Comparison of rumination between men and women with obsessive- compulsive disorder and social anxiety disorder: a cross-sectional study
Researcher Bulletin of Medical Sciences,
Vol. 24 No. 1 (2019),
31 August 2020
,
Page e16
Abstract
Introduction: Ruminations are one of the influencing factors in the development and continuation of obsessive-compulsive disorder and social phobias. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the rumination between man and women with obsessive-compulsive disorder and social anxiety.
Materials & Methods: The research design was cross-sectional. The research participants included 30 patients with social anxiety disorder and 30 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder who were aged between 15 and 50 years from Zanjan city in 2017. Samples were selected on the basis of psychiatrist diagnosis and structured diagnostic interviews (SCID-I) and (SCID-II), and the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The rumination response style questionnaire (RRS) was used to measure the variables.
Results: The results of MANOVA showed that women with OCD have more rumination and distraction than men with this disorder (p≤0.05). However, there was no significant difference between two groups regarding the component of contemplation. There was no significant difference between men and women in social anxiety disorder in terms of rumination and its related components.
Conclusion: According to research findings, rumination plays an important role in obsessive-compulsive disorder and social anxiety, which are experienced by both groups. Therefore, the role of ruminations in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder is more intense.
Keywords:
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder; Social anxiety; Ruminations, Women; Men
How to Cite
Salek Ebrahimi, L., Mousavi, S. ., Belal Habashi, S. ., & Hasani , J. . (2020). Comparison of rumination between men and women with obsessive- compulsive disorder and social anxiety disorder: a cross-sectional study. Researcher Bulletin of Medical Sciences, 24(1), e16. Retrieved from https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/index.php/rbms/article/view/32250
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15. Brozovich، A.، Goldin، PH.، Lee، I.، Jazaieri، H.، Richard، G.، & James J.(2014). The Effect of Rumination and Reappraisalon Social Anxiety Symptoms During Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder. Journal of clinical psychology، 10، 1-11.
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22. Lyubomirsky، S.، Layous، K.، Chancellor، J.، & Nelson، S. K. (2015).Thinking about rumination: The scholarly contributions and intellectuallegacy of Susan Nolen-Hoeksema. Annual Review ofClinical Psychology، 11، 1–22.
23. Modini، M.، Rapee، R. M.، Costa، D. S.، & Abbott، M. J. (2018). Modelling the Relationship Between Changes in Social Anxiety and Rumination Before and After Treatment. Cognitive Therapy and Research، 42(3)، 250-260.
24. Modini، M.، Rapee، R. M.، & Abbott، M. J. (2018). Processes and pathways mediating the experience of social anxiety and negative rumination. Behaviour research and therapy، 103، 24-32.
25. Modini، M.، & Abbott، M. J. (2018). Banning pre-event rumination in social anxiety: A preliminary randomized trial. Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry، 61، 72-79.
26. Morris، B. A.، & Shakespeare‐Finch، J. (2011). Rumination، post‐traumatic growth، and distress: structural equation modelling with cancer survivors. Psycho‐Oncology، 20(11)، 1176-1183.
27. Nolen-Hoeksema S، Davis CG. Thanks for sharing that": Ruminators and their social support networks. J Pers Soc Psychol 1999; 77(4): 801-14.
28. Raines، A. M.، Vidaurri، D. N.، Portero، A. K.، & Schmidt، N. B. (2017). Associations between rumination and obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions. Personality and Individual Differences، 113، 63-67.
29. Romero‐Sanchiz، P.، Nogueira‐Arjona، R.، Godoy‐Ávila، A.، Gavino‐Lázaro، A.، & Freeston، M. H. (2017). Differences in clinical intrusive thoughts between obsessive–compulsive disorder، generalized anxiety disorder، and hypochondria. Clinical psychology & psychotherapy، 24(6)، O1464-O1473
30. Smith، JM.، & Alloy، LB. (2009). A roadmap to rumination: A review of the definition، conceptualization of this multifaceted construct. J Clin Psychol Rev، 29، 116-128.
31. Smith JM، Alloy LB، Abramson LY. Cognitive vulnerability to depression، rumination، hopelessness، and suicidal ideation: Multiple pathways to self-injurious thinking. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2006; 36(4): 443-54
32. Yook, K. Kim, K. Young, S., & Lee, K. (2010). Intolerance of uncertainty, worry, and rumination in major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 623- 628.
2. Asadzadeh, Inceh Naz, and Mahmoud Allylu, Majid (1396). Determining the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on the symptoms of depression and life expectancy of women with breast cancer. Clinical Psychology Studies, 8 (29), 69-95.
3. Bagherinejad, Mina, Salehi Fodardi, Javad Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mahmoud (2010) Relationship between Rhinoceros and Depression in an Example of Iranian Students. Educational Studies and Psychology, 11th Year, No. 1, 2010.
4. Bakhtiari, Maryam (2000). Research of mental disorders in patients with deformity disorder. Department of Endodontics, Tehran Psychiatric Institute.
5. Sadock, Benjamin James, Sadock, Virginia Alcote and Roez, Pedro (2015). Summary of Psychiatry - Behavioral Sciences / Clinical Psychiatry. Translation: Farzin Rezaee, Arjmand Publishing.
6. Hassanzadeh, Nasrin (2012). The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Reducing Rhomboidry in Patients with Major Depression (Master's Thesis), Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.
7. Khosravi, Masoumeh, Mehrabi, Hossein Ali and Azizi Moghaddam, Majadeh (2008). Comparative study of the components of rumination in depressed, obsessive compulsive patients and normal people. Journal of Semnan University of Medical Sciences, 2010 (Issue 1).
8. Reyhaneh; Mohammad Khani, Shahram, Hasani, Jafar and Shams, Jamal (2011). The Effect of Metacognitive Therapy on Improving Metacognitive Beliefs, Rhyming, and Symptom Symptoms: A Quiz. Quarterly Journal of Clinical Psychology Studies, Vol. 1, No. 3, 2011.
9. Sharifi, Vandad; Asadi; Seyyed Mohammad; Mohammadi; Mohammad Reza; Amini; Homayoun; Kaviani; Hossein; Semnani; Yousef; Shaabani; Amir; Shahrivar; Zahra; Aristotle Ashtiani; Rosita; Hakim Shooshtari; Mitra; Seddiq; Arshia; Jalali Roodsari; Mohsen (2004). The backup layer for the diagnostic structure is for SCID (DSM-IV). New Developments in Cognitive Science, Year 6, No. 2, 1383.
10. Zahiri, Saeed; Dehghani, Akram Visidy, Razieh. (1396). Effectiveness of acceptance and compassion-based commitment on obsession with high-school students with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychological studies, 13 (4), 93-108.
11. Ghadampour, Ezzatollah; Hosseini Raghaghani; Nasrin Sadat; Moradi; Somayeh; Moradiani; Seyyedeh Khadijeh and Ali Akbarpour; Kobra (1396). The Effectiveness of Emotional Therapy Scheme on Post-Event Rhubarb and Cognitive Avoidance in Students with Social Anxiety Clinical Syndrome. Journal of Horizh Danesh, 24 (2), 111-118.
12. Mohammadi, Abolfazl; Zargar, Fatemeh, Omidi, Abdollah and Bagherian Sararoudi, Reza (2013). The models of etiology of social anxiety disorder. Journal of Research in Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2013.
13. Namdarpour, Fahimeh; Fatehizadeh, Maryam, Bahrami, Fatemeh and Mohammadi Fesharaki, Rahmatolah (1396). Investigating Factors Affecting Rhickness in Women with Marital Conflict. Research in behavioral science, 15 (4), 459-466.
14. Aderka، I. M.، Hofmann، S. G.، Nickerson، A.، Hermesh، H.، Gilboa-Schectman، E.، & Marom، S. (2012). Functional impairment in social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders، 26، 393- 400.
15. Brozovich، A.، Goldin، PH.، Lee، I.، Jazaieri، H.، Richard، G.، & James J.(2014). The Effect of Rumination and Reappraisalon Social Anxiety Symptoms During Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder. Journal of clinical psychology، 10، 1-11.
16. Carver CS، Scheier MF. Origins and functions of positive and negative affect: A control-process view. Psychol Rev 1990; 97(1): 19-35.
17. Farchione، TJ.، Fairholme، CP.، Ellard، KK.، Boisseau، CL.، Hollands، J.، Carl، JR. (2012). Unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Behavior Therapy، 43، 666- 678
18. Hosseini Ramaghani N، Hadian Fard H، Taghavi S M، Aflaksiar A. The Comparison of Executive Performances in the Girl Students with Social Anxiety Disorder and Normal Students in Shiraz City. Avicenna J Clin Med. 2015; 22 (3): 237-47.
19. Joormann، J. (2006). Differentioal effect of rumination and dysphoria on the inhibition of irrelevant emotional material: Evidance from a negative priming task. Cognitive and Research Therapy، 30، 149- 160.
20. Liu، J.، Peh، C. X.، Simard، S.، Griva، K.، & Mahendran، R. (2018). Beyond the fear that lingers: The interaction between fear of cancer recurrence and rumination in relation to depression and anxiety symptoms. Journal of Psychosomatic Research
21. Liu، M.، & Ren، S. (2018). Moderating Effect of Emotional Intelligence on the Relationship between Rumination and Anxiety. Current Psychology، 37(1)، 272-279.
22. Lyubomirsky، S.، Layous، K.، Chancellor، J.، & Nelson، S. K. (2015).Thinking about rumination: The scholarly contributions and intellectuallegacy of Susan Nolen-Hoeksema. Annual Review ofClinical Psychology، 11، 1–22.
23. Modini، M.، Rapee، R. M.، Costa، D. S.، & Abbott، M. J. (2018). Modelling the Relationship Between Changes in Social Anxiety and Rumination Before and After Treatment. Cognitive Therapy and Research، 42(3)، 250-260.
24. Modini، M.، Rapee، R. M.، & Abbott، M. J. (2018). Processes and pathways mediating the experience of social anxiety and negative rumination. Behaviour research and therapy، 103، 24-32.
25. Modini، M.، & Abbott، M. J. (2018). Banning pre-event rumination in social anxiety: A preliminary randomized trial. Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry، 61، 72-79.
26. Morris، B. A.، & Shakespeare‐Finch، J. (2011). Rumination، post‐traumatic growth، and distress: structural equation modelling with cancer survivors. Psycho‐Oncology، 20(11)، 1176-1183.
27. Nolen-Hoeksema S، Davis CG. Thanks for sharing that": Ruminators and their social support networks. J Pers Soc Psychol 1999; 77(4): 801-14.
28. Raines، A. M.، Vidaurri، D. N.، Portero، A. K.، & Schmidt، N. B. (2017). Associations between rumination and obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions. Personality and Individual Differences، 113، 63-67.
29. Romero‐Sanchiz، P.، Nogueira‐Arjona، R.، Godoy‐Ávila، A.، Gavino‐Lázaro، A.، & Freeston، M. H. (2017). Differences in clinical intrusive thoughts between obsessive–compulsive disorder، generalized anxiety disorder، and hypochondria. Clinical psychology & psychotherapy، 24(6)، O1464-O1473
30. Smith، JM.، & Alloy، LB. (2009). A roadmap to rumination: A review of the definition، conceptualization of this multifaceted construct. J Clin Psychol Rev، 29، 116-128.
31. Smith JM، Alloy LB، Abramson LY. Cognitive vulnerability to depression، rumination، hopelessness، and suicidal ideation: Multiple pathways to self-injurious thinking. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2006; 36(4): 443-54
32. Yook, K. Kim, K. Young, S., & Lee, K. (2010). Intolerance of uncertainty, worry, and rumination in major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 623- 628.
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