Hamedi, A. et al. 2025. Non-surgical Management of a C-shaped Mandibular Second Molar with Apical Periodontitis and External Root Resorption: A Case Report. Iranian Endodontic Journal. 20, 1 (Oct. 2025), e45. DOI:https://doi.org/10.22037/iej.v20i1.48177.