ISSN: 2251-8762
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020)
Exploring the Therapeutic Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Sleep Quality Among Patients Under Methadone Maintenance Treatment
International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine,
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020),
21 June 2020
,
Page 29088
https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v10i2.29088
Abstract
Background: Patients under Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) are susceptible to several problems, including sleep disturbances and risk of relapse. The present study aimed to assess the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on sleep quality of addicts under MMT.
Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 27 male patients who underwent maintenance methadone therapy in MMT clinics of Mashhad City, Iran. They were divided into the experimental and sham groups. The experimental group received seven 20-min sessions of tDCS every other day. In the sham group, the electrical current was delivered for a few seconds, but the electrodes were remained to the end of the session. Sleep quality was measured at baseline, during, and after the intervention by Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics, such as t test, Chi-square, Mann Whitney, and Fischer exact test in SPSS v. 25.
Results: The difference between the two groups after tDCS in sleep duration was significant (P=0.04). In the experimental group, the total score of sleep had a reducing trend (P<0.000), while in the sham group, the overall score in 3 phases of evaluation had no significant change (P=0.19). However, the rate of inappropriate sleep quality was not significant between the two groups after the intervention (P=0.12).
Conclusion: This trial demonstrated the positive effect of tDCS on sleep quality in patients under MMT programs. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
- Transcranial direct current stimulation
- Methadone
- Sleep quality
How to Cite
References
Malekinejad M, Vazirian M. Transition to injection amongst opioid users in Iran: Implications for harm reduction. Int J Drug Policy. 2012; 23(4):333-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2011.09.001] [PMID]
Khazaee-Pool M, Moeeni M, Ponnet K, Fallahi A, Jahangiri L5, Pashaei T. Perceived barriers to methadone maintenance treatment among Iranian opioid users. Int J Equity Health. 2018; 17(1):75. [DOI:10.1186/s12939-018-0787-z] [PMID] [PMCID]
Amin-Esmaeili M, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Sharifi V, Hajebi A, Radgoodarzi R, Mojtabai R, et al. Epidemiology of illicit drug use disorders in Iran: Prevalence, correlates, comorbidity and service utilization results from the Iranian Mental Health Survey. Addiction. 2016; 111(10):1836-47. [DOI:10.1111/add.13453] [PMID]
Dolan KA, Shearera J, MacDonald M, Matticka RP, Hallc W, Wodak AD. A randomised controlled trial of methadone maintenance treatment versus wait list control in an Australian prison system. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2003; 72(1):59-65. [DOI:10.1016/S0376-8716(03)00187-X]
Li DJ, Chung KS, Wu HC, Hsu CY, Yen CF. Predictors of sleep disturbance in heroin users receiving methadone maintenance thera-py: A naturalistic study in Taiwan. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018; 14:2853-9. [DOI:10.2147/NDT.S177370] [PMID] [PMCID]
Kim J, Park EC, Yoo KB, Park S. The association between short or long sleep times and Quality of Life (QOL): Results of the korea national health and nutrition exami-nation survey (KNHANES IV-V). J Clin Sleep Med. 2015; 11(6):625-34. [DOI:10.5664/jcsm.4772] [PMID] [PMCID]
Hasler BP, Smith LJ, Cousins JC, Bootzin RR. Circadian rhythms, sleep, and substance abuse. Sleep Med Rev. 2012; 16(1):67-81. [DOI:10.1016/j.smrv.2011.03.004] [PMID] [PMCID]
Bueno-Lopez A, Eggert T, Dorn H, Danker-Hopfe H. Slow oscillatory transcranial direct current stimulation (so-tDCS) during slow wave sleep has no effects on de-clarative memory in healthy young subjects. Brain Stimul. 2019; 12(4):948-58. [DOI:10.1016/j.brs.2019.02.012] [PMID]
Ladenbauer J, Külzow N, Passmann S, Antonenko D, Grittner U, Tamm S, et al. Brain stimulation during an afternoon nap boosts slow oscillatory activity and memory consolidation in older adults. Neuroimage. 2016; 142:311-23. [DOI:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.06.057] [PMID]
Paßmann S, Külzow N, Ladenbauer J, Antonenko D, Grittner U, Tamm S, et al. Boosting slow oscillatory activity using tdcs during early nocturnal slow wave sleep does not improve memory consolidation in healthy older adults. Brain Stimul. 2016; 9(5):730-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.brs.2016.04.016] [PMID]
Reato D, Gasca F, Datta A, Bikson M, Marshall L, Parra LC. Transcranial electrical stimulation accelerates human sleep homeostasis. PLoS Comput Biol. 2013; 9(2):e1002898. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002898] [PMID] [PMCID]
Giordano J, Bikson M, Kappenman ES, Clark VP, Coslett HB, Hamblin MR, et al. Mechanisms and effects of transcranial direct current stimulation. Dose Response. 2017; 15(1):1559325816685467. [DOI:10.1177/1559325816685467] [PMID] [PMCID]
Krone L, Frase L, Piosczyk H, Selhausen P, Zittel S, Jahn F, et al. Top-down control of arousal and sleep: Fundamentals and clinical implications. Sleep Med Rev. 2017; 31:17-24. [DOI:10.1016/j.smrv.2015.12.005] [PMID]
Sheng J, Xie C, Fan DQ, Lei X, Yu J. High definition-transcranial direct current stimulation changes older adults’ subjective sleep and corresponding resting-state func-tional connectivity. Int J Psychophysiol. 2018; 129:1-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.05.002] [PMID]
Schlaug G, Renga V, Nair D. Transcranial direct current stimulation in stroke recovery. Arch Neurol. 2008; 65(12):1571-6. [DOI:10.1001/archneur.65.12.1571] [PMID] [PMCID]
Annarumma L, D’Atri A, Alfonsi V, De Gennaro L. The efficacy of transcranial current stimulation techniques to modulate resting-state EEG, to affect vigilance and to promote sleepiness. Brain sciences. 2018; 8(7):E137. [DOI:10.3390/brainsci8070137] [PMID] [PMCID]
Roizenblatt S, Fregni F, Gimenez R, Wetzel T, Rigonatti SP, Tufik S, et al. Site-specific effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on sleep and pain in fibromyalgia: A randomized, sham-controlled study. Pain Pract. 2007; 7(4):297-306. [DOI:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2007.00152.x] [PMID]
Dondé C, Neufeld NH, Geoffroy PA. The impact of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on bipolar depression, mania, and euthymia: A systematic review of preliminary data. Psychiatr Q. 2018; 89(4):855-67. [DOI:10.1007/s11126-018-9584-5] [PMID]
Hadoush H, Al-Sharman A, Khalil H, Banihani SA, Al-Jarrah M. Sleep quality, depression, and quality of life after bilateral anodal transcranial direct current stimula-tion in patients with parkinson’s disease. Med Sci Monit Basic Res. 2018; 24:198-205. [DOI:10.12659/MSMBR.911411] [PMID] [PMCID]
Marshall L, Kirov R, Brade J, Mölle M, Born J. Transcranial electrical currents to probe EEG brain rhythms and memory consolidation during sleep in humans. PLoS One. 2011; 6(2):e16905. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0016905] [PMID] [PMCID]
Brunoni AR, Nitsche MA, Bolognini N, Bikson M, Wagner T, Merabet L, et al. Clinical research with transcranial direct current stim-ulation (tDCS): Challenges and future directions. Brain Stimul. 2012; 5(3):175-95. [DOI:10.1016/j.brs.2011.03.002] [PMID] [PMCID]
Fertonani A, Ferrari C, Miniussi C. What do you feel if I apply transcranial electric stimulation? Safety, sensations and secondary induced effects. Clin Neurophysiol. 2015; 126(11):2181-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2015.03.015] [PMID]
Poreisz C, Boros K, Antal A, Paulus W. Safety aspects of transcranial direct current stimulation concerning healthy subjects and patients. Brain Res Bull. 2007; 72(4-6):208-14. [DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.01.004] [PMID]
Frase L, Piosczyk H, Zittel S, Jahn F, Selhausen P, Krone L, et al., Modulation of total sleep time by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Neuropsychophar-macology. 2016; 41(10):2577. [DOI:10.1038/npp.2016.65] [PMID] [PMCID]
Lefaucheur JP, Antal A, Ayache SS, Benninger DH, Brunelin J, Cogiamanian F, et al. Evidence-based guidelines on the therapeutic use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Clin Neurophysiol. 2017; 128(1):56-92. [DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2016.10.087] [PMID]
Buysse, D.J., et al., The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989; 28(2):193-213. [DOI:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4]
Stein MD, Herman DS, Bishop S, Lassor JA, Weinstock M, Anthony J, et al. Sleep disturbances among methadone maintained patients. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2004; 26(3):175-80. [DOI:10.1016/S0740-5472(03)00191-0]
Dimsdale JE, Norman D, DeJardin D, Wallace MS. The effect of opioids on sleep architecture. J Clin Sleep Med. 2007; 3(1):33-6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17557450
Murphy M, Riedner BA, Huber R, Massimini M, Ferrarelli F, Tononi G. Source modeling sleep slow waves. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2009; 106(5):1608-13. [DOI:10.1073/pnas.0807933106] [PMID] [PMCID]
Murphy M, Huber R, Esser S, Riedner BA, Massimini M, Ferrarelli F, et al. The cortical topography of local sleep. Curr Top Med Chem. 2011; 11(19):2438-46. [DOI:10.2174/156802611797470303] [PMID] [PMCID]
Minichino A, Bersani FS, Spagnoli F, Corrado A, De Michele F, Calò WK, et al. Prefronto-cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation improves sleep quality in eu-thymic bipolar patients: A brief report. Behav Neurol. 2014; 2014:876521. [DOI:10.1155/2014/876521] [PMID] [PMCID]
Minichino A, Bersani FS, Bernabei L, Spagnoli F, Vergnani L, Corrado A, et al. Prefronto-cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation improves visuospatial memory, executive functions, and neurological soft signs in patients with euthymic bipolar disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015; 11:2265-70. [DOI:10.2147/NDT.S79108] [PMID] [PMCID]
Benson BE, Willis MW, Ketter TA, Speer A, Kimbrell TA, George MS, et al. Interregional cerebral metabolic associativity during a continuous performance task (Part II) : Differential alterations in bipolar and unipolar disorders. Psychiatry Res. 2008; 164(1):30-47. [DOI:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2007.12.016] [PMID]
Kim YJ, Ku J, Kim HJ, Im DJ, Lee HS, Han KA, et al. Randomized, sham controlled trial of transcranial direct current stimulation for painful diabetic polyneuropathy. Ann Rehabil Med. 2013; 37(6):766-76. [DOI:10.5535/arm.2013.37.6.766]
Geoffroy PA, Scott J, Boudebesse C, Lajnef M, Henry C, Leboyer M, et al. Sleep in patients with remitted bipolar disorders: A meta-analysis of actigraphy studies. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2015; 131(2):89-99. [DOI:10.1111/acps.12367] [PMID]
Kennedy SH, Javanmard M, Vaccarino FJ. A review of functional neuroimaging in mood disorders: Positron emission tomography and depression. Can J Psychiatry. 1997; 42(5):467-75. [DOI:10.1177/070674379704200502] [PMID]
Praharaj SK, Ram D, Arora M. Efficacy of high frequency (rapid) suprathreshold repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of right prefrontal cortex in bipolar ma-nia: A randomized sham controlled study. J Affect Disord. 2009; 117(3):146-50. [DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2008.12.020] [PMID]
Samalin L, Boyer L, Murru A, Pacchiarotti I, Reinares M, Bonnin CM, et al. Residual depressive symptoms, sleep disturbance and perceived cognitive impairment as determinants of functioning in patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2017; 210:280-6. [DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2016.12.054] [PMID]
- Abstract Viewed: 84 times
- PDF Downloaded: 75 times