Clinical and Epidemiological Findings of Pediatric Onset Multiple Sclerosis in East-Azerbaijan, Iran; A Population-based Study
Iranian Journal of Child Neurology,
Vol. 17 No. 3 (2023),
17 July 2023
,
Page 107-117
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.34417
Abstract
Objectives
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is among the most prevalent chronic immunemediated
inflammatory diseases. If MS onset is under 18, it is defined
as pediatric-onset MS (POMS). This study aimed to determine the
clinical and epidemiological aspects of POMS.
Materials & Methods
This population-based study was conducted in East-Azerbaijan (EA)
province and concerned POMS patients. The data concerning almost
all of the POMS patients of the province was gathered from the only
MS registry center in the university hospital of the Tabriz University
of Medical Sciences by the end of 2017. The diagnosis of patients was
based on McDonald’s criteria.
Results
Out of 2976 total cases of MS, eighty-five (2.85%) were POMS. The
overall regional prevalence of POMS was 11.67 per 100,000 (95%
CI:9.43-11.43). Sixty-seven cases were female (prevalence: 18.94 per
100,000 [95% CI:14.91-24.07], and eighteen were male (prevalence:
4.80 per 100,000 [95% CI:3.03-7.62]. The crude regional incidence
in 2017 was 1.37/100,000 (95% CI:0.74-2.55). The mean age of onset
was 15.81±1.33 years, with a minimum age of 12. 71.76% of the
patients were diagnosed in the 16- or 17-years old age group. 7.05%
had a positive family history, and 87.5% of the patients diagnosed the
disease promptly. The most common first clinical presentations were
blurred vision (43.75%), sensory (28.12%), cerebellar (15.62%), and
brainstem (9.37%) symptoms.
Conclusion
POMS is not a rare condition, and it mainly affects females. POMS
prevalence increases significantly after age 15 years old, and the first
manifestation of the disease is usually blurred vision.
- multiple sclerosis, pediatric onset multiple sclerosis, early onset multiple sclerosis
How to Cite
References
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