Performance Indicators in Emergency Medical Services: A Scoping Re-view of Dashboard Applications in the Context of Crisis Management
学术急诊医学档案,
卷 14 编号 1 (2026),
1 十月 2025
,
第 e50 页
https://doi.org/10.22037/aaem.v14i1.3075
摘要
Background: Emergency medical services (EMS) are critical for responding to crises and mass casualty incidents (MCIs). Rapid decision-making and effective patient flow management are essential for improving survival. Digital technologies—particularly dashboards—enable real-time monitoring of performance indicators and data-driven decision-making. This scoping review aimed to identify and classify key performance indicators (KPIs) used in EMS and to examine the role of dashboards in monitoring these indicators in both routine and crisis conditions. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to January 2026, supplemented by gray literature. Two independent reviewers screened titles/abstracts and full texts. Data were extracted using a standardized form and synthesized narratively in accordance with PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. Results: Twenty-six studies were included. KPIs were categorized using the Donabedian model into structure (resources), process (response time, triage, coordination), and outcome (survival, satisfaction). Time-based indicators were most frequent. Eight studies (31%) reported dashboards, all in routine operations. Eight studies (31%) used real-time feedback devices (not classified as dashboards), and ten studies (38%) employed other digital tools. Only one study addressed crisis conditions, and it did not use a dashboard. Conclusion: Dashboards are predominantly applied in routine EMS operations, with very limited evidence in crisis contexts. Developing crisis-specific, context-adaptive dashboards and standardized indicators should be prioritized to support decision-making and coordination in emergencies and disasters.
- Emergency Medical Services
- dashboards
- crisis management
- Performance Indicators
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