Exploring The Safety and Phytochemical Composition of Nanoherbal Formulations from Phyllanthus Emblica L. Fruit Toxicity and Phytochemical Evaluation of P. emblica Nanoherbs
International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine,
Vol. 16 (2026),
1 Dey 2026
,
Page 1-13
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijmtfm.v16.50297
Abstract
Background: Phyllanthus emblica L. exhibits notable antioxidant and therapeutic activities attributed to phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This study aimed to identify the phytochemical constituents of P. emblica fruit nanoherbs and evaluate their acute oral toxicity.
Methods: Both in silico and in vivo approaches were employed. Toxicity tests were conducted using a fixed-dose method, followed by clinical, macroscopic, and histopathological assessments of the liver and kidneys in Wistar rats.
Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids/triterpenoids, and glycosides. In silico predictions using SwissADME, Pro-Tox II, and pkCSM showed LD₅₀ values ranging from 159 to 2500 mg/kg. Quercetin and kojic acid were classified as moderately toxic (class 3), while nicotinamide was categorized as practically non-toxic (class 5) with a potential hepatotoxic risk. In vivo studies demonstrated no significant changes in body weight, organ weight, or mortality up to 5000 mg/kg, and histopathological examinations confirmed preserved hepatic and renal structures, with only mild alterations at the highest dose.
Conclusion: Overall, nanoherbs derived from P. emblica fruit were found to be safe in acute and subchronic exposure, supporting their potential application in pharmaceutical development.
- Phyllanthus emblica L
- Phytochemical Screening
- In Silico
- Acute Toxicity
- Subchronic Toxicity
How to Cite
References
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