Effects of irrigation with different solution on Incidence of Wound Infection
Iranian Journal of Emergency Medicine,
Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015),
23 May 2015
,
Page 64-69
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijem.v2i2.8729
Abstract
Introduction: Management of acute and chronic wounds has significantly altered in the last decade but little attention has been paid to the solution used for cleansing the wounds. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effects of tap water, distilled water, and normal saline for wound cleansing in emergency department. Methods: This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial with a 10-day follow up. Patients who had superficial wounds were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups: normal saline, distilled water, and tap water. The wounds were cleansed using a 20 - 60 milliliter syringe with an 18 gauge needle. All the patients were discharged with the same antibiotic and were followed 48 hours and 10-day to determine the presence or absence of infection symptoms. The evaluated outcomes were infection incidence in the first 48 hours and 10 days after being discharged. Results: 1200 patients were included in the present study (57% male, average age 25.5 ± 11.0 years). 43 (3.5%) patients showed infection symptoms in the first 48 hours. Ten (2.5%) patients were in normal saline treated group, 15 (3.7%) patients were in distilled water group, and 18 (4.4%) patients were in tap water treated group (p=0.32). 13 (3.2%) patients in normal saline group, 20 (4.9%) patients in distilled water group and 23 (5.6%) in the tap water group did not take their antibiotics. Prevalence of infection were higher in patients who did not take antibiotics (p < 0.001). The 10-day follow-up revealed that all the patients were recovered and showed no infection symptoms. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of infection in using the 3 agents (normal saline, distilled water and tap water) for cleansing wounds was similar. Therefore, drinking water could be considered as an alternative for cleansing wounds.- عفونت زخم؛ زخم و آسیب؛ عوامل ضد باکتریایی؛ خدمات اورژانسی
How to Cite
References
Posnett J, Franks PJ. The burden of chronic wounds in the UK. Nurs Times. 2008 (104):44-5.
Drew P, Posnett J, Rusling L. The cost of wound care for a local population in England. Int Wound J. 2007;4(2):149-55.
Anglen JO. Wound irrigation in musculoskeletal injury. J Am Acad Orthopaed Surg. 2001;9(4):219-26.
Rodeheaver G, Ratliff C. Wound cleansing, wound irrigation, wound disinfection. Krasner D, Kane D Chronic Wound Care Health Management Publications, Inc, Wayne. 1997;13:97-108.
Drosou A, Falabella A, Kirsner RS. Antiseptics on wounds: an area of controversy. Wounds. 2003;15(5):149-66.
Atiyeh BS, Dibo SA, Hayek SN. Wound cleansing, topical antiseptics and wound healing. Int Wound J. 2009;6(6):420-30.
Weiss EA, Oldham G, Lin M, Foster T, Quinn JV. Water is a safe and effective alternative to sterile normal saline for wound irrigation prior to suturing: a prospective, double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial. BMJ Open. 2013;3(1): e001504.
Valente JH, Forti RJ, Freundlich LF, Zandieh SO, Crain EF. Wound irrigation in children: saline solution or tap water? Ann Emerg Med. 2003;41(5):609-16.
Dire DJ, Welsh AP. A comparison of wound irrigation solutions used in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 1990;19(6): 704-8.
Qian C, Xiaofei Z, Di Donghua WB, Jianzhong Z, Xiujie D, Qun Z. A comparative study on the therapeutic effects of different irrigation solutions in the early debridement of open fracture wounds in rats. Chongqing Med. 2012;34:17-23.
Griffiths R, Fernandez R, Ussia C. Is tap water a safe alternative to normal saline for wound irrigation in the community setting? J Wound Care. 2001 (10):407-11.
Ward Sr WG, Corey RM. To Wash or Not to Wash: That Is the Question. J Bone Joint Surg. 2014;96(4):e34.
Cooper DD, Seupaul RA. Is water effective for wound cleansing? Ann Emerg Med. 2012;60(5):626-7.
Henton J, Jain A. Cochrane corner: water for wound cleansing. J Hand Surg. 2012;37(4):375-6.
Hillenbrand M, Bührer G, Horch RE. Irrigation of chronic wounds with tap water as a prerequisite for improved healing. Int Wound J. 2014;12(2):1-3.
Queirós P, Santos E, Apóstolo J, Cardoso D, Cunha M, Rodrigues M. The effectiveness of cleansing solutions for wound treatment: a systematic review protocol. JBI Database System Rev Implement Report. 2013;11(5):169-81.
Angerås M, Brandberg A, Falk A, Seeman T. Comparison between sterile saline and tap water for the cleaning of acute traumatic soft tissue wounds. Eur J Surg. 1991;158(6-7):347-50.
Towler J. Cleansing traumatic wounds with swabs, water or saline. J Wound Care. 2001;10(6):231-4.
- Abstract Viewed: 3088 times
- PDF (فارسی) Downloaded: 12724 times
- HTML (فارسی) Downloaded: 144 times