The efficacy of mindfulness-based intervention for adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems on reducing mother–adolescent conflict
International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences,
Vol. 3 No. 3 (2016),
26 November 2017
,
Page 15-22
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijabs.v3i3.17694
Abstract
Introduction: Employing mindfulness-based intervention in diverse areas of children, adolescents and families’ mental health is growing increasingly. This method, it seems, could be a unique option in controlling parent-child/adolescent conflicts in the families of adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems, regarding its effect on the capacity of empathy and emotion regulation, as well as executive functions. Here we examine the efficacy of mindfulness-based intervention for adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problem on reducing mother-adolescent conflict.Methods: Child behavior checklist (CBCL), Youth self-report (YSR) of Achenbach system of empirically-based assessment (ASEBA) and parent-adolescent conflict questionnaire (PACQ-A) was administered to a sample of 253 adolescent-mother dyads who accepted the project invitation. 24 adolescents who scored borderline in attention problem subscale, high in externalizing problems scale of CBCL and PACQ-A, and their scores had been confirmed in youth self-report, were chosen and randomly assigned to two experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. The experimental group received 8 weekly mindfulness-based intervention sessions, each taking 2 hours. The adolescents of the control group did not received any intervention for the same duration. Quantitative data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).Results: The experimental group showed a significant reduction in frequency and intensity of conflict, as compared to control group. The multivariate Ƞ2 based on Wilks's Λ was strong, 0.44.Conclusion: The results provided additional and promising evidence for the efficacy of the mindfulness-based intervention in reducing the mother-adolescent conflict in the family of adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems, and may be of pr
- Mother–adolescent conflict
- Attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms
- Externalizing problems
- Mindfulness-based intervention
How to Cite
References
Nigg, JT, & Barkley RA. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In E. M. Mash & R. A. Barkley (Eds.), Child psychopathology. NewYork, NY: Guilford Press; 2014. P75-144.
Robb JA, Sibley MH, Pelham WE, Foster EM, Molina BSG, Gnagy EM, & Kuriyan AB. The estimated annual cost of ADHD to the U.S. education system. School Mental Health 2011; 3, 169–177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12310-011-9057-6.
Balazs J, Kereszteny A. Subthreshold attention deficit hyperactivity in children and adolescents: systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2014. DOI: 10.1007/s00787-013-0514-7.
Rielly NE, Craig WM, Parker KC. Peer and parenting characteristics of boys and girls with subclinical attention problems. J Atten Disord 2006; 9:598–606.
Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, Ruiz P. Synopsis of Psychiatry (11th ed., Vol. 2). New York: Wolters Kluwer; 2015. P . 1171.
Ollendick TH, Jarrett MA, Grills-Taquechel A E, Hovey LD, Wolff J C. Comorbidity as a predictor and moderator of treatment outcome in youth with anxiety, affective, ADHD, and oppositional/conduct disorders. Clinical Psychology Review 2008; 28, 1447–1471.
Bogels SM, Hoogstad B, van Dun L, Schutter SD, Restifo K. Mindfulness Training for Adolescents with Externalizing Disorders and their Parents. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 2008; 36, 193–209. Doi:10.1017/S1352465808004190.
Robin AL. Family Therapy for Adolescents with ADHD. Child Adolesc Psychiatric Clin N Am 2014; 23, 747–756. doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2014.06.001.
Deault LC. A systematic review of parenting in relation to the development of comorbidities and functional impairments in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Child Psychiatry and Human Development 2010; 41, 168–192.
Johnston C, Mash EJ. Families of children with attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder: review and recommendations for future research. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2001; 4: 183 - 207.
Shek DTL. A longitudinal study of the relations between parent–adolescent conflict and adolescent well-being. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 1998; 159, 53–67.
Weymouth BB, Buehler C, Zhou N, Henson RA. A Meta-Analysis of Parent–Adolescent Conflict: Disagreement, Hostility, and Youth Maladjustment. Journal of Family Theory & Review 2016; 8, 95–112. DOI:10.1111/jftr.12126.
Burt SA, McGue M, Krueger RF, Iacono WG. How are parent–child conflict and childhood externalizing symptoms related over time? Development and Psychopathology 2005; 17, 145–165.
Steinberg L (2001). We know some things: parent–adolescent relationships in retrospect and prospect. Journal of Research On Adolescence 2001; 11, 1–19.
Farrell AD, White KS. Peer influences and drug use among urban adolescents: family structure and parent–adolescent relationship as protective factors. Journal Of Consulting And Clinical Psychology 1998; 66, 248–258.
Moffitt T, Caspi A. Childhood predictors differentiate lifecourse persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial pathways among males and females. Development and Psychopathology 2001; 13, 355–375.
Barkley RA, Edwards G, Laneri, M, Fletcher KE, Metevia L. (2001). The efficacy of problem-solving communication training alone, behavior management training alone, and their combination for parent-adolescent conflict in teenagers with ADHD and ODD .Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2001; 69, 1-24.
Barkey RA, Guevremont, DC, Anastopoulos AD, Fletcher KE. A comparison of three family therapy programs for treating family conflicts in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1992; 60, 450-462.
Greco L A, Eifert GH. Treating parent – adolescent conflict: Is acceptance the missing link for an integrative family therapy?. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 2004; 11, 305 – 314.
Sibley MH, Ross JM, Gnagy E M, Dixon L J, Conn B, Pelham W E. J Psychopathol Behav 2004, 35:10–19.
Pelham W E, Meichenbaum D L, Smith B H, Sibley MH, Elizabeth M, Gnagy E M, Bukstein O. (2013). Acute Effects of MPH on the Parent–Teen Interactions of Adolescents With ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders 2013; 1-10. DOI: 10.1177/1087054713480833.
Singh NN, Singh AN, Lancioni GE, Singh J, Winton AW, Adkins AD. (2010). Mindfulness Training for Parents and Their Children with ADHD Increases the Children's Compliance. Journal of Child & Family Studies 2010; 19, 157-166.
Jha AP, Krompinger J, Baime MJ. Mindfulness training modifies subsystems of attention. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience 2007; 7(2), 109-19.
Gratz KL, Tull MT. Emotion regulation as a mechanism of change in acceptance- and mindfulness-based treatments. In Ruth A. Baer (Ed.), Assessing mindfulness and acceptance processes in clients: Illuminating the theory and practice of change. Oakland, CA: Context Press/New Harbinger Publications; 2010. P. 107-133.
Atkinson BJ. Mindfulness Training and the Cultivation of Secure, Satisfying Couple Relationships. Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice 2013; Vol. 2, No. 2, 73–94.
Kabat-Zinn J. “Mindfulness-based interventions in context: past, present, and future.” Clinical Psychology: Science & Practice 2003; 10(2): 144-156.
Laurent HK, Hertz R, Nelson B, Laurent SM. Mindfulness during romantic conflict moderates the impact of negative partner behaviors on cortisol responses. Hormones and Behavior 2016; 79, 45-51.
Carson JW, Carson KM, Gil KM, Baucom DH. Mindfulness-Based Relationship Enhancement. Behavior Therapy 2004; 35, 471—494.
Kemeny ME, Foltz C, Cavanagh JF, Cullen M, Giese-Davis J, Jennings P, Rosenberg EL, Gillath O, Shaver PR, Wallace BA, Ekman P. Contemplative/emotion training reduces negative emotional behavior and promotes prosocial responses. Emotion 2012; 12, 338–350.
Garland E, Gaylord S, Park J. The role of mindfulness in positive reappraisal. Explore (NY) 2009; 5, 37–44. doi:10.1016/j.explore. 2008.10.001.
Alberts HJ, Schneider F, Martijn C. Dealing efficiently with emotions: acceptance-based coping with negative emotions requires fewer resources than suppression. Cognition and Emotion 2012; 26, 863–870. doi:10.1080/02699931.2011.625402.
Borjali A. The effectiveness of mindfulness based on cognitive therapy (MBCT) on reducing the child-parental conflicts in adolescences. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences 2013; 7, 6-1. Persian.
Achenbach T M, Rescorla LA. Manual for the ASEBA School – Age Forms and Profiles. Burlington: University of Vermont 2001.
Minaei A. [Manual for the ASEBA School Age Forms and Profiles. Adaptation and Standardization for the Manual by Thomas M. Achenbach & Leslie A. Rescorla.] 1st ed. Tehran: Ministry of Education and Training. The National Organization for Exceptional Education and Training; 2005. Persian.
Asadi Younesi, MR, mazaheri MA, Shahidi S, Tahmasian, K, fayyaz bakhsh M A. Construction and Validate of a parent-adolescent conflict questionnaire (adolescent's form). Family and Research 2011; 12, 43-70. Persian.
Zylowska L. The Mindfulness Prescription for Adult ADHD. Boston: Trumpeter Books; 2012.
Haydicky J, Shecter C, Wiener J, Ducharme J M. (2015). Evaluation of MBCT for Adolescents with ADHD and Their Parents: Impact on Individual and Family Functioning. J Child Fam Stud 2015; DOI: 10.1007/s10826-013-9815-1.
Kabat-Zinn J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. New York, NY: Delacorte; 1990.
Deci E L, Ryan RM. A motivational approach to self: Integration in personality. In R. Dienstbier (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation: Perspectives on motivation, Vol. 38. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press; 1991.P. 237-288.
Schutte NS, Malouff JM, Bobik C, Coston T D, Greeson C, Jedlicka C, … Wendorf G. (2001). Emotional intelligence and interpersonal relations. The Journal of Social Psychology 2001; 141(4), 523–536.
McGill J, Adler-Baeder F, Rodriguez P. Mindfully in Love: A Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Mindfulness and Relationship Satisfaction. Journal of Human Sciences and Extension 2016; Vol. 4, No 1. 89-101.
Sharma MK, Sharma MP, Marimuthu P. Mindfulness-Based program for Management of Aggression among Youth. Indian J Psychol Med 2016; 38(3): 213-216.
Teasdale J D, Segal Z V, Williams JM, Ridgeway VA, Sonlsby JM, Lan MA. Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by mindfulness-basedcognitive therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2000; 68, 615-623.
Markel C, Wiener J. Attribution Processes in Parent–Adolescent Conflict in Families of Adolescents With and Without ADHD. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science 2014; Vol. 46, No. 1, 40–48.
- Abstract Viewed: 515 times
- PDF Downloaded: 379 times