Upfront Androgen Receptor-Axis-Targeted Therapies in Men with De Novo High-Volume Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Urology Journal,
Vol. 20 No. 04 (2023),
2 October 2023
,
Page 222-228
https://doi.org/10.22037/uj.v20i.7402
Abstract
Purpose: The extent of effectiveness of upfront androgen receptor-axis-targeted therapies (ARAT) versus total androgen blockade (TAB) in improving prostate cancer-specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS)
in a real-world sample of Japanese patients with high-volume mHSPC remains unclear. We, therefore, investigated
the efficacy and safety of upfront ARAT versus bicalutamide for de novo high-volume mHSPC in Japanese patients.
Material and Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study that analyzed CSS, clinical PFS, and adverse
events (AEs) in 170 patients with newly diagnosed high-volume mHSPC. Fifty-six patients were treated with upfront
ARAT, and 114 of them were prescribed bicalutamide in addition to ADT between January 2018 and March
2021. The primary and secondary endpoints were CSS and PFS, respectively. A 1:1 nearest neighbor propensity
score matching (PSM) with a caliper of 0.2 was performed to match the ARAT group to TAB patients.
Results: During the follow-up for a median of 21.5 months, the median CSS was not reached and 37 months in the
upfront ARAT and total androgen blockade (TAB) groups, respectively (log-rank test: P = 0.006) by propensity
score matching (PSM). Moreover, while the PFS of ARAT was unreached, the median PFS of TAB was 9 months
(log-rank test: P < 0.001). Nine patients discontinued ARAT owing to grade ≥ 3 AEs; one patient who was treated
with TAB had a grade 3 AE.
Conclusion: Upfront ARAT significantly prolonged the CSS and PFS of patients with high-volume mHSPC better
than TAB, although ARAT was associated with a higher rate of grade ≥ 3 AEs. Upfront ARAT can be more beneficial
for patients with de novo high-volume mHSPC than TAB.
- Upfront ARAT
- bicalutamide
- metastatic
- hormone sensitive
- prostate cancer
How to Cite
References
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