Predictors of Testis Cancer Mortality in Iran
Men's Health Journal,
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021),
6 Dey 2021
,
Page e32
https://doi.org/10.22037/mhj.v5i1.35736
Abstract
Introduction: Testis cancer is a rare cancer that afflicts young men. although the incidence of testis cancer is increasing, the mortality rate is decreasing. This study examines the mortality of testicular cancer and its relationship with the human development index and its components in Iran during 2005-2015. Materials and Methods: Data of patients with testis cancer were collected from the Office of National Cancer Registry in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOH&ME) during 2005-2015. An additional telephone survey was conducted by trained interviewers to collect data, including survival status, demographic characteristics, age of cancer diagnosis and other clinical profiles. Kaplan-Meier survival rates were calculated according to demographic characteristics, economic status, and residential area and socioeconomic status (SES). All the analyses were done using STATA software, version 14 (StataCorp. 2015). Results: From 2005 to 2015, 5886 testicular cancer cases were diagnosed among men in all age groups. Most patients (73.9%) were 15–49 years of age at the time of diagnosis, 26.1% were 50 years of age or older. Seminoma was diagnosed among 46.78% of the patients and non-seminoma among 42.28%. Factors which had impact on survival rate were age (P=0.001), tumor histology (P=0.02, hazard ratio=1.23[0.98-1.38]) and TNM stage (P=0.001, hazard ratio=1.2[0.92-1.28]). Patients who got married at the time of diagnosis more likely presented at earlier stages and had better overall testis cancer-specific survival than patients who were single, separated, widowed, or divorced (P=0.002, hazard ratio 1.27[1.09-1.49]). Testis cancer mortality rate was significantly higher in patients who did not graduate from high school and significantly higher in patients who were tenants (P=0.057, hazard ratio =1.132[0.996-1.28]). Conclusion: Testis cancer mortality is decreasing in Iran. Age, TNM stage and histology, and marital and economic status were factors influencing mortality rate.
- Testis cancer
- Mortality rate
- Prognostic factor
How to Cite
References
Ross R, McCurtis J, Henderson B, Menck H, Mack T, Martin S. Descriptive epidemiology of testicular and prostatic cancer in Los Angeles. British journal of cancer. 1979;39(3):284-92.
Richie JP. Detection and treatment of testicular cancer. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians. 1993;43(3):151-75.
Curreri SA, Fung C, Beard CJ, editors. Secondary malignant neoplasms in testicular cancer survivors. Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations; 2015: Elsevier.
Horner M, Ries L, Krapcho M. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2006. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute 2009: h ttp. seer cancer gov/csr/1975_2006/, based on November. 2008.
Hawksworth DJ, McLeod DG, Brassell SA, editors. Advances made in the treatment of testicular cancer in the US Military: 1946 to the present. Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations; 2009: Elsevier.
Fosså SD, Cvancarova M, Chen L, Allan AL, Oldenburg J, Peterson DR, et al. Adverse prognostic factors for testicular cancer–specific survival: a population-based study of 27,948 patients. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2011;29(8):963-70.
Park JS, Kim J, Elghiaty A, Ham WS. Recent global trends in testicular cancer incidence and mortality. Medicine. 2018;97(37).
Levi F, La Vecchia C, Boyle P, Lucchini F, Negri E. Western and eastern European trends in testicular cancer mortality. The Lancet. 2001;357(9271):1853-4.
Trama A, Foschi R, Larrañaga N, Sant M, Fuentes-Raspall R, Serraino D, et al. Survival of male genital cancers (prostate, testis and penis) in Europe 1999–2007: Results from the EUROCARE-5 study. European Journal of Cancer. 2015;51(15):2206-16.
Hoffman KE, Chen M-H, Punglia RS, Beard CJ, D'Amico AV. Influence of year of diagnosis, patient age, and sociodemographic status on recommending adjuvant radiation treatment for stage I testicular seminoma. Journal of clinical oncology. 2008;26(24):3937.
Woods L, Rachet B, Coleman M. Origins of socio-economic inequalities in cancer survival: a review. Annals of oncology. 2006;17(1):5-19.
Abern MR, Dude AM, Coogan CL, editors. Marital status independently predicts testis cancer survival—an analysis of the SEER database. Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations; 2012: Elsevier.
Sandrucci S, Gatta G. Rare cancers: A network for better care. European Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2019;45(1):1-2.
Blay J-Y, Soibinet P, Penel N, Bompas E, Duffaud F, Stoeckle E, et al. Improved survival using specialized multidisciplinary board in sarcoma patients. Annals of Oncology. 2017;28(11):2852-9.
- Abstract Viewed: 155 times
- pdf Downloaded: 117 times