Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity symptoms in early-treated phenylketonuria patients
Iranian Journal of Child Neurology,
Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020),
1 January 2020
,
Page 93-103
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijcn.v14i1.18021
Abstract
Objectives
To assess the presence of symptoms consistent with Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADHD) in all patients with early-treated phenylketonuria (PKU) in the State ofSanta Catarina in southernBrazil.
Materials & Methods
All of the patients diagnosed with PKU by newborn-screening tests, with ages varying from 6 to 18 years and who started treatment before 60 days of life and presented phenylalanine levels consistently below 6 mg/dL throughout treatment, were included. The subjects were invited to complete a questionnaire that collected sociodemographic, gestational and clinical data. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the revision of the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Questionnaire.
Results:
A total of 34 patients were evaluated, who were 53% male and 94% white and had an average age of 12 years, and 15% were born premature. According to the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Questionnaire, 13 patients (38%) met the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, with 2 patients having the inattentive type, 6 patients having the hyperactive or impulsive type and 1 patient having the oppositional defiant disorder type.
Conclusion:
Although the patients with PKU were regularly treated from birth, there was a high prevalence of symptoms consistent with ADHD. A pathophysiological interface that involves the dopamine metabolic pathway may exist between the two conditions.
- phenylketonuria
- phenylalanine
- attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity
How to Cite
References
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