Bioethics and Health Law Journal (BHL)

Health has other dimensions in addition to its physical dimension. Health is a result of socioeconomic and cultural life conditions and qualities and has a close relation with economic stability, environment, neighborhood situation, health care, social and cultural context, education level and knowledge. In this study, we examined the possible effect of social factors on diverse health levels. The aim is to investigate the relationship between health and independent variables such as lifestyle, health literacy and socioeconomic status.  Data were gathered with a survey method and 256 sample sizes of 3 and 16 municipal districts of Tehran using structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Validity was examined by content validity and reliability was examined by Cronbach’s alpha. Data were analyzed with SPSS software. In this study, verbal informed consent of participants was obtained, followed by an explanation about the purpose of the study, anonymity and confidentiality of patients' information. Results indicate that the general condition of health has a significant relation with all independent variables (lifestyle, health literacy and socioeconomic status). In examining the relation of two dimensions of physical and mental health with independent variables, physical health has a significant relationship with gender, healthy lifestyle, health literacy, social support and socioeconomic status; and mental health has a significant relationship with a healthy lifestyle, health literacy and social capital. Analysis of stepwise regression shows that independent variables explain 9 percent of health variation, so that health literacy has more effect and with adding demographical variables increases to 17 percent.

Gametes (Sperm & ovule) cryopreservation method is one of the resent subjects in medical fertility that helps child bearing in the future The cryopreservation-anybody that cannot bearing child nonce-with the purpose of bearing genetic children in the future, have been frozen their gametes and store them in gamete cryopreservation banks, but in some cases because of changing their opinion about having child or curing their disease and being able to nature procreation the applicants don’t need their frozen gametes nevermore. So, some of them tend selling them. But because of descent affiliation and its Judicial-Legal effects there is a big challenge between the opponents and consents about their transaction. On the other hand todays, human gametes trading is one of the most important problems, so it seems considering this topic is essential, but unfortunately there is not any academic research in this field in Iran. So, in this project we hardly tried to find the best Judicial-Legal solutions the problems in this field, because this is an applied and theoretical research in the theology field, there is no material. The main method in this research is bookcase. According to jurisprudence opinions based on the gametes’ impurity the human gamete transaction had been prohibited in the past, but attentions show that it refers to their usage at that time not their impurity so this prohibition cannot be entirely. Todays, because of their different medical, pharmacist, fertility, etc... usages they can be considered as property and there isn’t any prohibition for their transaction because of impurity. However, there isn’t any Judicial-Legal problems for transaction human frozen gametes which are extant in cryopreservation banks but, for the legal prohibition of donation medical fertility and marriage cancelling in bearing child at single status their transaction for the purpose of fertility is forbidden. But in some case such as medical, pharmacist, fertility, etc... researches according to the ethical codes it is permitted.

The persistence of personal data in digital environments has created new challenges for the protection of children’s fundamental rights, particularly the right to health understood as encompassing psychological well-being, personal development and dignity. This study examines the right to be forgotten as an emerging legal mechanism capable of safeguarding children’s right to health in the age of permanent digital memory. This research adopts a doctrinal and analytical-descriptive approach in international law. Relevant legal instruments, judicial decisions and interpretative documents including the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union are examined to evaluate the normative relationship between the right to be forgotten and the child’s right to health. The analysis demonstrates that the right to be forgotten functions not only as a data protection mechanism but also as a preventive safeguard against psychological harm, reputational damage and long-term developmental risks arising from the permanent accessibility of childhood data. A child-centered interpretation of this right strengthens the protection of mental health, identity formation and informational autonomy. The study concludes that the right to be forgotten should be recognized as an integral component of the child’s right to health in the digital environment. Effective realization of this right requires child-oriented legal standards, enhanced platform accountability and accessible mechanisms enabling children to regain control over their digital identities.

Four scholarly physicians and great scientists and influential in the medicine of the Islamic territory emerged after the fall of the Sasanian kingdom and the Arabs domination over Iran and the propagation of the Arabic language in Iran, who were very respected and cherished from the viewpoint of medicine and national etiquette and other fields of science. These four people, who are the architects of quadruplet pillars of Islamic medicine, are Ibn Raban Tabari, Muhammad Ibn Zakariya Razi, Ali Ibn Abbas Majosi Ahwazi and Sheikh al-Raees Abu Ali Sina in the order of date of birth, who generally was writing in Tazi language. Seyyed Ismail Jurjani, Heravi, Akhvini, Aburihan Biruni and Farabi came into being after these first- class stars of the Islamic world that all of them were Persian writers, but Seyyed Ismail Jurjani was at the head of all these dignitaries, who in fact he has been the beginning of this movement and the modern era of Iranian medicine. Seyyed Ismail Jurjani was born in Jurjan in 531 AH and died AH in Merv in 531. The importance of this great physician is that He has written all medical and other works in Persian language. Also, he has authored the most reliable and detailed of a medical book after Abu Ali Sina's “Law in Medicine” called “Zakhireye Khwarazmshahi”. This medical work has always been considered one of the medicine pillars since authoring to after that. This honorable work includes all medical topics until the author's lifetime and is remarkable in terms of including the number of Persian words and terms which is used in medicine and pharmacy. Other medical books of Seyyed Ismail Jurjani which has been written in Farsi and they have always been used and Iranian physicians have referred to them in recent centuries, are the Agharaz, Yadgar and Khafi Alaei books. In fact, Seyyed Ismail Jurjani is the one who has revived medicine and other sciences with his ballads, according to al-Bayhaghi. In addition to that, “Modernization of Iranian Medicine” also begins with the appearance of medical works in the Persian language of Seyyed Ismail Jurjani.