Ophthalmic Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Series
Journal of Ophthalmic and Optometric Sciences,
Vol. 8 No. 3 (2024),
12 July 2024
https://doi.org/10.22037/joos.v8i3.48095
Abstract
Purpose: This case series study reports the ophthalmic manifestations observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and their diagnostic implications.
Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional case series included 15 MS patients from Negah Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Each patient underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), pupillary response, ocular motility, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundoscopy, visual field testing, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and visual evoked potentials (VEP). Patient demographics, systemic conditions, and treatment history were also analyzed.
Results: Our study included 15 patients with MS (11 females, 4 males, aged 18–56 years). BCVA ranged from 20/20 to 20/100, with objective color vision impairment in 6 % of cases. Relative afferent pupillary defect was observed in 6 % of patients. Optic neuritis and visual disturbances were common findings. Optic nerve atrophy was observed in 20 % of patients. Ocular motility disturbances, including internuclear ophthalmoplegia and diplopia, were present in 20 %. Visual field abnormalities were detected in 26 %, while VEP testing showed delayed latency in all tested eyes. OCT results were normal in 20 % of cases. Uveitis was noted in 6 %, and 13 % had concurrent COVID-19 infection.
Conclusion: This case series highlights the diverse ophthalmic manifestations of MS, with optic neuritis and ocular motility disturbances as key findings. VEP and OCT provide valuable diagnostic insights, especially for subclinical cases. A comprehensive ophthalmic assessment is crucial in MS management to improve diagnosis and prevent unnecessary treatments.
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Optic Neuritis
- Ophthalmic Manifestations
- Neuro-Ophthalmology
How to Cite
References
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