Advances in Nursing & Midwifery

Abstract Introduction: Nurses constitute the largest part of human resources in the health system and play critical roles in taking care of and improving patients' health. This study aimed to examine the effect of training emotion regulation techniques on resilience and psychological well-being among nurses. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study that was followed by a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included nurses in Zahedan. Forty nurses were selected using the convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to the two groups. During the training sessions, the subjects were reduced to 19 ones, and the pretest was conducted on both groups. Then eight 90-minute sessions of training emotion regulation techniques were carried out on the experimental group for two months. The posttest was conducted, one-month after the training. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Reef Psychological Well-Being Inventory were used to collect the data. The data analyses were carried out using the Analysis of Covariance. Results: The results indicated that training emotion regulation techniques were effective in increasing resilience and psychological well-being. Moreover, the results showed that .40 of the variances in resilience (P . 0.001) and .20 of the variances in psychological well-being (P . 0.001) were determined in the posttest via the independent variable. Conclusions: Therefore, holding intervention programs based on the emotion regulation techniques are recommended to improve resilience and psychological well-being among nurses.

Abstract Introduction: Cerebrovascular angiography is a method of diagnosing cerebrovascular disorders. Invasive procedures induce anxiety in patients. Poor management of anxiety may be life-threatening for patients. It is the duty of nurses to reduce anxiety. Given the prevalence of anxiety in patients awaiting cerebrovascular angiography and its detrimental complications and also the critical role of nurses in the psychosomatic support of patients and their struggle to reduce anxiety, the use of different methods of patient education such as familiarizing them with diagnostic and therapeutic processes is of utmost significance. This study investigated the effect of orientation tour on anxiety in candidates of cerebrovascular angiography. Methods: In this experimental study, 114 patients awaiting cerebrovascular angiography presenting to Imam Hussein Hospital and Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital in Tehran, capital of Iran, were selected with a convenient sampling method and assigned randomly to either case or control groups. The control group just received routine education in the ward. In contrast, the case group received routine education in the ward and instructions on performing angiography and its pre-, peri-, and post-operative care. Demographics questionnaire and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to collect data. Patients' anxiety was measured twice with this instrument at hospitalization and after the intervention. The gleaned data were analyzed with SPSS21 using independent t-test, Chi-square test, and ANOVA. Results: Distribution of age was the same in both groups (P < 0.11). Independent t-test showed a significant difference in the mean score of anxiety before intervention in the control group (9.2) and case group (7.2) (P = 0.02). This test also indicated a significant difference in the mean score of patients' anxiety after intervention in both the control group (9.7) and case group (6.7) (P = 0.001). However, using data collected before the orientation tour as the covariate, repeated measures ANOVA showed a significantly more significant reduction of anxiety in the case group. Conclusions: According to our findings, participation in the angiography room orientation tour leads to reduced anxiety in patients awaiting cerebrovascular angiography. The use of this method is advisable for patients before diagnostic and therapeutic processes.

Abstract Introduction: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is related to the mesial temporal lobe structures such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and Parahippocampal gyrus. In patients with TLE, the amygdala complex is a component of the temporal lobe that is damaged. Previous studies on emotional processing have proven deficits due to amygdala damage in these patients. The present study compares the facial emotion recognition in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and healthy controls. It was hypothesized that the TLE group have more dysfunctions than non- people with epilepsy. Methods: In this comparative study, 120 subjects, including 60 patients with a definite diagnosis of the temporal lobe and 60 non-epileptic individuals, were recruited using purposive sampling. The patient group was chosen from the Chamran hospital and Iranian Epilepsy Association, Tehran, Iran. The research data were collected by the Ekman computer test of facial emotion recognition. This test uses 36 images to measure the six basic emotions (i.e., happiness, disgust, anger, fear, sadness, and surprise); these images were adapted from the Ekman and Friesen series of images. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance by SPSS Statistics 19-IBM in two levels of response accuracy and reaction time in TLE patients and healthy individuals. Results: Data analysis showed a significant difference in the response accuracy of facial expressions of happiness, disgust, anger, fear, sadness, and surprise in patients with TLE (P < 0.01). Furthermore, recognizing emotions of fear, disgust, and anger in patients with TLE was more inadequate. When it came to the reaction time of emotion recognition, the TLE patients showed a higher functional impairment than the healthy group (P < 0.01). The reactions to fear and disgust were notably slower than other emotions. Conclusions: The results showed more inaccurate facial emotion recognition of fear, disgust, and anger inferred from facial expressions. Moreover, the reaction time response of facial emotion recognition for all six emotions was slower, compared to non-epileptics. Assessing the emotional recognition dysfunction through this measurement can facilitate recognizing the emotional deficiency regarding social communication in TLE patients. Psychological dysfunction can be a predictor of not a good response to the treatment, more frequency of seizures, and worse quality of life in these patients.

Abstract Introduction: Adherence to self-care behaviors and determining its related factors in patients with chronic illnesses are mandatory. The objective of the present study was two-fold: first, to examine the self-care behaviors adherence among heart failure patients and second, to determine its predictors in a comprehensive study of various factors in patients with heart failure. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 239 patients with heart failure referred to Dr.Heshmat hospital as the only heart center in Guilan province (Northern Iran). The consecutive sampling method was used. Data were collected by Self-Care Heart Failure Index, Cardiac Depression Scale, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Charlson Comorbidity Index and were analyzed by descriptive statistics and analytical statistics in SPSS. Results: Results showed educational level, history of receiving information, and cognitive function as predictors of self-care maintenance. Also, monthly income, history of receiving information, and ventricular dysfunction were predictors of self-care management. Monthly income, admission status, number of hospitalizations, history of receiving information, and cognitive function are mentioned as predictors of self-confidence. Predictors of total self-care were monthly income, history of receiving information, and cognitive function. (P . 0.05). Conclusions: Promoting self-care behaviors could prevent the adverse effects of diseases such as readmission, prolonged hospitalization, and bed occupancy ratio. The majority of the participants had non-adherent self-care, and, according to the results, it is recommended that assessing predictors in these patients and planning. Also, it is suggested that more observational, qualitative, and mixed-method studies be done in the future.

Abstract Introduction: Gestational diabetes (GA) is a common complication associated with perceived stress and self- efficacy effectiveness on the commitment to self-care behaviors. Therefore, this study aimed to predict the self- efficacy of women with gestational diabetes based on coping styles with stress. Methods: This study is a predictor correlation study that is done over 400 women with gestational diabetes attending to the clinic of hospitals related to Mashhad University of medical sciences and health centers in the city of Mashhad, Iran, in 2015. Data were collected by individual questionnaire, diabetic self- efficacy and coping styles questionnaire of Folkman and Lazarus. Descriptive Statistics performed data analysis, Spearman correlation coefficients test, Liner regressions model, and Multiple regression. A statistical significance was deemed present when the P-value was less than 0.05. Results: The results of Spearman correlation coefficients test showed a significant direct correlation between problem-based coping style and self-efficacy, (P < 0.0001 and r = 0.29); but, there was no significant linear relationship with emotive-based coping style (P = 0.105 and r = 0.08), and according to Liner regressions model, just the problem-based coping style is considered as a predictor variable of self-efficacy (P < 0.0001, β = 2.451, and F = 39.284). Conclusions: According to these findings, midwives can improve self-efficacy among women with gestational diabetes by encouraging them to apply problem-based coping styles with stress.

Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women with significant undesirable complications. Due to its life-threatening nature, the diagnosis of this disease increases spiritual needs and the need for palliative care. Palliative care has emerged as care that addresses explicitly gaps inherent in disease-centered approaches to enhance care quality in serious illness, both for patients and families and health care systems. Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was conducted on 200 women with breast cancer selected by convenience sampling from those visiting chosen hospitals of Tehran in 2018. Data were collected using a demographic-histopathologic form and Paloutzian-Ellison’s Spiritual Well-Being Scale, which was filled out in palliative care (n = 100) and routine care (n = 100) groups four weeks after the completion of therapy through interviews. The data obtained were analyzed in SPSS-21 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Compared to those receiving routine care, the women with breast cancer who were receiving palliative care had higher scores in religious well-being (P < 0.509) and total spiritual well-being (P < 0.167), although not in a statistically significant way. Meanwhile, the palliative care group obtained significantly higher scores in existential well-being compared to the routine care group (P < 0.007). Conclusions: Developing programs to improve spiritual well-being in patients with breast cancer by incorporating palliative care into medical interventions can be beneficial.

Abstract Introduction: Legal abortion is performed to prevent maternal and fetal disorders. Midwives' awareness and attitude toward abortion laws have undeniable effects on the decisions made by women with high-risk pregnancies. By recent study, The present study evaluated the awareness and attitudes of midwives working in private offices in Tehran Province, Iran, toward abortion laws and related factors. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was done in 2016. A total of 236 midwives were selected from Tehran Province took simple random sampling. The data were collected took using a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire by items related to demographic characteristics, awareness, and attitude. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive tests (mean, standard deviation, confidence interval, frequency, and relative frequency) and linear regression analysis. Results: The midwives' mean scores of awareness and attitude were 57.7 ± 7.44 (95% CI: 56.61-58.54) and 99.08 ± 10.09 (95% CI: 97.83-100.38), respectively. Midwives' age (B = 0.21), work shifts in the midwifery office (B = 1.29), being a member of the Midwifery Learner Society (B = 3.05), and cooperating with local legal medicine centers (B = 3.63) were found to be the predictors of awareness scores. Gain experience in the midwifery office was the only predictor of midwives' attitude, i.e., every one-year increase in work experience decreased the scores of attitude by 1.61 points. Conclusions: The participating midwives had a moderate level of awareness, which was affected by different variables. Cooperating with local legal medicine centers had the most significant effect on improving midwives' awareness. Moreover, the midwives had low scores of attitude, and a few variables predicted their attitude.