The Effect of Low-Level Laser therapy and Curcumin on the Expression of LC3, ATG10 and BAX/BCL2 Ratio in PC12 Cells Induced by 6-Hydroxide Dopamine
Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences,
Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020),
21 June 2020
,
Page 299-304
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The neuroinflammation in the brain of PD patients is one of the critical processes in the immune pathogenesis of PD leading to the neural loss in the substantia nigra. Due to the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin (CU) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT), we examined the protective effect of CU and LLLT on PC12 cells treated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) as a Parkinson model.
Methods: PC12 cells were pretreated using various concentrations of 6-OHDA for 24 hours to induce oxidative and cellular damages. PC12-6-OHDA cells were co-treated with CU and LLLT. The effects of CU and LLLT on Bax/Bcl2 and LC3/ATG10 expression were analyzed by real-time PCR and cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Cell A Software was used to calculate the length of the Neurite and cell body areas.
Results: The results of this study show that the combination of CU dose-dependently and LLLT has a significant neuroprotective effect on cells and cellular death significantly decreases by increasing CU concentration. CU+LLLT decreases Bax/Bcl2 ratio which is an indicator of apoptosis and it also rescued a decrease in LC3 and ATG10 expression in comparison with 6-OHDA group.
Conclusion: This study shows that the combination of 5 μM CU and LLLT has the best neuroprotective effect on PC12 cells against 6-OHDA by decreasing the BAX/BCL2 ratio.
- LLLT
- Curcumin
- LC3
- BAX/BCL2
- ATG10
- 6-OHDA
How to Cite
References
Chao Y, Wong SC, Tan EK. Evidence of inflammatory system involvement in Parkinson’s disease.
Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:308654. doi: 10.1155/2014/308654.
Ebrahimi-Fakhari D, Wahlster L, McLean PJ. Protein degradation pathways in Parkinson’s disease:
curse or blessing. Acta Neuropathol. 2012;124(2):153-72. doi: 10.1007/s00401-012-1004-6.
Niknazar S, Nahavandi A, Peyvandi AA, Peyvandi H, Roozbahany NA, Abbaszadeh HA. Hippocampal
NR3C1 DNA methylation can mediate part of preconception paternal stress effects in rat offspring. Behav
Brain Res. 2017;324:71-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.02.014.
Dias V, Junn E, Mouradian MM. The role of oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease. J Parkinsons Dis.
;3(4):461-91. doi: 10.3233/JPD-130230.
Li B, Xiao L, Wang ZY, Zheng PS. Knockdown of STIM1 inhibits 6-hydroxydopamine-induced
oxidative stress through attenuating calcium-dependent ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in
undifferentiated PC12 cells. Free Radic Res. 2014;48(7):758-68. doi: 10.3109/10715762.2014.905687.
Wang YH, Xuan ZH, Tian S, Du GH. Echinacoside protects against 6-Hydroxydopamine-induced
mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory responses in PC12 cells via reducing ROS production. Evid
Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:189239. doi: 10.1155/2015/189239.
Joe B, Vijaykumar M, Lokesh BR. Biological properties of curcumin-cellular and molecular
mechanisms of action. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2004;44(2):97-111. doi: 10.1080/10408690490424702.
Goel A, Kunnumakkara AB, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin as “Curecumin”: from kitchen to clinic.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2008;75(4):787-809. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.08.016.
Menon VP, Sudheer AR. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. Adv Exp Med
Biol. 2007;595:105-125. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-46401-5_3.
Alexander JA, Castillo M, Hoffman JC Jr. Magnetic resonance findings in a patient with internuclear
ophthalmoplegia. Neuroradiological-clinical correlation. J Clin Neuroophthalmol. 1991;11(1):58-61.
Kowluru RA, Kanwar M. Effects of curcumin on retinal oxidative stress and inflammation in
diabetes. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2007;4:8. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-4-8.
Chan WH, Wu HJ, Hsuuw YD. Curcumin inhibits ROS formation and apoptosis in methylglyoxal-
treated human hepatoma G2 cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1042:372-378. doi: 10.1196/annals.1338.057.
Mohsenifar Z, Fridoni M, Ghatrehsamani M, Abdollahifar MA, Abbaszadeh H, Mostafavinia A, et al.
Evaluation of the effects of pulsed wave LLLTT on tibial diaphysis in two rat models of experimental
osteoporosis, as examined by stereological and real-time PCR gene expression analyses. Lasers Med Sci.
;31(4):721-32. doi: 10.1007/s10103-016-1916-9.
Sefati N, Abbaszadeh HA, Fathabady FF, Abdollahifar MA, Khoramgah MS, Darabi S, Amini A,
Tahmasebinia F, Norouzian M. The combined effects of mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media and
low-level laser on stereological and biomechanical parameter in hypothyroidism rat model. Journal of
lasers in medical sciences. 2018;9(4):243. doi: 10.15171/jlms.2018.44
Darabi SH, Tiraihi T, Noori-Zadeh A, Rajaei F, Darabi L, Abbaszadeh HA. Creatine and retinoic acid
effects on the induction of autophagy and differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells into
GABAergic-like neurons. J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2017;19(8):41-9.
Awasthi S, Pandya U, Singhal SS, Lin JT, Thiviyanathan V, Seifert WE Jr, et al. Curcumin-
glutathione interactions and the role of human glutathione S-transferase P1-1. Chem Biol Interact.
;128(1):19-38. doi: 10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00185-x.
Chen J, Tang XQ, Zhi JL, Cui Y, Yu HM, Tang EH, et al. Curcumin protects PC12 cells against 1-
methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion-induced apoptosis by bcl-2-mitochondria-ROS-iNOS pathway.
Apoptosis. 2006 Jun 1;11(6):943-53.
Chang CH, Chen HX, Yü G, Peng CC, Peng RY. Curcumin-protected PC12 cells against glutamate-
induced oxidative toxicity. Food Technol Biotechnol. 2014;52(4):468-78.
https://doi.org/10.17113/ftb.52.04.14.3622
Uttara B, Singh AV, Zamboni P, Mahajan RT. Oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases: a
review of upstream and downstream antioxidant therapeutic options. Current neuropharmacology. 2009;
(1):65-74. doi: 10.2174/157015909787602823
Kim KM, Pae HO, Zhung M, Ha HY, Ha YA, Chai KY, et al. Involvement of anti-inflammatory
heme oxygenase-1 in the inhibitory effect of curcumin on the expression of pro-inflammatory inducible
nitric oxide synthase in RAW264.7 macrophages. Biomed Pharmacother. 2008;62(9):630-6. doi:
1016/j.biopha.2008.01.008.
Abramova NA, Cassarino DS, Khan SM, Painter TW, and Bennett JP Jr. Inhibition by R(+) or S(-)
pramipexole of caspase activation and cell death induced by methylpyridinium ion or beta amyloid
peptide in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma. J Neurosci Res. 2002;67(4):494-500. doi: 10.1002/jnr.10127.
Tang XQ, Feng JQ, Chen J, Chen PX, Zhi JL, Cui Y, et al. Protection of oxidative preconditioning
against apoptosis induced by H2O2 in PC12 cells: mechanisms via MMP, ROS, and Bcl-2. Brain Res.
1057(1-2):57-64. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.07.072.
Ghorabi MT, Aliaghaei A, Sadeghi Y, Shaerzadeh F, Rad AA, Mohamadi R, et al. Evidence
supporting the neuroprotective effect of adipose derived stem cells on PC12 cells against oxidative stress
induced by H2O2. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2017;63(3):1-6. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.3.1.
Clementi ME, Pani G, Sampaolese B, Tringali G. Punicalagin reduces H 2 O 2 -induced cytotoxicity and
apoptosis in PC12 cells by modulating the levels of reactive oxygen species. Nutr Neurosci.
;21(6):447-454. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1306935.
- Abstract Viewed: 723 times
- PDF Downloaded: 498 times