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As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

  • The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
  • The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.
  • I do realize that by checking off the box next to each statement I certify that it is true and I am signing an author agreement.
  • The submission has not been previously published in any languages and is not under consideration in another journal.
  • The authors either have no commercial associations or sources of support that might pose a conflict of interest, or the conflict of interest is declared in the declaration section at the end of the manuscript text.
  • All those designated as authors meet all four criteria for authorship, and all those who meet the four criteria are identified as authors. Those who do not meet all four criteria are acknowledged.
  • Author contribution has been stated in the declaration section. All authors are accountable for all sections of the manuscript and declare that it is written originally and there is no data fabrication; data falsification including deceptive manipulation of images and plagiarism.
  • Using artificial intelligence (AI) in any aspect of the work such as summarizing articles, writing essays, creating images, and preparing presentation drafts is declared.
  • The authors confirm that they have mentioned all the organizations that funded their research in the declaration section of the submitted manuscript, including grant numbers where appropriate.
  • Authors confirm that research records will be retained in accordance with applicable institutional, ethical, legal and funder requirements. Original research includes a Data Availability Statement specifying whether and under what conditions the underlying data are available. Data sharing is subject to participant consent, confidentiality, privacy, ethical approval and legal restrictions; any restrictions and access conditions must be explained. A request for data does not create an automatic entitlement to access, and identifiable or otherwise restricted data must not be disclosed without appropriate authorization.
  • As an ethical requirement, author(s) certify that the present research study:
    1. Is in agreement with the regulations of their institution(s) and generally accepted guidelines governing such work

    2. Contains no violation of any existing copyright or other third party right

    3. Is free of any obscene, indecent, libelous, or otherwise unlawful material