Injury Patterns of Drivers and Other Vehicle Occupants in the Banja Luka Region (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine,
Vol. 5 No. 3(Summer) (2015),
12 September 2015
,
Page 136-143
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijmtfm.v5i3(Summer).7496
Abstract
Background: Traffic traumatism in Bosnia and Herzegovina has not been given adequate attention and there is a lack of serious research on this problem. Motor vehicle occupants represent a significant number of fatalities on local roads. The aim of this study was to identify particular risk groups of traffic participants and determine the differences in injuring due to the position of the vehicle.
Methods: Study included 400 injured and fatally injured occupants among 2009-2013 in Banja Luka. We analyzed of demographic and injury characteristics, cause of death and alcohol intoxication of drivers. Data are presented numerically and in percentages, statistically analyzed.
Results: Men account for nearly 3/4 of the total number of deaths and over 95% of dead drivers. Nearly two-thirds of victims were aged 15-44 years, and one third of injured were in the third decade of life. Drivers more often had AIS3+ injuries of head, chest, abdomen and AIS2+ injuries of thoracic spine and lower extremities. More often drivers and front passengers had AIS3+ chest injuries, while the back seat occupants had AIS3+ head injuries. There was a positive correlation between age and frequency of AIS3+ chest injuries and AIS2+ spinal injuries. The most common cause of death were head (41%) and chest injuries (33.3%). Nearly 3/4 of injured persons were died at the scene of accident or during transport to the nearest health care facility. Nearly 60% of killed drivers had legally prohibited BAC (> 0.3 g/kg).
Conclusion: Men in motor vehicles more often die in traffic accidents, and a particularly vulnerable category is young male drivers. Seat belts using on domestic routes is dissatisfactory and additional efforts are required.
- Road traffic traumatism
- Drivers
- Motor vehicle occupants
- Seat belt use
How to Cite
References
World Health Organization, Global status report on road safety 2013: supporting a decade of action, WHO publications, Available at: http://www.who.int/violence_ injury_prevention/road_safety_ status/2013/report/
HazenA, Ehiri JE, Road Traffic Injuries: Hidden Epidemic in Less Developed Countries, J Natl Med Assoc. 2006;98(1):73-82.
Nantulya VM, Reich MR, The neglected epidemic: road traffic injuries in developing countries. BMJ. 2002;324:1139–41.
Statistical yearbook of Republic of Srpska. 2013;317-8.
Statistical yearbook of Federation of Bosnia and Hercegovina, 2013;288-289.
Gennarelli TA, Wodzin E. The Abbreviated Injury Scale 2005, Association for the Advncement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Barrington, IL. 2005.
Barrimah I, Midhet F, Sharaf F. Epidemiology of road traffic injuries in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia: Consistency of police and health data, Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2012;6:1.
Bahadorimonfared A, Soori H, Mehrabi Y, et al. Trends of fatal road traffic injuries in Iran (2004-2011), Plos ONE. 2013;8(5):e65198.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065198.
Goniewicz M, Nogalski A, Khayesi M. Patern of road traffic injuries in Lublin county Poland, Cent Eur J Public Health. 2012;20(2):116-20.
Spoerri A, Egger M, von Elm E. Mortality from road traffic accidents in Switzerland: longitudinal and spatial analyses, Accid Anal Prev. 2011;43:40-8.
OECD (2012), “Mortality from transport accidents”, in Health at a Glance:Europe 2012, OECD Publishing. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264183896-9-en
Rhodes N, Pivik K. Age and gender differences in risky driving: The roles of positive affect and risk perception, Accid Anal Prev. 2011;43(3):923-931.
Wickens CM, Mann RE, Stoduto G. Does gender moderate the relationship between driver aggression and it`s risk factors, Accid Anal Prev. 2012;45:10-18.
Constantinou E, Panayiotou G, Konstantinou N. Risky and aggressive driving in young adults: Personality matters, Accid Anal Prev. 2011;43(4):1323-42.
Weis HB, Kaplan S, Prato CG. Analysis of factors associated with injury severity in crashes involving young New Zealand drivers, Accid Anal Prev. 2014;65:142-155.
Saidi H, Mutiso BK, Ogengo J. Mortality after road traffic crashes in a system with limited trauma data capability, J Trauma Manag Outcomes. 2014;8:4.
Hanna R, Hershmann L. Evaluation of thoracic injuries among older motor vehicle occupants, Washington DC, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2009;16-30.
Kahane CJ. Injury vulnerability and effectivness of occupant protection technologies for older occupants and women, (Report No. DOT HS 811 766) Washington DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 2013.
Stitzel JD, Kilgo PD, Weaver AA. Age thresholds for increased mortality of predominant crash induced thoracic injuries, Ann Adv Automot Med. 2012;54:41-50.
Rao RD, Berry CA, Yoganandan N. Occupant and crash characteristics in thoracic and lumbar spine injuries resulting from motor vehicle collisions, Spine J, Article in press, 2014;doi: 0.1016/j.spinee.2014.01.038.
Hisham HH, Sarani R, Rahim SS. Patterns of injury severity to different types of road users in road crashes, 3th International Conference on Road Safety and Simulation, Indianopolis, USA, 2011.
Majdan, M. Mauritz W, Wilbacher I. Traumatic brain injury caused by traffic accidents in five European countries: outcome and public health consequences, Eur J Public Health. 2012;1-6.
Abbas AK, Hefny AF, Abu-Zidan FM, Seatbelts and road traffic collision injuries, World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 2011;6:18.
Brown J, Bilston LE. The scope and nature of injuries to rear seat passengers in NSW using linked hospital admission and police data, Traffic Inj Prev. 2014;15(5):462-9.
Frampton R, Lenard J. An In-depth Study of abdominal injuries sustained by car occupants in frontal crashes, 56th AAAM Annual Conference Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine. 2012.
Intas G, Stergiannis P, Seat Belt Syndrome; A Global issue, Health Science Journal. 2010;4;4:212-8.
Lamielle S, Cuny S, Foret-Bruno JY. Abdominal injury patterns in real frontal crashes: Influence of crash conditions, occupant seat and restraint systems, 50th Annual Proceedings Association for The Advancement of Automotive Medicine. 2006.
Vecino-Ortiz AI, Bishai D, Chandran A, et al. Seatbelt wearing rates in middle income countries: A cross-country analysis, Accid Anal Prev.2014;71:115-9.
Coats TJ, Davies G. Prehospital care for road traffic casualties, BMJ. 2002;324:1135-8.
Naghavi M, Jafari N, Alaeddini F, et al. Injury Epidemiology caused by external cause of injury in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran: Ministry of Health and Medical Education. 2005.
Buylaert W. Reducing the severity of road injuries through post impact care, European Transport Safety Council, Brusseles. 1999.
Bigdeli M, Zavareh DK, Mohammadi R. Prehospital care time intervals among victims of road traffic injuries in Iran. A cross-sectional study, BMC Public Health. 2010;10:406.
- Abstract Viewed: 567 times
- PDF Downloaded: 363 times