Ophthalmic Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis: A Brief Review
Journal of Ophthalmic and Optometric Sciences,
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024),
2 April 2024
,
Page 33-40
https://doi.org/10.22037/joos.v8i2.47606
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently affects visual system, leading to complications such as contrast sensitivity deficits, visual field abnormalities, pupillary reflex disturbances, and efferent pathway dysfunction. These visual deficits may occur even without a history of optic neuritis. Uveitis and periphlebitis, observed in a subset of MS patients, further contribute to disability and require careful monitoring. Given the high prevalence of visual involvement, a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation, including visual evoked potential (VEP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), is essential for early diagnosis and disease monitoring.
Steroids remain the primary treatment for acute MS exacerbations, but they offer no long-term visual benefits and may lead to complications such as central serous retinopathy. Disease-modifying therapies, including natalizumab, fingolimod, and alemtuzumab, are associated with retinal vascular complications and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. Early recognition and continuous monitoring of ophthalmic complications in MS are critical for preserving visual function.
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Ophthalmic
- Manifestations
- Review
How to Cite
References
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