Sero-epidemiological study of family-members of HBsAg positive chronic carriers in Zahedan city (Southeastern Iran)
Journal of Health in the Field,
,
28 بهمن 2017
چکیده
Background and Aims: The household transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major health problem. The prevalence rate of this infection is reported about 11% to 57% among family members of HBsAg carriers. This study conducted to evaluate serological determinants of chronic hepatitis B infection, especially HBsAg positivity among family members of asymptomatic HBsAg positive carriers in Zahedan city (Southeastern Iran).Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, data were collected for a total of 454 HBsAg – positive cases and 1817 members of their family by trained interviewers and a validated questionnaire. Additionally blood samples were obtained and tittered to detect serologic markers of hepatitis B.
Results: In this study totaly, 454 chronic HBsAg carriers (66% male and 34% female) with an average age of 36 ± 10 years and 1817 of their family members were included. The prevalence rate of HBsAg and HBc-Ab positivity among household members were 19.3% (n = 351) and 51% (n = 573), respectively. The frequency of HBV markers was different by age groups. The highest prevalence rate of HBsAg (35%) and HBc-Ab (32%) positivity were found in the age group of 21-30 years old. Importantly, the mothers of index cases had the highest prevalence of HBsAg positivity compared with their spouses who had the lowest proportion (53.2% vs. 8.4%, p<0.001).
Conclusion: In family members, HBsAg-positivity was greater than the general indigenous population. Suggesting the importance of close contacts for transmission. It was more prevalent in mothers of index cases than their spouses. Suggesting the more efficient mother to child transmission than sexually transmission of HBV. And in those having a history of hepatitis B in maternal family in comparison with the paternal one, which may be due to more efficient transmission from infected mothers to children.
Key words: Hepatitis B, Transmission, Intra-familial, Prevention, Zahedan,
مراجع
WHO, Hepatitis B, Fact sheet N°204, July 2012 [Cited 2013 January 23]. Available from: http://www. who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs204/en/index.html.
Bernier R H, Sampliner R, Gerety R, Tabor E, Hamilton F. Hepatitis B infection in households of chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen, factors associated with prevalence of infection, Am. J. Epidemiol 1982; 116 (2): 199-211.
Alizadeh AH, Ranjbar M, Ansari S, Alavian SM, Shalmani HM, Hekmat L, et al. Intra-familial prevalence of hepatitis B Virologic markers in HBsAg positive family members in Nahavand, Iran. WORLD Gastroenterol 2005; 11(31): 4857-60.
Cirley L, José T, Márcio R, Christian T, Ludmila V, Parviz P, et al. Intrafamilial prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Western Brazilian Amazon region: Epidemiologic and biomolecular study. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2006; 21: 863–68.
Alter MJ, Mast EE. The epidemiology of viral hepatitis in the United States. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1994; 23(3): 437-55.
Zali MR, Mohammad K, Farhadi A, Masjedi MR, Zargar A, Nowroozi A. Epidemiology of hepatitis B in the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 1996; 2: 290-8.
Joshi N, VI’ NK, Kumar A. Age related Seroprevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus Heydarabad, India. Trop Gasroeroenterol 2000; 21(2): 63-65.
Lionis C, Frangoulis E, Koulentalis M, Biziagos E, Kouroumalis E. Prevalence of hepatitis A, B and C markersin in school children of a rural area of Crete, Greece. Eur J Epidemiol 1997; 13: 417-20.
Jang BM, Paiksw ,Hahn OS. Economic evaluation of the social cost of hepatitis B in South Korea, J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16: 301-08.
Alavian SM , Mostajabi P , Malekzadeh R , Azimi K , Vosoogh H, Sarrafi M. Evaluation of Hepatitis B Transmission Risk Factors in Tehran Blood Donors. Govaresh 2004; 9(3). 169-174.
Salehi M, Alavian S M, Tabatabaei S V, Izadi S, Sanei Moghaddam E, et al. Seroepidemiology of HBV Infection in south-east of Iran; A Population Based Study. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2012 May; 14(5): 283–288.
Hasanjani Mr, Mohraz M, Velayati AA. Possible Transmission Of Hepatitis B Virus Between Spouses And Their Children In Babol. (Northern Iran) Tropical Doctor 2007; 37: 245-47.
PourShams A, Nasiri J, Mohammadkhani A, Nasrollahzadeh D. Hepatitis B in Gonbad-Kavoos: prevalence, risk factors and intrafamilial spreading. Govaresh 2004; 9: 222-25.
Ucmak H, Faruk Kokoglu O, Celik M, Ergun UG. Intra-familial spread of hepatitis B virus infection in eastern Turkey. Epidemiol Infect 2007; 135(8): 1338-43.
Bisharat N, Elias, M, Raz R, Flatau E. Familial pattern of Infection with Hepatitis B Virus among immigrating Ethiopian Jews in Israel. European Journal of Epidemiology 1998; 14: 89-91.
Chakravarty R, Chowdhury A, Chaudhuri S, Santra A, Neogi M, Rajendran K, et al. Hepatitis B infection in Eastern Indian families: need for screening of adult siblings and mothers of adult cases. Public Health 2005; 119 (7): 647-54.
Labato C, Tavares-Neto J, Trepo C, Vitvitski L, Parvaz P, Zoulim F, et al. Intrafamilial prevalence of hepatitis B virus in western Brazilian Amazon region: epidemiologic and biomolcular study. Journal of Gastroentrology and Hepatoloy 2006; 21: 863-68.
Zervou EK, Gatselis NK, Xanthi E, Ziciadis K, Georgiadou SP, Dalekos GN. Intrafamilial spread of hepatitis B virus infection in Greece. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005; 17: 9: 911-15
Nokhodian Z, Kassaian N, Ataei B, Javadi AA, Shoaei P, Farajzadegan Z, et al. Hepatitis B Markers in Isfahan, Central Iran: A Population-Based Study, Hepatitis Monthly 2009; 9(1): 12-16.
Zali MR, Mohammad K, Noorbala AA, Noorimayer B, Shahraz S. Rate of hepatitis B sero-positivity following mass vaccination in the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 2005; 11: 62-67.
Chin-Lin Lin, Jia-Horng Koa, Bing-Fang Chen, Pie-Jer Chen, Ming –Yang Lai, Ding-Shinn Chen. Application Of Hepatitis B Virus Genotyping and Phylogentic Analysis in Intrafamilial Transmission Of Hepatitis B Virus, Clinical Infectious Diseases 2005; 41(1): 1576-81.
Alavian SM. Immunization: an important strategy to control hepatitis B, journal hepatitis monthly 2006; 6(1): 3-5.
Bernvil SS, Andrews V, Kuhns MC, McNamara AL. Hepatitis B core antigen antibody as an indicator of a low grade carrier state for hepatitis B virus in a Saudi Arabian blood donor population. Transfus Sci 1997; 18: 49–53.
Almeida Neto C, Strauss E, Sabino EC, Sucupir MC, Chamone AF. Significance of isolated hepatitis B core antibody in blood donors from Sa˜o Paulo. Rev. Inst. Med. trop 2001; 43 (4): 203-08.
Assem M. El-Sherif, Mohamed A. Abou-Shady, Mohsen A. El-Hiatmy, Ashraf M, Al-Bahrawy. Screening for hepatitis B virus infection in Egyptian blood donors negative for hepatitis B surface antigen, Hepatol Int 2007; 1: 469–70.
Sharifi-Mood B, Sanei-Moghaddam E, Ghasem-Zadeh I, khosravi s. Occult Hepatitis B virus Infection among HBc-Ab only Positive Individuals in the Southeast of Iran in high prevalence of HBV Infection Region, Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2009; 11: 90-92.
Arraes LC, Ximenes R, Andrieu JM, Lu W, Barreeto S, Pereira LM, et al. The biological meaning of HBc-Ab positive result in blood donors: relation to HBV-DNA and to other serological markers. Rev Inst Med Trop S Paulo 2003; 45: 137–49.
Behbahani A, Mafinejad A, Tabei SZ, Lankarani KB, Torab A, Moaddeb A. HBc-Ab & HBV-DNA detection in blood donors negative for hepatitis B virus surface antigen in reducing risk of transfusion associated HBV infection, Indian J Med Res 2006; 123(1): 37-42.
Erol s, Ozkurt Z, Ertek M, Tasyaran MA. Interfamilial transmission of hepatitis B virus in the eastern Anatolian region of Turkey. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003; 15(4): 345-9.
- چکیده مشاهده شده: 254 بار
- PDF (English) دانلود شده: 108 بار