The effects of cholesterol lowering drugs on vitamin D status in familial hypercholesterolemia patients
Archives of Medical Laboratory Sciences,
Vol. 3 No. 4 (2017),
26 September 2018
https://doi.org/10.22037/amls.v3i4.19099
Abstract
Background: Familial high blood cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) is a common disease that involves many complications for patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs (Gemfibrozil and Atorvastatin) on the level of serum Vitamin D.
Materials and methods: In this study, the 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were evaluated in 65 women between 30-55 years of age. After receiving drug information of patients, cholesterol-lowering medication; Gemfibrozil and Atorvastatin were prescribed by a specialist, then vitamin D and cholesterol levels were measured following 9 month treatment. Also 30 patients consumed vitamin D supplements plus medicine regularly.
Results: In the first stage, vitamin D levels in subjects are quite normal but their cholesterol levels were higher than normal. In the second stage, vitamin D levels were measured after 9 months use of Gemfibrozil and Atorvastatin. Accordingly, cholesterol levels decreased significantly due to the use of blood cholesterol-lowering drugs (p=0.021). Also, in this stage the level of vitamin D showed a severe and significant reduction (p=0.041). However, there were no significant reductions in vitamin D in 30 women who consumed vitamin D supplements plus medicine (p=0.073).
Conclusion: It seems that taking cholesterol-lowering medicines have reduced the amount of vitamin D. With long-term use of medications, bone diseases such as osteoporosis can be predicted in these individuals. Therefore, taking supplements and food rich in vitamin D during the use of these drugs is recommended.
- Hypercholesterolemia
- Vitamin D
- ELISA
How to Cite
References
Baila-Rueda L, Pérez-Ruiz MR, Jarauta E, Tejedor MT, Mateo-Gallego R, Lamiquiz-Moneo I, et al. Cosegregation of serum cholesterol with cholesterol intestinal absorption markers in families with primary hypercholesterolemia without mutations in LDLR, APOB, PCSK9 and APOE genes. Atherosclerosis. 2016;246:202-7.
Ponda MP, Dowd K, Finkielstein D, Holt PR, Breslow JL. The Short-Term Effects of Vitamin D Repletion on Cholesterol. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 2012;32(10):2510-5.
Kang JY, Kim MK, Jung S, Shin J, Choi BY. The cross-sectional relationships of dietary and serum vitamin D with cardiometabolic risk factors: Metabolic components, subclinical atherosclerosis, and arterial stiffness. Nutrition. 2016;32(10):1048-56. e1.
Patwardhan VG, Khadilkar AV, Chiplonkar SA, Mughal ZM, Khadilkar VV. Varying relationship between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase with sunlight exposure. Journal of clinical lipidology. 2015;9(5):652-7.
Carmeliet G, Dermauw V, Bouillon R. Vitamin D signaling in calcium and bone homeostasis: a delicate balance. Best Practice & Research, Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2015;29(4):621-31.
Wang J-H, Keisala T, Solakivi T, Minasyan A, Kalueff AV, Tuohimaa P. Serum cholesterol and expression of ApoAI, LXRβ and SREBP2 in vitamin D receptor knockout mice. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. 2009;113(3):222-6.
Zittermann A, Frisch S, Berthold HK, Götting C, Kuhn J, Kleesiek K, et al. Vitamin D supplementation enhances the beneficial effects of weight loss on cardiovascular disease risk markers. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2009;89(5):1321-7.
Reid IR. Effects of Calcium Supplementation on Circulating Lipids. Drugs & aging. 2004;21(1):7-17.
Vaskonen T, Mervaala E, Sumuvuori V, Seppänen-Laakso T, Karppanen H. Effects of calcium and plant sterols on serum lipids in obese Zucker rats on a low-fat diet. British Journal of Nutrition. 2002;87(3):239-45.
Christensen R, Lorenzen JK, Svith CR, Bartels E, Melanson E, Saris W, et al. Effect of calcium from dairy and dietary supplements on fecal fat excretion: a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obesity Reviews. 2009;10(4):475-86.
Al-Habsi AA, Massarsky A, Moon TW. Exposure to gemfibrozil and atorvastatin affects cholesterol metabolism and steroid production in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2016;199:87-96.
Shi MY, Xue FH, Teng SC, Jiang L, Zhu J, Yin F, et al. Effect of atorvastatin on serum levels of total cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation in Asia. Clinical therapeutics. 2015;37(8):1740-50.
Takayama T, Hiro T, Ueda Y, Honye J, Komatsu S, Yamaguchi O, et al. Plaque stabilization by intensive LDL-cholesterol lowering therapy with atorvastatin is delayed in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease-serial angioscopic and intravascular ultrasound analysis. Journal of cardiology. 2013;61(6):381-6.
Schaefer EJ, Lamon-Fava S, Cole T, Sprecher DL, Cilla DD, Balagtas CC, et al. The effects of regular and extended-release gemfibrozil on plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in hypercholesterolemic patients with decreased HDL cholesterol levels. Atherosclerosis. 1996;127(1):113-22.
Thongthai P, Chailurkit L-o, Chanprasertyothin S, Nimitphong H, Sritara P, Aekplakorn W, et al. Vitamin D binding protein gene polymorphism as a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency in Thais. Endocrine Practice. 2014;21(3):221-5.
Nissen J, Rasmussen LB, Ravn-Haren G, Andersen EW, Hansen B, Andersen R, et al. Common variants in CYP2R1 and GC genes predict vitamin D concentrations in healthy Danish children and adults. Plus one. 2014;9 (2): e89907.
Jorde R, Grimnes G. Vitamin D and metabolic health with special reference to the effect of vitamin D on serum lipids. Progress in lipid research. 2011;50(4):303-12.
Sentinelli F, Minicocci I, Montali A, Nanni L, Romeo S, Incani M, et al. Association of RXR-gamma gene variants with familial combined hyperlipidemia: genotype and haplotype analysis. Journal of lipids. 2013;2013.
Anderson JL, May HT, Horne BD, Bair TL, Hall NL, Carlquist JF, et al. Relation of vitamin D deficiency to cardiovascular risk factors, disease status, and incident events in a general health care population. The American journal of cardiology. 2010;106(7):963-8.
Islam MZ, Shamim AA, Ahmed A, Akhtaruzzaman M, Kärkkäinen M, Lamberg-Allardt C. Effect of vitamin D, calcium and multiple micronutrient supplementation on lipid profile in pre-menopausal Bangladeshi garment factory workers with hypovitaminosis D. Journal of health, population, and nutrition. 2014;32(4):687.
Maki KC, Rubin MR, Wong LG, McManus JF, Jensen CD, Lawless A. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25-hydroxyvitamin D, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and other cardiovascular disease risk markers in subjects with elevated waist circumference. International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2011;62(4):318-27.
Rejnmark L, Vestergaard P, Heickendorff L, Mosekilde L. Simvastatin does not affect vitamin d status, but low vitamin d levels are associated with dyslipidemia: results from a randomized, controlled trial. International journal of endocrinology. 2009;2010.
John WG, Noonan K, Mannan N, Boucher BJ. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with reductions in serum apolipoprotein AI, but not with fasting lipids in British Bangladeshis. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2005;82(3):517-22.
Gupta A, Sexton R, Rudney H. Effect of vitamin D3 derivatives on cholesterol synthesis and HMG-CoA reductase activity in cultured cells. Journal of lipid research. 1989;30(3):379-86.
- Abstract Viewed: 540 times
- PDF Downloaded: 260 times