association with a CPP-ACP paste. Acta Odontol Scand. 2012; 70(4):337-343.
Sasaki RT, Arcanjo AJ, Florio FM, Basting RT. Micromorphology and microhardness of enamel after treatment with home-use bleaching agents containing 10% carbamide peroxide and 7.5 % hydrogen peroxide. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009;17(6):611-616. doi:10.1590/s1678- 77572009000600014.
McGuckin RS, Babin JF, Meyer BJ. Alterations in human enamel surface morphology following vital bleaching. J Prosth Dent. 1992;68(5):754-760. doi:10.1016/0022- 3913(92)90197-i.
Mondelli RF, Azevedo JF, Francisconi PA, Ishikiriama SK, Mondelli J. Wear and surface roughness of bovine enamel submitted to bleaching. Eur J Esthet Dent. 2009;4(4):396- 403.
Borges AB, Torres CR, de Souza PA, Caneppele TM, Santos LF, Magalhaes AC . Bleaching gels containing calcium and fluoride: effect on enamel erosion susceptibility. Int J Dent. 2012;2012: 347848. doi:10.1155/2012/347848.
Cavalli V, Arrais CA, Giannini M, Ambrosano GM. High‐concentrated carbamide peroxide bleaching agents effects on enamel surface. J Oral Rehab. 2004;31(2):155-159.
Canay Ş, Çehreli MC. The effect of current bleaching agents on the color of light-polymerized composites in vitro. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;89(5):474-478.
Rosentritt M, Lang R, Plein T, Behr M, Handel G. Discoloration of restorative materials after bleaching application. Quintessence Int. 2005;36(1):33-39.
Ledoux WR, Malloy RB, Hurst RV V, McInnes-Ledoux P, Weinberg R. Structural effects of bleaching on tetracycline-stained vital rat teeth. J Prosth Dent. 1985;54(1):55-59. doi:10.1016/s0022-3913(85)80070-6.
Markovic L, Jordan RA, Lakota N, Gaengler P. Micromorphology of enamel surface after vital tooth bleaching. J Endod. 2007;33(5):607-610. doi:10.1016/j. joen.2007.01.011.
Summitt JB, Robbins JW, Hilton TJ, Schwartz RS. Fundamentals of operative dentistry: a contemporary approach. 3rd ed. USA: Quintessence; 2006.
Attin T, Muller T, Patyk A, Lennon AM. Influence of different bleaching systems on fracture toughness and hardness of enamel. Oper Dent. 2004;29(2):188-195.
Moritz AF, Beer F, Goharkhay K, Schoop U, Strassl M. Oral Laser Appl. Hanover Park, USA: Quintessence; 2006, .
- Abstract Viewed: 932 times
- PDF Downloaded: 486 times