ISSN: 2423-6241
Spring
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Antibody profiling for the prognosis and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in patients, compared with healthy subjects
Archives of Medical Laboratory Sciences,
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015),
https://doi.org/10.22037/amls.v1i1.9362
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis is considered as an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that is the main cause of disability in young adults around the world. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in antibodies in the prognosis of multiple sclerosis, and the use of antibody against aquaporin 4 for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.
Materials and Methods: In this case - control study, 21 patients with a definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and 21 healthy subjects were selected as the study population. Blood and urine samples were collected, and nephelometry technique was used to assess the presence or absence of IgG, IgM and IgA in serum and urine samples. ELISA method for measuring of antibodies against aquaporin 4 was used.
Results: There was no major difference in the mean of the total IgM in the case and control groups , but the mean IgA and IgG levels in the control group were evidently higher than in the case group. It was releaved that IgA, RBC and Hb mean differences between the two groups are statistically significant. Parallel with an increase in IgG, the probability of disease exacerbation was increased by 0.22, whereas with increasing ages, the probability of disease exacerbation was 15.0. There was also a positive and significant relationship between the average level of antibodies, IgG and IgM with the degree of illness However, the relationship between the mean serum IgA level and the degree of illness was inverse. It also became clear that antibodies against AQP-4 in serum and urine of patients with different degrees of illness showed no significant difference. The difference between the mean of antibodies against AQP in the serum of patients with mild and moderate MS was 54.1, but in mild and severe MS it was 53.3.
Conclusion: The findings of this research suggest that serum antibody levels are directly related to the disease levels and can be used as a prognostic factor. Accordingly, it appears that the use of antibodies against aquaporin-4 in serum and urine for the diagnosis of this disease can be considered as a reliable approach.
- Antibody
- multiple sclerosis
- diagnosis
How to Cite
References
Mahon C, Tice D. Clinical laboratory immunology. 2006. Series III:144.
Moghtaderi A, Rakhshanizadeh F, Shahraki-Ibrahimi S. Incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in south-eastern Iran. ClinNeurolNeurosurg. 2013;115(3):304-8
Sorensen TL, Ransohoff RM. Etiology and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Semin Neurol. 1998;18:287-94.
Al_Omaishi J, Bashir R, Gendelman HE. The cellular immunology of multiple sclerosis. J Leukoc Biol. 1999;65:444-52.
Lublin FD, Reingold SC. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis. Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. Neurology.1996;46(4):907–1.
Calabrese M, Romualdi C, Poretto V, Favaretto A, Morra A, Rinaldi F, et al. The changing clinical course of multiple sclerosis: a matter of gray matter. Ann Neurol. 2013;74(1):76-83.
Nabavi SM, Poorfarzam Sh, Ghassemi H. Clinical course and prognosis of 203 patients with MS in shahidmostafa Khomeini hospital, Tehran 2002. Tehran University Medical Journal. 2006;64(7):90-7.
Calabrese M, Romualdi C, Poretto V, Favaretto A, Morra A, Rinaldi F, et al. The changing clinical course of multiple sclerosis: a matter of gray matter. Ann Neurol. 2013;74(1):76-83.
Reindl M, Khalil M. Antibodies as biological markers for pathological progress in MS. Journal of neuroimmunology. 2008;180:50-62.
Bartos A, FialovaL, Soukupova J, Kukai J, Malbohan I, Pitha J. Elevated intrathecal Antibodies against light neurofilament subunit in multiple sclerosis . J Neurol. 2007;254:20-5.
Hayakawa S, Mori M, Okuta A, Kamegawa A, Fujiyoshi Y, Yoshiyama Y, et al. Neuromyelitisoptica and anti – aquaporin-4 antibodies. Measured an Enzyme – linkedd Immune Sorbent Assay. Journal of Neuroimmunology. 2008;196:181-7.
Lennon VA, Wingerchuk DM, Kryzer TJ, Thomas J, Kryzer AS, Pittock S, et al. A serum autoantibody marker of neuromyelitisoptica: distinction from multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 2004;364(9451):2106-12.
Najafabadi M, Mostajeran A, KatsuharaM. The Expression of Tobacco (Nicotianatabacum) NtPIP2; 1 Aquaporin in XenopusOocytes and Study of its sensitivity to Mercury. Journal of Cell & Tissue (JCT). 2010;1(1):19-26.
Sharief MK, Thompson EJ. Intrathecal immunoglobulin M Synthesis in multiple sclerosis . Relationship with clinical and CSF parameters – Brain. 1991;114:181-95.
Poloni M, Rocchelli B, Scelsi R, Pinelli P. IntrathecalIgG Synthesis in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases: a comparative evaluation by IgG – index and isoelectric focusing. J Neurol. 1979;291(4):245-55.
Sharief MK, Thampson EJ. The predictive value of intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis and magnetic resonance imaging in acute isolated syndrome for subsequent development of multiple sclerosis. Ann neurol. 1991;29:147-51.
Koch M, Heersema D, Mostert, A. Teelken J. De Keyser J. cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands and progression of disability in multiple sclerosis – Eur J Neurol. 2007:14(7):797-800.
Sharief MK, Thompson. EJ. Intrathecal immunoglobulin M Synthesis in multiple sclerosis . Relationship with clinical and CSF parameters – Brain. 1991;114:181-95.
Massawe SN, Ronquist G, Nyström L, Lindmark G. iron status and iron deficiency anaemia in adolescents in a Tanzanian suburban area . Gyneeolobstet Invest. 2002;54:137-44.
Simpson Lo, Shand BI, Olds RJ, Larking PW, Arnott MJ. Red cells and hemorrheological changes in multiple sclerosis .pathology. 1987;19(1):51-5.
Shannon R, Mckeon A, McKeon A, MRCP MB, Fryer JP, Apiwattanakul M, et al. Prediction of Neuromyelitis optica Attack severity by Quantitation of complement mediated Injury to Aquaporin-4 expressing cells. Arch neurol. 2010;66(9):1164-7.
Ranks G, Filho F, Pandey JP, Myhr KM, Ulvestad E, Nyland H, et al. Ig allotype and subclasses in Norwegian patients with multiple sclerosis . Journal of Neurological sciences. 2000;175:111-5.
Sorensen TL, Ransohoff RM. Etiology and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Semin Neurol. 1998;18:287-94.
Brettschinneder J, Jaskowski T, Tumani H, Abdul S, Husebye D, Seraj H, Hill et al. Serum anti GAGA4 IgM antibodies differentiate relapsing – remitting and secondary – progressive multiple sclerosis and other neurological disease. Journal of Neuroimmunology. 2009;217:95-101.
Garg N , Zivadinov R, Ramanathan M, Vasiliu I, Locke J, Watts K, et al. Clincal and MRI correlates of autoreactive antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients. Journal of Neuroimmunology. 2007;187:159-65.
Weber M, Hemmer B, Cepok S. The role of antibodies in multiple sclerosis . Biochemichal BiophysicaActa . Article in press. BBADIS –G3117.
Hayakawa S, Mori M, Okuta A, Kamegawa A, Fujiyoshi Y, Yoshiyama Y, et al. Neuromyelitis optica and anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Journal of Neuroimmunology. 2008;196:181-7.
- Abstract Viewed: 770 times
- PDF Downloaded: 188 times
