Biometric Indices and Their Relation with Age, Sex and Ethnicity
Journal of Ophthalmic and Optometric Sciences,
Vol. 1 No. 3 (2017),
29 November 2017
,
Page 5-12
https://doi.org/10.22037/joos.v1i3.20659
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of biometric indices with age, gender and ethnicity.
Patients and Methods: Three hundred and seventy patients entered the study from Basir Eye Clinic refractive assessment clinic. Sociodemographic data was gathered. Ocular parameters for both eyes and corneal curvature were measured by immersion technique and manual keratometry, respectively.
Results: Axial length was significantly higher among male patients (P = 0.01) and vitreous chamber depth was significantly higher in females (P = 0.02). Axial length and vitreous chamber depth parameters were significantly higher among Arab patients (P = 0.01) compared to Persian patients and there was no other significant differences between these two groups. A significant increase in lens thickness and mean K (P < 0.001, coefficient = 0.15 and 0.023 respectively) and a significant reduction with axial length, anterior chamber depth and vitreous chamber depth (P < 0.001, coefficient = - 0.31, - 0.10 and - 0.37 respectively) were observed in correlation with the age of participants.
Conclusion: There was correlation between axial length, depth of the anterior chamber, vitreous chamber depth, lens thickness and mean k with age of the participants. Male subjects and specific ethnicities such as Arab patients tend to have higher axial length values.
Keywords: Axial length, anterior chamber depth, vitreous chamber depth, sex, age, Iran.
How to Cite
References
Newton VE. Waardenburg's syndrome: a comparison of biometric indices used to diagnose lateraldisplacement of the inner canthi. Scand Audiol. 1989;18(4):221-3.
Pizzarello L, Abiose A, Ffytche T, Duerksen R, Thulasiraj R, Taylor H, et al. VISION 2020: The Right to Sight: a global initiative to eliminate avoidable blindness. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr;122(4):615-20.
Bhatt AB, Schefler AC, Feuer WJ, Yoo SH, Murray TG. Comparison of predictions made by the intraocular lens master and ultrasound biometry. Arch Ophthalmol. 2008;126(7):929-33.
Katz J, Tielsch JM, Sommer A. Prevalence and risk factors for refractive errors in an adult inner city population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997;38(2):334-40.
Ip JM, Huynh SC, Robaei D, Kifley A, Rose KA, Morgan IG, et al. Ethnic differences in refraction and ocular biometry in a population-based sample of 11-15-year-old Australian children. Eye (Lond). 2008;22(5):649-56.
Wong TY, Foster PJ, Johnson GJ, Seah SK. Refractive errors, axial ocular dimensions, and age-related cataracts: the Tanjong Pagar survey. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003;44(4):1479-85.
Roy A, Kar M, Mandal D, Ray RS, Kar C. Variation of Axial Ocular Dimensions with Age, Sex, Height, BMI-and Their Relation to Refractive Status. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015, 9(1): AC01-AC04.
Huynh SC1, Kifley A, Rose KA, Morgan I, Heller GZ, Mitchell P. Astigmatism and its components in 6-year-old children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47(1):55-64.
Harding JJ, Harding RS, Egerton M. Risk factors for cataract in Oxfordshire: diabetes peripheral neuropathy, myopia, glaucoma and diarrhoea. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1989;67(5):510-7.
Wong TY, Foster PJ, Johnson GJ, Seah SK. Refractive errors, axial ocular dimensions, and age-related cataracts: the Tanjong Pagar survey. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003r;44(4):1479-85.
Larsen JS. The sagittal growth of the eye. 3. Ultrasonic measurement of the posterior segment (axial length of the vitreous) from birth to puberty. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1971;49(3):441-53.
Sorsby A, Benjamin B, Sheridan M, Stone J, Leary GA. Refraction and its components during the growth of the eye from the age of three. Memo Med Res Counc. 1961;301(Special):1-67.
Raj PS, Ilango B, Watson A. Measurement of axial length in the calculation of intraocular lens power. Eye (Lond). 1998;12 ( Pt 2):227-9.
Wakabayashi Y, Kimura K, Muramatsu D, Usui Y, Umazume K, Suzuki J, et al. Axial length as a factor associated with visual outcome after vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54(10):6834-40.
Wong TY, Foster PJ, Ng TP, Tielsch JM, Johnson GJ, Seah SK. Variations in ocular biometry in an adult Chinese population in Singapore: the Tanjong Pagar Survey. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42(1):73-80.
Grosvenor T. Reduction in axial length with age: an emmetropizing mechanism for the adult eye? Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1987;64(9):657-63.
Garner LF, Yap MK, Kinnear RF, Frith MJ. Ocular dimensions and refraction in Tibetan children. Optom Vis Sci. 1995;72(4):266-71.
Saw SM, Chua WH, Hong CY, Wu HM, Chan WY, Chia KS, Nearwork in early-onset myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43(2):332-9.
Van Rens GH, Arkell SM. Refractive errors and axial length among Alaskan Eskimos. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1991;69(1):27-32.
Praveen MR, Vasavada AR, Shah SK, Shah CB, Patel UP, Dixit NV, et al. Lens thickness of Indian eyes: impact of isolated lens opacity, age, axial length, and influence on anterior chamber depth. Eye (Lond). 2009 ;23(7):1542-8.
Wong TY, Foster PJ, Ng TP, Tielsch JM, Johnson GJ, Seah SK. Variations in ocular biometry in an adult Chinese population in Singapore: the Tanjong PagarSurvey. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001;42(1):73-80.
Grosvenor T, Scott R. Three-year changes in refraction and its components in youth-onset and early adult-onsetmyopia. Optom Vis Sci. 1993;70(8):677-83.
Brown NP, Koretz JF, Bron AJ. The development and maintenance of emmetropia. Eye (Lond). 1999;13 ( Pt 1):83-92.
Weale R. A note on a possible relation between refraction and a disposition for senile nuclear cataract. Br J Ophthalmol. 1980 ;64(5):311-4.
Fisher RF. Senile cataract. A comparative study between lens fibre stress and cuneiform opacity formation. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K. 1970;90:93-109.
Simonelli F, Nesti A, Pensa M, Romano L, Savastano S, Rinaldi E, et al. Lipid peroxidation and human cataractogenesis in diabetes and severe myopia. Exp Eye Res. 1989;49(2):181-7.
Micelli-Ferrari T, Vendemiale G, Grattagliano I, Boscia F, Arnese L, Altomare E, et al. Role of lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of myopic and senile cataract. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996;80(9):840-3.
Tuft SJ, Bunce C. Axial length and age at cataract surgery.J Cataract Refract Surg. 2004;30(5):1045-8.
- Abstract Viewed: 241 times
- PDF Downloaded: 106 times
