The Frequency of Opium Addiction and Cofactors in Diabetic Patients Referred to Karaj Dr. Shariati Hospital in 1389-90
International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine,
Vol. 3 No. 3(Summer) (2013),
6 September 2013
,
Page 75-79
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijmtfm.v3i3(Summer).4330
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common and complicate endocrine disease in Iran. Also, opium addiction is one of the most prevalent social problems in Iran. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of opium addiction and diabetic vascular complications in diabetic patients.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in two years (1389- 90) in Karaj Dr. Shariati hospital. Sampling method was non-probability convenience sampling. Sample size was 384 patients. Data collection forms filled with patient’s files evidences. Statistical analysis of data was performed with SPSS.
Results: 384 diabetic patients with age ranging from 13 to 91 years old (mean age 59.1 years) were evaluated. 40 patients (10.4%) were opium addict and 75 patients (19.5%) were smoker. After elimination of smoking effect, frequency of retinopathy, neuropathy and diabetic foot ulcer were significantly more in opium addicts than other diabetic patients.
Conclusion: Opium abuse in diabetic patients can accelerates and progresses some of diabetic vascular complications.
- Diabetes
- Opium
- Vascular Complications
How to Cite
References
Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010;87(1):4-14.
Golzar A, Khademi H, Kamangar F. Diabetes Mellitus and its correlates in an Iranian adult population. PL0S One. 2011;6(10):26725
Faramarzi H, Bagheri P, Bahrampour A, Halimi L. The Comparison of prevalence of diabetes and hypertension between rural areas of fars and rural area of EMRO region.
Iranian J Endocrinol & Metabolism. 2011;56(2): 157 [in Persian].
Vaghari G, Sedaghat SM, Jushghani HR. Assessment of Diabetes mellitus type II and some related factors among adult people aged 25-65 years old in Golestan province, Iran. J Gorgan Bouyeh Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery. 2010;17(1):10 [in Persian]. Larijani B, Zahedi F. Epidemiology of diabetes in Iran. Iranian J Diabetes & Lipid. 2001;1(1):1-9 [in Persian].
Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL. Harrison’s principles of internal medicine. 18th ed. U.S.A. Mc Graw Hill. 2012;2980- 2988.
Esteghamati A, Khalizadeh O, Anvari M. The economic costs of diabetes: A population-based study in Tehran, Iran. Diabetologia. 2009;52(8):1520-1527.
Delo A. Opium abuse prevalence in Iran. UNODC.2012 Available from: http://C60 Karaj.blogfa.com/post-1045.aspx Accessed 2012 Dec 9 [in Persian].
Fraser TR. The relative value of opium, Morphine and Codeine in diabetes mellitus. Br Med J. 1889;1(1464):118-9.
Shiri R, Hassani KF, Ansari M. Association between opium abuse & comorbidity in diabetic men. Am J Addict. 2006;15(6):468-72.
Dehghani K, Zare A, Dehghani H. Drug abuse prevalence and risk factors in students of shaheed Sadougi university of medical sciences, Yazd. J Shaeed Sadoughi university of Medical Sciences Yazd. 2010;73:164 [in Persian].
Asgary S, Sarrafzadegan N, Naderi GA, Rozbehani R. Effect of opium addiction on new and traditional cardiovascular risk factors: do duration of addiction and route of administration matter? 3 Nov. 2008.
Sadeghian S, Boroumand MA, Sotoudeh-Anvari M. Effect of opium on glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in rats with streptozocin-induced diabetes. Endokrynol Pol. 2009:60(4):258-62.
Karam GA, Reisi M, Kaseb AA. Effects of opium addiction on some serum factors in addicts with noninsulin- dependent diabetes mellitus. Addict Biol- 2004;9(1):53- 8.
Azod L, Rashidi M, Afkhami- Ardekani M. Effect of opium addiction on diabetes. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2008;34(4):383- 8.
Sadeghian S, Graili P, Salarifar M, et al. Opium consumption in men & diabetes mellitus in women are the most important risk factors of premature coronary artery disece in Iran. Int J cardiol. 2010;141(1):116- 8.
Shirani S, shakiba M, soleymanzadeh M, Esfandbod M. Can opium abuse be a risk factor for carotid stenosis in patients who are candidates for coronary artery bypass grafting? Cardiol J. 2010;17(3):254-8.
Masoumi M, Shahesmaeili A, Mirzazadeh A, et al. Opium addiction & severity of coronary artery diseane; a case – control study. J Res Med Sci. 2010;15(1):27- 32.
Hosseini SK, Masoudkaloir F, Vasheghani F. Opium consumption & coronary atherosclerosis in diabetic patients: a propensity score – Matched study. Planta Med. 2011;77(17):1870-5.
Lamei D. prevalence of addicts in Iran. Ravanyare Garb Preventive Institue. 1387 Available: www. Ravanyar. Blogfa. Com/ post/ 134
Khademi H, Malekzadeh R, Pourshams A. Opium use and mortality in Golestan cohort study: prospective cohort study of 50,000 adults in Iran. BMJ. 2012;344:2502.
Masoumi MR, Karimzadeh MA. The relationship of opium addiction with coronary artery diseane. Int J prev Med. 2010;1:182-6.
- Abstract Viewed: 489 times
- PDF Downloaded: 504 times