Biometrics and Health Law Institute; International Think-Tank of Human Dignity; ​Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • Login
  • Register
  • Submit Manuscript

Bioethics and Health Law Journal (BHL)

  • Home
  • Journal Information
    • About the Journal
    • Indexing & Abstracting
    • Submissions
    • Editorial Team
    • Privacy Statement
    • Contact us
  • Issues
    • Current
    • Archives
    • Search
  • Register
  • Submit Manuscript
  • Ethics
    • Ethical Requirements
    • Plagiarism Policy
    • Authorship conflicts
    • Malpractice statements
    • Copyright Notice
    • Intellectual properties
    • Privacy Statement
  • Announcements
Advanced Search
  1. Home
  2. Archives
  3. Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): Continuous Volume
  4. Review Article

Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023)

February 2026

Judicial-Legal Consideration of Transaction Extant Human Frozen Gametes in Cryopreservation Banks

  • Nazli Mahmoodian
  • Mahmoud Abbasi

Bioethics and Health Law Journal (BHL), Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023), 16 February 2026
https://doi.org/10.22037/bhl.v3i3.40641 Published: 2026-02-22

  • View Article
  • Download
  • Cite
  • References
  • Statastics
  • Share

Abstract

Gametes (Sperm & ovule) cryopreservation method is one of the resent subjects in medical fertility that helps child bearing in the future The cryopreservation-anybody that cannot bearing child nonce-with the purpose of bearing genetic children in the future, have been frozen their gametes and store them in gamete cryopreservation banks, but in some cases because of changing their opinion about having child or curing their disease and being able to nature procreation the applicants don’t need their frozen gametes nevermore. So, some of them tend selling them. But because of descent affiliation and its Judicial-Legal effects there is a big challenge between the opponents and consents about their transaction. On the other hand todays, human gametes trading is one of the most important problems, so it seems considering this topic is essential, but unfortunately there is not any academic research in this field in Iran. So, in this project we hardly tried to find the best Judicial-Legal solutions the problems in this field, because this is an applied and theoretical research in the theology field, there is no material. The main method in this research is bookcase. According to jurisprudence opinions based on the gametes’ impurity the human gamete transaction had been prohibited in the past, but attentions show that it refers to their usage at that time not their impurity so this prohibition cannot be entirely. Todays, because of their different medical, pharmacist, fertility, etc... usages they can be considered as property and there isn’t any prohibition for their transaction because of impurity. However, there isn’t any Judicial-Legal problems for transaction human frozen gametes which are extant in cryopreservation banks but, for the legal prohibition of donation medical fertility and marriage cancelling in bearing child at single status their transaction for the purpose of fertility is forbidden. But in some case such as medical, pharmacist, fertility, etc... researches according to the ethical codes it is permitted.

Keywords:
  • Frozen Gametes
  • Fertility Preservation
  • Transaction
  • Fertility
  • PDF

How to Cite

Mahmoodian, N., & Abbasi, M. . (2026). Judicial-Legal Consideration of Transaction Extant Human Frozen Gametes in Cryopreservation Banks. Bioethics and Health Law Journal (BHL), 3(3). https://doi.org/10.22037/bhl.v3i3.40641
  • ACM
  • ACS
  • APA
  • ABNT
  • Chicago
  • Harvard
  • IEEE
  • MLA
  • Turabian
  • Vancouver
  • Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
  • BibTeX

References

References:
1-Taghavi, Nazila ,others.Legal & Ethical Concerning Consideration Fertility Preservation,Iranian Forensic Medicine Journal ,2016,V3,p215
2-Ansari M.Almakaseb. Entesharat konghereh bozorghdasht Sheykh Ansari. 3th ed.1386.1 vol.p22
3-Maki, Mohammad.Al-ghavaed va Al-favaed, Qom:Mofid, No date, vol. 2, p. 85
4-Naeb Zadeh A. Barrasi Hoghoghi raveshhaye Novin Barvari Msnooi. 1st ed.Tehran:Majd.1380.p371.
5-Hor Ameli Z. Vasael al-Shieh. 4th ed. Tehran:Eslamiyyeh; 1397. Vol.14 p.172; Vol.17 p.133.
6-Ghazi Namani. Daaem Al-Isalam .Ejept,Daralmaaref.2004, N2, p18
7-Shahidi,M.Civil law 3,Tehran: Majd,19th pub, , 2015, p. 349
8-Rezaniya MR. Barvarihaye Pezeshki az DidkahFeghh va Hoghogh. 1st ed. Qom: Boostan Ketab; 2001, p. 287
9-Asadinejad, M; Taghavi, N.Theological,legal and Ethic study of Cryopreservation Embryo and Gamete contract in Iranian Law with glance to some countries, Tehran: Majd. 2016, p. 50
10- Mahmoodian.N,Others.Judicial-Legal relationship between cryopreservation applicants and their frozen gametes in cryopreservation banks , Judicial basis of Islamic Law,2017,pp91-118-p110,v20
1-Yaghoubi Isfahani,A.Al-mavaheb fi tahrir Ahkam Al-makaseb.Qom:Emam Sadegh instatut 2004, pp. 78-80
12-Mohseni Khandahari,S. Al-Feghh va Masael Tebiyeh ,Qom:Hoze elmmiyeh Qom,2016, 182-185
13-Mohaghegh Damad SM.Feghhe Pezeshki , Tehran: nashrehoghoghi,2010, p265
14-Roohani Ali Abadi M. Hokm Shari Talghih Sperm Bikhaneh. Tehran: Pazhooheshkadeh Biolozhi Tooled
Mesl; 1377. p.283.
15-Fattahi, H. Article Collection of 2th Islamic recommendation in Medicine congress ,Iran, Mashhad2001, pp. 205-225
16-Ziyad ,A S.Atfal Al-A nabib bein Al-elm va Al-shariah ,Jordan,Sl-dar Al-arabia lel- ulom Ziad, Ahmad Salameh, 2008, 95
17-Shafei pour ,A.Noor Al-dini,H, ,Comparative judicial studying of gamete selling, Judicial basis of
Islamic Law,2017,pp149-186p179,v19
18-Makarem Shirazi ,N. Ahkam Pezeshki. 3rd ed.Qom: Emam Ali; 1391. p.81.
19-Mahmoodian N,Abbasi ,M. Jurisprudence-Legal Consideration of Single-Status Childbearing, International Journal of Medicine Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 2020; 10(3):28972
20-Tofigh Attar, A. Dor al-Eslam fi Tatoor al-Ghanoon al-Arabi al-Ghadim. Al-Azhar Jornal 1389; 41(1): 121-149
21-Mahmoodian, N,others. [Jurisprudential consideration concerning fertility preservation by Gamete Cryopreservation method.(Persian)]Medicine Feghh Journal. 2017-2018; 9(34):23-39.
22-Mahmoodian, N. [Jurisprudential consideration concerningfertility preservation by Gamete Cryopreservation method(Persian)]. Tehran: Nashre Hoghoghi; 2020.
  • Abstract Viewed: 31 times
  • PDF Downloaded: 38 times

Download Statastics

  • Linkedin
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • Google Plus
  • Telegram

Developed By

Open Journal Systems

Information

  • For Readers
  • For Authors
  • For Librarians
  • Home
  • Archives
  • Submissions
  • About the Journal
  • Editorial Team
  • Contact

This journal is distributed under the terms of CC BY-NC 3.0. Design and publishing by SBMU journals. All credits and honors to PKP for their OJS. 

 Sitemap | ISSN-ONLINE: 2538-3272

Support Contact: dr.taheri@sbmu.ac.ir 

 

Powered by OJSPlus