Numerical Modeling and Clinical Evaluation of Pulsed Dye Laser and Copper Vapor Laser in Skin Vascular Lesions Treatment
Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences,
Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019),
18 December 2018
,
Page 44-49
Abstract
Introduction: Different yellow lasers have been successfully used for the treatment of vascular lesions. This study is aimed to ascertain the role and efficiency of copper vapor lasers (CVLs) and pulsed dye lasers (PDLs) for the treatment of vascular lesions using numerical modeling and to compare results with our clinical experience. In this study we aimed to develop criteria for the choice of more efficient laser exposure mode, investigate more relevant modes of laser irradiation to ensure selective photothermolysis of target vessels, and compare the CVL and PDL efficiency in the course of patients with skin vascular lesions (SVL) treatment.Methods: We performed numerical simulation of the processes of heating a vessel with CVL and PDL to temperatures at which its coagulation could occur. Calculated fluencies were compared with clinical results of laser therapy performed on 1242 patients with skin hemangiomas and vascular malformations (SHVM), including 635 patients treated with CVL and 607 patients treated with PDL. PDL and CVL provided excellent results in 40 and ten days after treatment. The treatment was not painful. Patients did not need anesthesia. Postoperative crusts were greater with PDL than with CVL.
Results: Results of computer simulation of a selective vessel heating using PDL and CVL radiation are presented. By results obtained, depth of the location and sizes of vessels that could be selectively heated to more than 75°C are determined.
Conclusion: Based on calculated and clinical data, the heating mode for dysplastic vessels using a series of CVL micropulses could be regarded to be safer and more efficient than the mode of a PDL short, powerful pulse.
- Copper vapor laser
- Pulse dye laser
- Micropulse mode
- Vascular malformations
- Laser treatment
- Selective photothermolysis
- Port wine spots
- Telangiectasia
How to Cite
References
Valdebran M, Martin B, Kelly KM. State-of-the-art lasers and light treatments for vascular lesions: from red faces to vascular malformations. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2017;36(4):207-212. doi:10.12788/j.sder.2017.044
Seirafi H, Farnaghi F, Ehsani A, Asghari Shiekhi M, Gholamali F, Noormohammadpour P. Refractory Port Wine Stains (PWS): Long Pulsed Alexandrite Laser as an Option. J Lasers Med Sci. 2012;3(4):160-164.
Rahimi H, Hassannejad H, Moravvej H. Successful Treatment of Unilateral Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome With Pulsed-Dye Laser in a 2-Week Old Infant. J Lasers Med Sci. 2017;8(2):98-100. doi:10.15171/jlms.2017.18
van Raath MI, Bambach CA, Dijksman LM, Wolkerstorfer A, Heger M. Prospective analysis of the port-wine stain patient population in the Netherlands in light of novel treatment modalities. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2018;20(2):77- 84. doi:10.1080/14764172.2017.1368669
Brauer JA, Farhadian JA, Bernstein LJ, Bae YS, Geronemus RG. Pulsed Dye Laser at Subpurpuric Settings for the Treatment of Pulsed Dye Laser-Induced Ecchymoses in Patients With Port-Wine Stains. Dermatol Surg. 2018;44(2):220-226. doi:10.1097/dss.0000000000001255
Tan W, Zakka LR, Gao L, et al. Pathological alterations involve the entire skin physiological milieu in infantile and early-childhood port-wine stain. Br J Dermatol. 2017;177(1):293-296. doi:10.1111/bjd.15068
Li D, Chen B, Wu W, Ying Z. Experimental investigation on the vascular thermal response to near-infrared laser pulses. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(9):2023-2038. doi:10.1007/s10103- 017-2311-x
Feder I, Duadi H, Dreifuss T, Fixler D. The influence of the blood vessel diameter on the full scattering profile from cylindrical tissues: experimental evidence for the shielding effect. J Biophotonics. 2016;9(10):1001-1008. doi:10.1002/ jbio.201500218
Li D, Farshidi D, Wang GX, et al. A comparison of microvascular responses to visible and near-infrared lasers. Lasers Surg Med. 2014;46(6):479-487. doi:10.1002/ lsm.22250
Milanic M, Jia W, Nelson JS, Majaron B. Numerical optimization of sequential cryogen spray cooling and laser irradiation for improved therapy of port wine stain. Lasers Surg Med. 2011;43(2):164-175. doi:10.1002/lsm.21040
Svaasand LO. Physics of laser-induced hyperthermia. In: Welch AJ, van Gemert MJC, eds. Optical-thermal response of laser-irradiated tissue. Boston, MA: Springer US; 1995:765-787.
Star WM. Diffusion theory of light transport. In: Welch AJ, van Gemert MJC, eds. Optical-thermal response of laser-irradiated tissue. Boston, MA: Springer US; 1995:131-206.
Pushkareva AE, Ponomarev IV, Topchiy SB, Klyuchareva SV. Comparative numerical analysis and optimization of blood vessels heated using various lasers. Laser Phys. 2018;28(9):096003.
Lucassen GW, Verkruysse W, Keijzer M, van Gemert MJ. Light distributions in a port wine stain model containing multiple cylindrical and curved blood vessels. Lasers Surg Med. 1996;18(4):345-357. doi:10.1002/(sici)1096- 9101(1996)18:4<345::aid-lsm3>3.0.co;2-s
Li D, Wang GX, He YL, et al. A two-temperature model for selective photothermolysis laser treatment of port wine stains. Appl Therm Eng. 2013;59(1-2):41-51. doi:10.1016/j. applthermaleng.2013.05.007
Choi B, Tan W, Jia W, et al. The Role of Laser Speckle Imaging in Port-Wine Stain Research: Recent Advances and Opportunities. IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron. 2016;2016(3). doi:10.1109/jstqe.2015.2493961
Yu W, Zhu J, Wang L, et al. Double Pass 595 nm Pulsed Dye Laser Does Not Enhance the Efficacy of Port Wine Stains Compared with Single Pass: A Randomized Comparison with Histological Examination. Photomed Laser Surg. 2018;36(6):305-312. doi:10.1089/pho.2017.4392
Grillo E, Rita Travassos A, Boixeda P, et al. Histochemical Evaluation of the Vessel Wall Destruction and Selectivity After Treatment with Intense Pulsed Light in Capillary Malformations. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107(3):215-223. doi:10.1016/j.ad.2015.10.006
Majdabadi A, Abazari M. Study of Interaction of Laser with Tissue Using Monte Carlo Method for 1064nm Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd:YAG) Laser. J Lasers Med Sci. 2015;6(1):22-27.
Husain Z, Alster TS. The role of lasers and intense pulsed light technology in dermatology. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2016;9:29-40. doi:10.2147/ccid.s69106
Waibel JS, Holmes J, Rudnick A, Woods D, Kelly KM. Angiographic optical coherence tomography imaging of hemangiomas and port wine birthmarks. Lasers Surg Med. 2018. doi:10.1002/lsm.22816
Dierickx CC, Casparian JM, Venugopalan V, Farinelli WA, Anderson RR. Thermal relaxation of port-wine stain vessels probed in vivo: the need for 1-10-millisecond laser pulse treatment. J Invest Dermatol. 1995;105(5):709-714.
Komarova YA, Kruse K, Mehta D, Malik AB. Protein Interactions at Endothelial Junctions and Signaling Mechanisms Regulating Endothelial Permeability. Circ Res. 2017;120(1):179-206. doi:10.1161/circresaha.116.306534
Cao Y, Wang F, Jia Q, et al. One Possible Mechanism of Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment on Infantile Hemangioma: Induction of Endothelial Apoptosis and Serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Level Changes. J Lasers Med Sci. 2014;5(2):75-81.
Choi B, Tan W, Jia W, et al. The Role of Laser Speckle Imaging in Port-Wine Stain Research: Recent Advances and Opportunities. IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron. 2016;2016(3). doi:10.1109/jstqe.2015.2493961
Neumann RA, Knobler RM, Leonhartsberger H, Gebhart W. Comparative histochemistry of port-wine stains after copper vapor laser (578 nm) and argon laser treatment. J Invest Dermatol. 1992;99(2):160-167.
- Abstract Viewed: 518 times
- PDF Downloaded: 408 times