The Capacity of Probiotics on Gluten Hydrolysis; a Review Study
Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench,
,
9 December 2020
https://doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v13i1.2245
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestinal mucosa in genetically susceptible subject when getting exposed to gluten on their diet. Gluten in wheat, rye and barley is harmful to some individuals and leads to various symptoms. Different research approved that, treatment with probiotics in CD patients could improve the symptoms by the gluten hydrolysis. for this purpose, different databases such as Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched using the following keywords: Celiac disease, Wheat flour, Gluten, glutamine, Probiotic, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enzymes, Wheat allergy, Immune system, T cells, HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ8, Gluten-free diet, Proteolysis, α2-gliadin fragment, Gliadin, 33-mer peptide, Zonulin. The search aimed to retrieve the articles published during 2000-2019. Today, a gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only celiac disease treatment. Biotechnological strategy based on probiotic treatment could be able to degrade gluten. Research has shown that, combination of the probiotic enzyme is more effective than single on gluten hydrolysis. The result of different studies showed that probiotic mixture has the capacity to hydrolyze a considerable concentration of the 33-mer of gliadin completely. The present was study aimed to investigate the associations between the capacities of probiotics on gluten hydrolysis.
Keywords: Celiac disease, Gliadin, Gluten-free diet, Probiotics, Wheat
Keywords:
- • Celiac disease, Gliadin, Gluten-free diet, Probiotics, Wheat×
References
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27. Laparra JM, Sanz Y. Bifidobacteria inhibit the inflammatory response induced by gliadins in intestinal epithelial cells via modifications of toxic peptide generation during digestion. J Cell Biochem. 2010; 109: 801–807.
28. Golfetto L, Senna FD, Hermes J, Beserra BTS, França FS, Martinello F. Lower bifidobacteria counts in adult patients with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet. Arq Gastroenterol. 2014; 51(2): 139-143.
29. Laparra, J.M. and Sanz, Y. Bifidobacteria inhibit the inflammatory response induced by gliadins in intestinal epithelial cells via modifications of toxic peptide generation during digestion. J Cell Biochem. 2010; 109: 801–807.
30. Ash, M. The Golden Age of Gluten Free Living: New Findings, Tests And Treatments. Clinical Education. 2015
31. Siddiqi R A , Singh Sogi D, Sehajpa P K. Effect of short-term sourdough fermentation on wheat protein. Cogent Food & Agriculture. 2016; 2: 1132983: 1-10.
32. Chibbar R, Dieleman L.A. The Gut Microbiota in Celiac Disease and Probiotics. Nutrients 2019; 11, 2375.
33. Mitea C, et al. Efficient degradation of gluten by a prolyl endoprotease in a gastrointestinal model: implications for coeliac disease. Gut. 2008; 57(1): 25-32.
34. Helmerhorst EJ, Zamakhchari M, Schuppan D, Oppenheim FG. Discovery of a novel and rich source of gluten–degrading microbial enzymes in the oral cavity. 2010; PLoS One 5:e13264.
35. Volta U, Tovoli F, Cicola R, Parisi C, Fabbri A, Piscaglia M, Fiorini E, Caio G Serological tests in gluten sensitivity (nonceliac gluten intolerance). J Clin Gastroenterol. 2012; 46(8): 680-5.
36. Greco L, Gobbetti M, Auricchio R, Di Mase R, Paparo F, Di Cagno R, De Angelis M, Rizzello CG, Cassone A, Terrone G, Timpone L, D’Aniello M, Troncone R, Auricchio S. Safety for celiac patients of baked goods made of wheat flour hydrolyzed during food processing. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011; 9: 24 –29.
37. Lindfors K, Blomqvist T, Juuti-Uusitalo KM, et al. Live probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis bacteria inhibit the toxic effects induced by wheat gliadin in epithelial cell culture. Clin Exp Immunol. 2008; 152: 552–558.
38. Duar RM, Clark KJ, Patil PB, Hernández C, Brüning S, Burkey TE, Madayiputhiya N, Taylor SL, Walter J. Identification and characterization of intestinal lactobacilli strains capable of degrading immunotoxic peptides present in gluten. J Appl Microbiol. 2015; 118:515–527.
39. Herran, A.R.; Perez-Andres, J.; Caminero, A.; Nistal, E.; Vivas, S.; Ruiz de Morales, J.M.; Casqueiro, J. Gluten-degrading bacteria are present in human small intestine of healthy volunteers and celiac patients. Res. Microbiol. 2017; 168, 673–684.
40. Olivares, M.; Laparra, M.; Sanz, Y. Influence of Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 and gliadin peptides on intestinal epithelial cell proteome. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2012; 59, 7666–7671.
41. De Angelis M, Rizzelo CG, Fasano A, Clemente MG, De Simone C, Silano M, De Vincenzi M, Losito I, Gobbetti M. VSL#3 probiotic preparation has the capacity to hydrolyze gliadin polypeptides responsible for celiac sprue. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006; 1762: 80–93.
42. Shan L, Mathews II, Khosla C. Structural and mechanistic analysis of two prolyl endopeptidases: role of interdomain dynamics in catalysis and specificity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005; 102: 3599–604.
43. Watson P, Ding A, McMillan SA, et al. Implications of enzymatic detoxification of food gluten in coeliac disease. Gastroenterology. 2008; 134: A213.
44. Francavilla R, De Angelis M, Giuseppe Rizzello C, Cavallo N, Dal Bello F, Gobbettid M, Selected Probiotic Lactobacilli Have the Capacity To Hydrolyze Gluten Peptides during Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2017; 83 (14): 1–12.
45. Sanders ME. Impact of probiotics on colonizing microbiota of the gut. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2011; 45:S 115–9.
46. Kaukinen K, Lindfors K, Mäki M. Advances in the treatment of coeliac disease: an immunopathogenic perspective. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014; 11:3– 44.
47. Keijzer C, van der Zee R, van Eden W, Broere F. Treg inducing adjuvants for therapeutic vaccination against chronic inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol. 2013; 4(245: 1–10.
48. Veeraraghavan G, Leffler DA, Kaswala DH, Mukherjee R. Celiac disease update: new therapies. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepato. 2015; 19: 913–27.
49. Sollid LM, Jabri B. Celiac disease and transglutaminase 2: a model for post–translational modification of antigens and HLA association in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. Curr Opin Immunol. 2011; 23: 732–8.
50. Makharia GK. Current and emerging therapy for celiac disease. Front Med (Lausanne). 2014; 1: 1–14.
51. Stoven S, Murray JA, Marietta E. Celiac Disease: Advances in Treatment via Gluten Modification. Clinical Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2012; 10(8): 859–62.
52. Zamakhchari M, Wei G, Dewhirst F, Lee J, Schuppan D, Oppenheim FG, Helmerhorst EJ. Identification of rothia bacteria as gluten–degrading natural colonizers of the upper gastro–intestinal tract. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24455.
53. Ehren J, Morón B, Martin E, Bethune MT, Gray GM, Khosla C. A food-grade enzyme preparation with modest gluten detoxification properties. PLoS One. 2009; 21: 4(7).
54. Montserrat V, Bruins MJ, Edens L, Koning F. Influence of dietary components on Aspergillus niger prolyl endoprotease mediated gluten degradation. Food Chem. 2015; 1(174): 440-5.
55. Nagao-Kitamoto H, Kitamoto S, Kuffa P, Kamada N. Pathogenic role of the gut microbiota in gastrointestinal diseases. Intest Res. 2016; 14:127–138.
2. Rostami Nejad M, Karkhane M, Marzban A, Nazemalhosseini Mojarad E, Rostami K. Gluten related disorders. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2012; 5 (1): 1–7.
3. De Re V, Magris R, Cannizzaro R. New Insights into the Pathogenesis of Celiac Disease. Front Med (Lausanne). 2017; 4(137) 1-11.
4. Gujral N, Freeman H, Thomson A. Celiac disease: Prevalence, diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment. World J Gastroenterol. 2012; 18(42): 6036–6059.
5. Mustalahti K, Catassi C, Reunanen A, Fabiani E, Heier M, McMillan S, Murray L, Metzger MH, Gasparin M, Bravi E, Mäki M, Coeliac EU Cluster, Project Epidemiology. The prevalence of celiac disease in Europe: results of a centralized, international mass screening project. Ann Med 2010; 42: 587–595.
6. Clemente E, Efthymakis K, Carletti E, Capone V, Sperduti S, et al. An explorative study identifies miRNA signatures for the diagnosis of non-celiac wheat sensitivity. PLOS ONE. 2019; 14(12): e0226478.
7. Singh P, Arora A, Strand T, Leffler D, Catassi C, Green P, Kelly C, Ahuja V, Makharia G. Global Prevalence of Celiac Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2018; 16(6), 823–836.
8. Verma A K, Gatti S, Galeazzi T, Monachesi C, Padella L, Del Baldo G, Annibali R, Lionetti E, Catassi C. Gluten Contamination in Naturally or Labeled Gluten-Free Products Marketed in Italy. Nutrients. 2017; 9 (115): 1-10.
9. Bascunan K A, Araya M, Roncoroni L, Doneda L, Elli L. Dietary Gluten as a Conditioning Factor of the Gut Microbiota in Celiac Disease. American Society for Nutrition. 2019; 1-15.
10. Cenit MC, Olivares M, Codoner-Franch P, Sanz Y. Intestinal microbiota and celiac disease: Cause, consequence or co-evolution? Nutrients. 2015; 17:6900–23.
11. Rostami-Nejad, M. Taraghikhah, N. Ciacci, C. Pourhoseingholi, MA. Barzegar, F. Rezaei-Tavirani, M. Aldulaimi, D. Zalia, MR. Anxiety Symptoms in Adult Celiac Patients and the Effect of a Gluten-Free Diet: An Iranian Nationwide Study. Inflamm Intest Dis 2020; 5:42–47.
12. Kumar J, Kumar M, Pandey R, Chauhan N. Physiopathology and Management of Gluten-Induced Celiac Disease. Journal of Food Science. 2017; 82 (2): 270–277.
13. Boyce JA, Assa’ad A, Burks AW, Jones SM, Sampson HA, Wood RA, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of food allergy in the United States: report of the NIAID-sponsored expert panel. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010; 126(suppl): S1-58.
14. Hofer G, Wieser S, Bogdos MK, et al. Three-dimensional structure of the wheat β-amylase Tri a 17, a clinically relevant food allergen. Allergy. 2019; 74(5):1009-1013.
15. Cianferoni A. Wheat allergy: diagnosis and management. J Asthma Allergy. 2016; 9:13-25.
16. Kumar J, Kumar M, Pandey R, Chauhan N. Physiopathology and Management of Gluten-Induced Celiac Disease. Journal of Food Science. 2017; 82 (2): 270–277.
17. DiGiacomo, D. V., Tennyson, C. A., Green, P. H., & Demmer, R. T. (2013). Prevalence of gluten-free diet adherence among individuals without celiac disease in the USA: Results from the Continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2010. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2013; 48(8), 921–925.
18. Tye-Din, J. A., Stewart, J. A., Dromey, J. A., Beissbarth, T., van Heel, D. A., Tatham, A., . . . Anderson, R. P. Comprehensive, quantitative mapping of T cell epitopes in gluten in celiac disease. Science Translational Medicine, 2010; 2(41), 41-51.
19. Caputo I, Lepretti M, Martucciello S, Esposito C. Enzymatic Strategies to Detoxify Gluten: Implications for Celiac Disease. Enzyme Research. 2010; 1-9.
20. Tye-Din JA, Stewart JA, Dromey JA, Beissbarth T, van Heel DA, Tatham A, Henderson K, Mannering SI, Gianfrani C, Jewell DP et al. Comprehensive, quantitative mapping of T cell epitopes in gluten in celiac disease. Sci Transl Med. 2010; 2: 41-51.
21. Lee, H.J.; Anderson, Z.; Ryu, D. Gluten contamination in foods labeled as “gluten free” in the United States. J. Food Prot. 2014; 77. 1830–1833.
22. Gibert, A.; Kruizinga, A.G.; Neuhold, S.; Houben, G.F.; Canela, M.A.; Fasano, A.; Catassi, C. Might gluten traces in wheat substitutes pose a risk in patients with celiac disease? A population-based probabilistic approach to risk estimation. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2013; 97. 109–116.
23. Tye-Din J A, Stewart J A, Dromey J A, Beissbarth T, Van Heel D A, Tatham A, Henderson K, Mannering S I, Gianfrani C, Jewell D P, Hill A V S, McCluskey J, Rossjohn J, Anderson R P. Comprehensive, Quantitative Mapping of T Cell Epitopes in Gluten in Celiac Disease. Science Translational Medicine. 2010; 2 (41) 1-14.
24. Bevilacqua A, Costabile A, Bergillos-Meca T , Gonzalez I, Landriscina L, Ciuffreda E, D’Agnello P, Rosaria Corbo M, Sinigaglia M, Lamacchia C. Impact of Gluten-Friendly Bread on the Metabolism and Function of In Vitro Gut Microbiota in Healthy Human and Coeliac Subjects. PLOS ONE. 2016; 1–21.
25. De Sousa Moraes, L.F., Grzeskowiak, L.M., de Sales Teixeira, T.F. and Gouveia Peluzio, Mdo.C. Intestinal microbiota and probiotics in celiac disease. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2014; 27: 482–489.
26. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Health Organization. 2002. Guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Accessed 27 April 2014.
27. Laparra JM, Sanz Y. Bifidobacteria inhibit the inflammatory response induced by gliadins in intestinal epithelial cells via modifications of toxic peptide generation during digestion. J Cell Biochem. 2010; 109: 801–807.
28. Golfetto L, Senna FD, Hermes J, Beserra BTS, França FS, Martinello F. Lower bifidobacteria counts in adult patients with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet. Arq Gastroenterol. 2014; 51(2): 139-143.
29. Laparra, J.M. and Sanz, Y. Bifidobacteria inhibit the inflammatory response induced by gliadins in intestinal epithelial cells via modifications of toxic peptide generation during digestion. J Cell Biochem. 2010; 109: 801–807.
30. Ash, M. The Golden Age of Gluten Free Living: New Findings, Tests And Treatments. Clinical Education. 2015
31. Siddiqi R A , Singh Sogi D, Sehajpa P K. Effect of short-term sourdough fermentation on wheat protein. Cogent Food & Agriculture. 2016; 2: 1132983: 1-10.
32. Chibbar R, Dieleman L.A. The Gut Microbiota in Celiac Disease and Probiotics. Nutrients 2019; 11, 2375.
33. Mitea C, et al. Efficient degradation of gluten by a prolyl endoprotease in a gastrointestinal model: implications for coeliac disease. Gut. 2008; 57(1): 25-32.
34. Helmerhorst EJ, Zamakhchari M, Schuppan D, Oppenheim FG. Discovery of a novel and rich source of gluten–degrading microbial enzymes in the oral cavity. 2010; PLoS One 5:e13264.
35. Volta U, Tovoli F, Cicola R, Parisi C, Fabbri A, Piscaglia M, Fiorini E, Caio G Serological tests in gluten sensitivity (nonceliac gluten intolerance). J Clin Gastroenterol. 2012; 46(8): 680-5.
36. Greco L, Gobbetti M, Auricchio R, Di Mase R, Paparo F, Di Cagno R, De Angelis M, Rizzello CG, Cassone A, Terrone G, Timpone L, D’Aniello M, Troncone R, Auricchio S. Safety for celiac patients of baked goods made of wheat flour hydrolyzed during food processing. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011; 9: 24 –29.
37. Lindfors K, Blomqvist T, Juuti-Uusitalo KM, et al. Live probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis bacteria inhibit the toxic effects induced by wheat gliadin in epithelial cell culture. Clin Exp Immunol. 2008; 152: 552–558.
38. Duar RM, Clark KJ, Patil PB, Hernández C, Brüning S, Burkey TE, Madayiputhiya N, Taylor SL, Walter J. Identification and characterization of intestinal lactobacilli strains capable of degrading immunotoxic peptides present in gluten. J Appl Microbiol. 2015; 118:515–527.
39. Herran, A.R.; Perez-Andres, J.; Caminero, A.; Nistal, E.; Vivas, S.; Ruiz de Morales, J.M.; Casqueiro, J. Gluten-degrading bacteria are present in human small intestine of healthy volunteers and celiac patients. Res. Microbiol. 2017; 168, 673–684.
40. Olivares, M.; Laparra, M.; Sanz, Y. Influence of Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 and gliadin peptides on intestinal epithelial cell proteome. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2012; 59, 7666–7671.
41. De Angelis M, Rizzelo CG, Fasano A, Clemente MG, De Simone C, Silano M, De Vincenzi M, Losito I, Gobbetti M. VSL#3 probiotic preparation has the capacity to hydrolyze gliadin polypeptides responsible for celiac sprue. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006; 1762: 80–93.
42. Shan L, Mathews II, Khosla C. Structural and mechanistic analysis of two prolyl endopeptidases: role of interdomain dynamics in catalysis and specificity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005; 102: 3599–604.
43. Watson P, Ding A, McMillan SA, et al. Implications of enzymatic detoxification of food gluten in coeliac disease. Gastroenterology. 2008; 134: A213.
44. Francavilla R, De Angelis M, Giuseppe Rizzello C, Cavallo N, Dal Bello F, Gobbettid M, Selected Probiotic Lactobacilli Have the Capacity To Hydrolyze Gluten Peptides during Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2017; 83 (14): 1–12.
45. Sanders ME. Impact of probiotics on colonizing microbiota of the gut. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2011; 45:S 115–9.
46. Kaukinen K, Lindfors K, Mäki M. Advances in the treatment of coeliac disease: an immunopathogenic perspective. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014; 11:3– 44.
47. Keijzer C, van der Zee R, van Eden W, Broere F. Treg inducing adjuvants for therapeutic vaccination against chronic inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol. 2013; 4(245: 1–10.
48. Veeraraghavan G, Leffler DA, Kaswala DH, Mukherjee R. Celiac disease update: new therapies. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepato. 2015; 19: 913–27.
49. Sollid LM, Jabri B. Celiac disease and transglutaminase 2: a model for post–translational modification of antigens and HLA association in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. Curr Opin Immunol. 2011; 23: 732–8.
50. Makharia GK. Current and emerging therapy for celiac disease. Front Med (Lausanne). 2014; 1: 1–14.
51. Stoven S, Murray JA, Marietta E. Celiac Disease: Advances in Treatment via Gluten Modification. Clinical Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2012; 10(8): 859–62.
52. Zamakhchari M, Wei G, Dewhirst F, Lee J, Schuppan D, Oppenheim FG, Helmerhorst EJ. Identification of rothia bacteria as gluten–degrading natural colonizers of the upper gastro–intestinal tract. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24455.
53. Ehren J, Morón B, Martin E, Bethune MT, Gray GM, Khosla C. A food-grade enzyme preparation with modest gluten detoxification properties. PLoS One. 2009; 21: 4(7).
54. Montserrat V, Bruins MJ, Edens L, Koning F. Influence of dietary components on Aspergillus niger prolyl endoprotease mediated gluten degradation. Food Chem. 2015; 1(174): 440-5.
55. Nagao-Kitamoto H, Kitamoto S, Kuffa P, Kamada N. Pathogenic role of the gut microbiota in gastrointestinal diseases. Intest Res. 2016; 14:127–138.
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