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International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine

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  3. Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023): International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine
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Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023)

January 2023

An Autopsy Case of Drowning Under the Influence of Etizolam: A Case Report

  • Sella Takei
  • Hiroshi Kinoshita
  • Mostofa Jamal
  • Tadayoshi Yamashita
  • Etsuko Tanaka
  • Sachiko Kawahara
  • Hiroko Abe
  • Shoji Kimura

International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023), 25 January 2023 , Page 40000
https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v13i1.40000 Published: 01/25/2023

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Abstract

A fatal case of drowning under the influence of etizolam is presented. Quantitative toxicological analysis revealed etizolam concentrations of 0.50 µg/mL and 0.068 µg/mL in femoral venous blood and urine, respectively. According to the autopsy findings, the results of toxicological examinations, and the investigation by the authorities, it is concluded that the cause of death is drowning under the influence of etizolam.

Keywords:
  • Etizolam
  • Poisoning
  • Drowning
  • Forensic toxicology
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How to Cite

Takei, S., Kinoshita, H., Jamal, M., Yamashita, T., Tanaka, E., Kawahara, S., … Kimura, S. (2023). An Autopsy Case of Drowning Under the Influence of Etizolam: A Case Report. International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, 13(1), 40000. https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v13i1.40000
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References

Baselt RC. Disposition of toxic drugs and chemicals in man. Seal Beach: Biomedical Publications; 2008. [Link]

Ahlm K, Saveman BI, Björnstig U. Drowning deaths in Sweden with emphasis on the presence of alcohol and drugs - a retrospective study, 1992-2009. BMC Public Health. 2013; 13:216. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-13-216] [PMID] [PMCID]

Kinoshita H, Tanaka N, Takakura A, Kumihashi M, Jamal M, Ito A, et al. Flunitrazepam in stomach contents may be a good indicator of its massive ingestion. Romanian Journal of Legal Medicine. 2017; 25(2):193-5. [DOI:10.4323/rjlm.2017.193]

Schulz M, Schmoldt A, Andresen-Streichert H, Iwersen-Bergmann S. Revisited: Therapeutic and toxic blood concentrations of more than 1100 drugs and other xenobiotics. Critical Care. 2020; 24(1):195. [DOI:10.1186/s13054-020-02915-5] [PMID] [PMCID]

Fracasso C, Confalonieri S, Garattini S, Caccia S. Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of etizolam in healthy subjects. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1991; 40:181-5. [DOI:10.1007/BF00280074] [PMID]

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Copyright  The Author(s); This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-By-NC), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

       

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