ISSN: 2008-2258
Vol 16, No 1 (2023): Winter
The Effects of flaxseed supplementation on circulating adipokines concentration in patients with ulcerative colitis
Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench,
,
https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v16i1.2622
Abstract
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases affecting people of all ages. Adipokines secreted from adipose tissue have been shown to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with ground flaxseed (GF) on the concentrations of adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin in patients with UC.
Methods: This trial is an open-labeled randomized controlled trial conducted among 70 patients with UC. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: flaxseed and control. Patients in the intervention were received 30 g/day flaxseed powder for 12 weeks. Patients' anthropometric, nutritional, and biochemical factors were evaluated at the beginning and end of the intervention period.
Finding: Totally, 64 patients (36 men and 28 women) with a mean age of 31.12 ± 9.67 were included in the final analysis. There wasn’t any significant difference between the two groups regarding baseline weight and height (p>0.05). After the 12 weeks' intervention, flaxseed supplementation led to a significant reduction in the resistin (-4.85 ± 1.89 vs. -1.10 ± 2.25, p<0.001) and visfatin concentration (-1.33± 1.14 vs. -0.53 ± 1.63, p=0.018). Moreover, we found a significant increase in the adiponectin levels after the GF supplementation (3.49 ± 1.29 vs. -0.35 ± 0.96, p<0.001).
Conclusion: It has been reported in this study that flaxseed supplementation could exert beneficial effects on adipokine levels in patients with UC.
Keywords:
- adipokine, adiponectin, clinical trial, flaxseed, resistin, visfatin
How to Cite
Morshedzadeh, N., Rahimlou, M., Shahrokh, S., Chaleshi, V., mirmiran, parvin, & Zali, M. R. (2022). The Effects of flaxseed supplementation on circulating adipokines concentration in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v16i1.2622
References
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[1] A. Kopp, C. Buechler, M. Neumeier, J. Weigert, C. Aslanidis, J. Schölmerich, A. Schäffler, Innate immunity and adipocyte function: ligand‐specific activation of multiple Toll‐like receptors modulates cytokine, adipokine, and chemokine secretion in adipocytes, Obesity 17(4) (2009) 648-656.
[2] T. Karrasch, A. Schaeffler, Adipokines and the role of visceral adipose tissue in inflammatory bowel disease, Annals of Gastroenterology: Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology 29(4) (2016) 424.
[3] L. Zuo, S. Ge, Y. Ge, J. Li, B. Zhu, Z. Zhang, C. Jiang, J. Li, S. Wang, M. Liu, The adipokine metrnl ameliorates chronic colitis in Il-10–/–mice by attenuating mesenteric adipose tissue lesions during spontaneous colitis, Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 13(7) (2019) 931-941.
[4] A.N. Ananthakrishnan, Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: a review, Digestive diseases and sciences 60(2) (2015) 290-298.
[5] H. Tilg, A.R. Moschen, Adipocytokines: mediators linking adipose tissue, inflammation and immunity, Nature Reviews Immunology 6(10) (2006) 772-783.
[6] M. Waluga, M. Hartleb, G. Boryczka, M. Kukla, K. Żwirska-Korczala, Serum adipokines in inflammatory bowel disease, World journal of gastroenterology: WJG 20(22) (2014) 6912.
[7] L. Valentini, E.K. Wirth, U. Schweizer, S. Hengstermann, L. Schaper, T. Koernicke, E. Dietz, K. Norman, C. Buning, B.M. Winklhofer-Roob, Circulating adipokines and the protective effects of hyperinsulinemia in inflammatory bowel disease, Nutrition 25(2) (2009) 172-181.
[8] N. Morshedzadeh, M. Rahimlou, H.A. Aghdaei, S. Shahrokh, M.R. Zali, P. Mirmiran, Association between adipokines levels with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): systematic reviews, Digestive diseases and sciences 62(12) (2017) 3280-3286.
[9] T. Nishihara, M. Matsuda, H. Araki, K. Oshima, S. Kihara, T. Funahashi, I. Shimomura, Effect of adiponectin on murine colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium, Gastroenterology 131(3) (2006) 853-861.
[10] O.O. Ogunwobi, I.L. Beales, Adiponectin stimulates proliferation and cytokine secretion in colonic epithelial cells, Regulatory peptides 134(2-3) (2006) 105-113.
[11] P. Kajla, A. Sharma, D.R. Sood, Flaxseed—a potential functional food source, Journal of food science and technology 52(4) (2015) 1857-1871.
[12] A. Touré, X. Xueming, Flaxseed lignans: source, biosynthesis, metabolism, antioxidant activity, bio‐active components, and health benefits, Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety 9(3) (2010) 261-269.
[13] M. Parikh, T.G. Maddaford, J.A. Austria, M. Aliani, T. Netticadan, G.N. Pierce, Dietary flaxseed as a strategy for improving human health, Nutrients 11(5) (2019) 1171.
[14] M. Parikh, T. Netticadan, G.N. Pierce, Flaxseed: its bioactive components and their cardiovascular benefits, American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology (2018).
[15] M. Rahimlou, N.B. Jahromi, N. Hasanyani, A.R. Ahmadi, Effects of flaxseed interventions on circulating inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Advances in Nutrition 10(6) (2019) 1108-1119.
[16] M. Askarpour, M. Karimi, A. Hadi, E. Ghaedi, M.E. Symonds, M. Miraghajani, P. Javadian, Effect of flaxseed supplementation on markers of inflammation and endothelial function: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Cytokine 126 (2020) 154922.
[17] A. Hadi, M. Askarpour, R. Ziaei, K. Venkatakrishnan, E. Ghaedi, A. Ghavami, Impact of flaxseed supplementation on plasma lipoprotein (a) concentrations: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials, Phytotherapy Research 34(7) (2020) 1599-1608.
[18] A. Hadi, M. Askarpour, S. Salamat, E. Ghaedi, M.E. Symonds, M. Miraghajani, Effect of flaxseed supplementation on lipid profile: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of sixty-two randomized controlled trials, Pharmacological research 152 (2020) 104622.
[19] S. Fukumitsu, K. Aida, N. Ueno, S. Ozawa, Y. Takahashi, M. Kobori, Flaxseed lignan attenuates high-fat diet-induced fat accumulation and induces adiponectin expression in mice, Br J Nutr 100(3) (2008) 669-76.
[20] N. Maeda, M. Takahashi, T. Funahashi, S. Kihara, H. Nishizawa, K. Kishida, H. Nagaretani, M. Matsuda, R. Komuro, N. Ouchi, H. Kuriyama, K. Hotta, T. Nakamura, I. Shimomura, Y. Matsuzawa, PPARgamma ligands increase expression and plasma concentrations of adiponectin, an adipose-derived protein, Diabetes 50(9) (2001) 2094-9.
[21] R.M. Krauss, R.H. Eckel, B. Howard, L.J. Appel, S.R. Daniels, R.J. Deckelbaum, J.W. Erdman Jr, P. Kris-Etherton, I.J. Goldberg, T.A. Kotchen, AHA Dietary Guidelines: revision 2000: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association, Circulation 102(18) (2000) 2284-2299.
[22] F. Haidari, N. Banaei-Jahromi, M. Zakerkish, K. Ahmadi, The effects of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic status in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized open-labeled controlled clinical trial, Nutrition Journal 19(1) (2020) 8.
[23] T. Toulabi, M. Yarahmadi, F. Goudarzi, F. Ebrahimzadeh, A. Momenizadeh, S. Yarahmadi, Effects of flaxseed on blood pressure, body mass index, and total cholesterol in hypertensive patients: A randomized clinical trial, EXPLORE (2021).
[24] B. Rivero-Gutierrez, C.J. Aranda, B. Ocon, M. Arredondo, O. Martinez-Augustin, F.S. de Medina, Exogenous leptin reinforces intestinal barrier function and protects from colitis, Pharmacological research 147 (2019) 104356.
[25] G. Fantuzzi, Adiponectin and inflammation: consensus and controversy, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 121(2) (2008) 326-330.
[26] S. Engeli, M. Feldpausch, K. Gorzelniak, F. Hartwig, U. Heintze, J. Janke, M. Möhlig, A.F. Pfeiffer, F.C. Luft, A.M. Sharma, Association between adiponectin and mediators of inflammation in obese women, Diabetes 52(4) (2003) 942-947.
[27] J. Weigert, F. Obermeier, M. Neumeier, J. Wanninger, M. Filarsky, S. Bauer, C. Aslanidis, G. Rogler, C. Ott, A. Schäffler, Circulating levels of chemerin and adiponectin are higher in ulcerative colitis and chemerin is elevated in Crohn's disease, Inflammatory bowel diseases 16(4) (2010) 630-637.
[28] K. Karmiris, I.E. Koutroubakis, C. Xidakis, M. Polychronaki, T. Voudouri, E.A. Kouroumalis, Circulating levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and ghrelin in inflammatory bowel disease, Inflammatory bowel diseases 12(2) (2006) 100-105.
[29] U.B. Pajvani, X. Du, T.P. Combs, A.H. Berg, M.W. Rajala, T. Schulthess, J. Engel, M. Brownlee, P.E. Scherer, Structure-function studies of the adipocyte-secreted hormone Acrp30/adiponectin implications for metabolic regulation and bioactivity, Journal of Biological Chemistry 278(11) (2003) 9073-9085.
[30] A. Batra, M. Zeitz, B. Siegmund, Adipokine signaling in inflammatory bowel disease, Inflammatory bowel diseases 15(12) (2009) 1897-1905.
[31] A.M. Wolf, D. Wolf, H. Rumpold, B. Enrich, H. Tilg, Adiponectin induces the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1RA in human leukocytes, Biochemical and biophysical research communications 323(2) (2004) 630-635.
[32] S. Sekine, S. Sasanuki, Y. Murano, T. Aoyama, H. Takeuchi, Alpha-linolenic acid-rich flaxseed oil ingestion increases plasma adiponectin level in rats, Int J Vitam Nutr Res 78(4-5) (2008) 223-9.
[33] G.K. Paschos, A. Zampelas, D.B. Panagiotakos, S. Katsiougiannis, B.A. Griffin, V. Votteas, F.N. Skopouli, Effects of flaxseed oil supplementation on plasma adiponectin levels in dyslipidemic men, Eur J Nutr 46(6) (2007) 315-20.
[34] C. Jalili, M. Pezeshki, M. Askarpour, W. Marx, B. Hassani, A. Hadi, E. Ghaedi, The effect of flaxseed supplementation on circulating adiponectin and leptin concentration in adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials, Phytotherapy Research (2020).
[35] S.M. Ishtiaq, H. Rashid, Z. Hussain, M.I. Arshad, J.A. Khan, Adiponectin and PPAR: a setup for intricate crosstalk between obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 20(3) (2019) 253-261.
[36] W. Ma, T. Huang, Y. Zheng, M. Wang, G.A. Bray, F.M. Sacks, L. Qi, Weight-loss diets, adiponectin, and changes in cardiometabolic risk in the 2-year POUNDS Lost Trial, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 101(6) (2016) 2415-2422.
[37] M. Mohammadi‐Sartang, Z. Mazloom, H. Raeisi‐Dehkordi, R. Barati‐Boldaji, N. Bellissimo, J. Totosy de Zepetnek, The effect of flaxseed supplementation on body weight and body composition: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of 45 randomized placebo‐controlled trials, Obesity Reviews 18(9) (2017) 1096-1107.
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